Who would you help?

Principles of Individualism and Collectivism

1) Principles of Individualism2) Principles of Collectivism3) Capitalism vs Socialism

Principles of the two extremes

Collectivism-Collective Responsibility -Collective Interest-Cooperation-Economic Equality-Adherence to Collective Norms -Public Property

Individualism (principles of liberalism)

-Rule of Law-Individual rights and freedoms-Private Property- Economic Freedom- Self-Interest- Competition

Collectivist

• Ideologies that follow these ideas to create their perfect world are communism (USSR, China) and socialism (Sweden).

• Over time most liberal democracies have evolved and incorporated ideas of collectivism into their political, economic and social systems.

Individualist

• Ideologies that are associated with it is liberalism.

Economic EqualityCan differ depending on the ideology it is following.It deals with the following 6 factors:1) People with larger incomes should pay

more taxes2) All people should earn equal wages

for work of similar value.3) There should be a guaranteed annual

income (GAI)4) All people should share in the wealth

of the country or the world 5) People should own the means of

production collectively6) Everything should be free. There

should be no private property.

Co-operation

• Is the means through which members of a group or collective achieve their common goals.

• Co-operative: can be a business or a group where everyone works together to achieve the common good (Daycare centers, health-care centers, stores and credit unions)

Co-operatives• Are owned and democratically controlled by their members-the people who use

the co-op’s services or buy its goods-not by outside investors; Co-op members elect their board of directors from within the membership.

• Return surplus revenues (income over expenses and investment) to members proportionate to their use of the cooperative, not proportionate to their “investment” or ownership share.

• Are motivated not by profit, but by service-to meet their members’ needs or affordable and high quality goods or services; Exist solely to serve their members.

• Pay taxes on income kept within the co-op for investment and reserves. Surplus revenues from the co-op are returned to individual members who pay taxes on that income.

Public Property

• Karl Marx argued that only workers should profit from their own labour,

• Public property is present in welfare states through government run busnesses.

• Examples of crown corporations: Canada Post, Air Canada, CBC, Via Rail

• IMPORTANT TAX Money is used to support these properties

Collective Interest

-interest’s groups have in common-Lobby groups, professional groups, and International Organizations-ex. Human rights groups, professional groups, and international organizations such as the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie or Assembly of First Nations

What is the message of the

cartoon?

Industrial Revolution and the Labor Movement

• The Industrial Revolution saw all the negative aspects of individualism (workers being taken advantage of, inequality)

• The labour movement during the Industrial Revolution saw organized trade unions form and workers were able to fight successfully for better working conditions and higher rates of pay. (success that individuals could not have realized alone)

Collective Responsibility

• is a concept or doctrine, according to which individuals are to be held responsible for other people's actions by tolerating, ignoring, or harboring them, without actively collaborating in these actions.

• Action of individual + group= Group responsible for the individual

-in response to deep-rooted social problems like Drunk Driving, underage drinking??

Adherence to collective norms

• Used to ensure membership to a group.• These norms tend to use rules that relate to

conduct, values, or appearance.• See these standards as binding • Some times gov’ts will use Censorship to promote these norms

What is the message of this cartoon?

Principles of Individualism

Rule of Law

• It is individual equality before the law.• This principle means that citizens are subject

to clearly defined rules rather than the arbitrary power of an individual or group in a position of authority.

What is the message of this cartoon?

Individual Rights and Freedoms

• Is important in individualist societies.• Includes rights and freedoms like freedom of

religion, freedom of association and the right to life, liberty and the security of the person

• One of the most important rights in a democratic society is the right to vote (however this is something that evolved over time in Liberal countries)

Private Property

• At first it applied only to land but today it also includes other forms of physical possessions and intellectual property.

• Intellectual property is currently causing the most problems since it is hard to keep track of and it is hard to determine if the products are actually original (genetically modified seeds)

Economic Freedom

• The freedom to buy what you want and sell what you want

• It is part of a free market economy• Wall street journal uses a list of factors to

determine how free an economy is (listed on pg. 78)

• Canada is listed as 10th in 2008 which makes sense since Canada is a welfare state or mixed economy due to gov’t involvment

Self-Interest and Competition

• Adam Smith supporter with his invisible hand• Supply and Demand insure this works in an

individual society• It can effect the labour market as well (ex.

Teachers)• A point that proves it does not work is the fact

that the gap between the poor and rich is growing.

Capitalism vs Socialism

• What point does Green make about Individual or collective societies?

• What are some questions you have?

What is the message of

the cartoon?

Home Work

1)The following Terms: Self-reliance, Common good: and the Renaissance

Questions Collectivism and Individualism (handout from class)

1-6

2) All of the terms that are left and question 1-23 for Thursday