principle of pre-hospital trauma patient immobilization ... · department of trauma and emergency...

101
Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine Phramongkutklao Hospital Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization, Extrication and Packaging Nat Krairojananan MD FRCST Woranis Amorsongchai MD EP

Upload: others

Post on 17-Aug-2020

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Phramongkutklao Hospital

Principle ofPre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization,

Extrication and Packaging

Nat Krairojananan MD FRCSTWoranis Amorsongchai MD EP

Page 2: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Patient Safety

• Good practice for immobilization

• Do no further harm

Objectives

Page 3: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Manual in line• Cervical collar application• Log roll and spinal board • Rapid extrication• Kendrick Extrication Device (KED) • Scoop stretcher• Stair chair

Scope

Page 4: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Impact to the head, neck, torso, or pelvis

• Sudden acceleration, deceleration, or lateral bending forces to neck or torso

• Falls

• Ejection or fall from vehicle

• Shallow-water diving incident

Concerning mechanism of injury

Page 5: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Tenderness on palpation of the spinal column• Complaint of pain in the spine• Altered mental status• GCS < 15• Presence of neurological deficit • Evidence of distracting injury• Inability to communicate effectively

Indications for spinal immobilization

Page 6: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Long-bone fracture

• Suspected visceral injury

• Large laceration, de-gloving, or crush injury

• Large burns

• Any other injury produces acute functional impairment

Distracting injuries

Page 7: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Speech or hearing impaired

• Speaks a foreign language

• Small children

Inability to communicate

Page 8: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Spinal Immobilization Algorithm Blunt Trauma #1

PHTLS

ed.8

Page 9: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Spinal Immobilization Algorithm Blunt Trauma # 2

PHTLS

ed.8

Page 10: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Spinal Immobilization AlgorithmPenetrating Trauma

Unstable spinal fractures from penetrating trauma are extremely rare

PHTLS

ed.8

Page 11: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Preventing secondary cord injury

• Maintain adequate oxygenation

• Maintain adequate perfusion (BP)

Page 12: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• One joint above and below = head and pelvis

• Movement of extremities cause spine move

• Supine is most stable position to carrying, handling and transporting

• Supine is ease for A-B-C access and manage

Spinal immobilization

Page 13: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Patient’s position• Sitting• Semi-prone• Supine• Standing

Immobilization devices

Total spine protectedAnd ready for moving

Page 14: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Move the head into proper in line without interruption• Primary assessment• Measure and apply proper fitting, effective cervical collar• Immobilize the torso with proper padding• Immobilize head• Immobilize legs• Secure arms

Principles of immobilization process for trauma patient

Page 15: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Manual in Line Stabilization

Page 16: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ประคองศรษะและคอในทา neutral position

ลากเสนสมมตผานหนา tragus จะตองชไปท clavicle

Page 17: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Place patient’s head and neck into neutral position

Padding, if necessary

Page 18: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Manual in lineusing hands

Page 19: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Manual in line from difference directions

Page 20: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Resistance to movement• Neck muscle spasm• Increased pain• Increase of neurological deficit• Compromise of the airway or ventilation

Contraindication for manual in line

Page 21: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Cervical Collar Application

Page 22: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Difference type of cervical collar

Page 23: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• คาระหวางปลายคาง กระดกสนอก และบา• จากดการเคลอนไหวในทา Flexion-extension (90%), rotation/

lateral bending (50%)• สวม collar ขนาดถกตองและกระชบ จะทาใหผปวยอาปากไดจากด

ทา airway management ไมได• หากเคลอนยาย ตองประกอบกบ spinal board, straps และ head

immobilizer เสมอ

Cervical collar principles

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5gF0n0cQas

Page 24: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ประคองศรษะและคอ ในทา neutral positionลากเสนสมมตผานหนา tragus จะตองชไปท clavicle

Page 25: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ประคองศรษะและคอ ในทา neutral positionลากเสนสมมตเสนท 1 ผานปลายคางลากเสนสมมตเสนท 2 ผานบา (root of neck) ใหขนานกบเสนท 1วดระยะระหวางเสนท 1 และ 2 เปน fingerbreath

Page 26: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• วดระยะระหวางเสนท 1 และ 2 เปน fingerbreadth

• ใครวดคอผบาดเจบ คนนนมาวด collar

• เลอก collar ขนาดทเหมาะสม

Page 27: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Marker for measurement

Page 28: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 29: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• สอด collar จากทางดานขวาเทานน

• พบลนแถบ Velcro เขาดานในเพอปองกนการเปอนฝน

Page 30: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• ปาด collar ผานหนาอกเขารองรบใตปลายคาง• ตรวจสอบวา collar อยในแนวกงกลางลาตวหรอไม• ปรบ collar ใหกระชบและตดแถบ Velcro

Page 31: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ตรวจสอบวา cervical collar อยในแนวกงกลางดจากปม rivet สองปมอยในแนวเดยวกบปลายจมกปมยดโฟมใตคางตองมองไมเหน

Page 32: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicineหากสวม cervical collar ไดกระชบและเหมาะสม ผบาดเจบจะอาปากไดนอย ไมสามารถจดการทางเดนหายใจได

สวม collar แลว ยงตองทา manual in line

จนกวาจะยดตรงกบ spinal board และตด head immobilizer

Cervical collar: limitation

Page 33: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Increased ICP in TBI for prolonged use

• Risk of aspiration

• Pressure ulcers

Complication

Page 34: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Obese• Children under 7 year-old

Unable to turn into neutral in line:• Secure with roll of towel/blanket, iv bottle• Tape to board

Neutral in line immobilization

Page 35: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Log roll

Page 36: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Head grip change # 1

Page 37: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Log roll

คนท 1 จบไหล และ gluteal foldคนท 2 จบ ASIS และขอพบเขา

Page 38: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Back inspection

Page 39: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

วางปลายลางของ spinal board

ใหอยระหวางเขาและขอเทา

Page 40: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Head grip change # 2

Page 41: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

จบตวผปวยเพอเลอนทแยงขนบน board

Page 42: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• ดานบน จบทรกแร หวแมมออยทรองไหล • ดานลาง จบทสะโพก• ออกแรงเลอนขนดานบน ไมยกลอย• ไมจบไหลหรอกาเสอผา เพราะทาใหตวหมน และกระดกสนหลงขยบได

Page 43: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

เลอนผบาดเจบตามแนวทแยง จนไหลชดฐานตด head immobilizer

จดใหขาทงสองขางตรงและชดกน

Page 44: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Head grip change # 3

Page 45: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• คลายสายรดตวใหยาวทสดเสมอ• ไมเกยวสายรดตวไวกบ spinal board

• ใชอยางนอย 3 ชด • แยกสายรดตวแตละแบบไวดาน

เดยวกน• หญงซาย - ชายขวา

Straps / belts

Page 46: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

การคาดสายรดตว 3 จด‘เหนอนม-เหนอไข-เหนอเขา’

Page 47: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

การผกมอกบสายรดตวเสนกลางไมควรผกกบสายรดอก

Page 48: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ประกอบ Head immobilizer‘ชดไหล-ชดหว-ใหหอยในร’แลวคอยกดลงบนตนตกแก

ลาตวตองไดรบการรดตรงใหเรยบรอยกอนการยดหว

Page 49: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Inadequate immobilization

• Improper sizing or application of cervical collar

• Immobilize with head hyperextended (no padding under head)

• Immobilize head before torso

• Inadequate padding

• Unnecessary immobilization

Common immobilization mistakes

Page 50: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Phramongkutklao Hospital

Principle ofPre-Hospital Trauma Patient Extrication

Nat Krairojananan MD FRCSTWoranis Amorsongchai MD EP

Page 51: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Extrication

Page 52: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

As Known As: • Emergency Evacuation • Emergency Move

Indications 1. Critical patients:

unresponsive, tachypnea, dyspnea, massive bleeding2. Risk of staying on the scene

Rapid Extrication

Page 53: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• No patient assessment inside the vehicle need • Immobilize by cervical collar, hands and arms

• Move first, assess and treat later

Rapid Extrication

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OfgLRabqbo

Page 54: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ตรวจสอบความปลอดภยในทเกดเหต

• กลนนามน / กาซรวไหล หยดของเหลว

• หนนลอ• ดงเบรกมอ ?

• ดบเครองยนต ?• ถอดขวแบตเตอร ?

Scene access

Page 55: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 56: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 57: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• สมาชกอยางนอย 4 คน• #1 หวหนาเรยกความสนใจใหผปวยไมขยบหวและคอ• สมาชกทเหลอ คอยนอกลานสายตาผบาดเจบ (หลง B pillar)

สวสดครบ ผมประยทธ จากหนวยกชพพระมงกฎเกลาคนไขอยนงๆ นะครบ อยาขยบหวหรอคอเดดขาด กาลงมคนมาชวย มองมาทางผมตลอดเวลานะครบ

#1#4 #2 #3

Page 58: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

#2 เขาไปในรถดานหลงผบาดเจบถอดหมอนรองศรษะ (head rest) และประคองศรษะและคอ (manual in line) ไว

พดเรยกรองความสนใจผบาดเจบเรอยๆ จนกวา #2 ทาการประคองศรษะและคอเรยบรอยแลว

จงหยดพดได

Page 59: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• หวหนาชดปลดเขมขดนรภย• ประคองลาตวผบาดเจบดวยทอนแขนทง

ดานหนาและหลง

Page 60: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

เอนผบาดเจบใหพงพนกเกาอภายใตการประคองศรษะและคอ โดย #2และประคองกระดกสนหลงสวนอก-เอว โดย #1

Page 61: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine#3 ประคองลาตวและหลงดวยทอนแขน

Page 62: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

หวหนาชด วดและสวมเฝอกดามคอจากดานหนา

Cervical collar application

Page 63: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• หวหนาชดทา chin grip/ neck grip ประคองศรษะและคอไว

• #2 ปลอยมอ ออกมาจากรถ และเขาประคองศรษะจากทางดานขางผานประตดานคนขบ (หนาตอ B pillar)

Page 64: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• #3 ยกขาขามคอนโซลกลางทละขาง • พรอมๆ กบหวหนาหมนตวผบาดเจบทละ 45 องศา

Page 65: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• #2 หมนตวผบาดเจบทละ 45 องศา 2 ครง• #3 ยกขาอกขางขามคอนโซลกลาง

Page 66: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• #4 สอด spinal board ใตกนผบาดเจบ • ตง board ใหสงทสดเพอรองรบกระดกสนหลง

Page 67: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• #1 เอนผบาดเจบลงบน spinal board• เมอผบาดเจบสมผส board ให #4 คอยๆ ลดระดบปลาย board ลง

จนตากวาขอบเบาะ

Page 68: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• ให #4 คอยๆ ลดระดบปลาย board ลงจนตากวาขอบเบาะ

Page 69: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

เลอนผบาดเจบออกมาจากรถ• #1 จบทรกแร• #3 จบทเอวจบทตวผปวยไมจบไหล ไมกา/ ขยาเสอผา

Page 70: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• #3 ออกจากรถ ออมดานหลงมา ชวยเลอนผบาดเจบ

• ควรสลบตาแหนงกบ #1 จบตวผบาดเจบ จะสะดวกในการเลอนผบาดเจบออกมามากกวา

Page 71: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

เลอนผบาดเจบมาบน spinal board

Page 72: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

คลาย collar ออก และเรมประเมนผบาดเจบ

Page 73: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Vest type- short device with head immobilizer • Use in stable trauma patient• 3 x torso straps• 2 x groin straps• 2 x head straps• Padding cushion• Always use with cervical collar

Kendrick Extrication Device

https://www.youtube.com/watch

?v=Ymc9xX2Kmv

Page 74: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• สายรดตว: พบทบในลกษณะหบเพลง เพอสะดวกในการดงออก• สายรดขา: พบไวดานหลงนอก KED และตดแถบตนตกแกไว

อยาพบไวดานในเพราะถาผปวยทบจะตองพลก กระดกสนหลงขยบ

การเกบสายรดตางๆ

Page 75: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• สมาชกอยางนอย 4 คน• #1 หวหนาเรยกความสนใจใหผปวยไมขยบหวและคอ• สมาชกทเหลอ คอยนอกลานสายตาผบาดเจบ (หลง B pillar)

สวสดครบ ผมประยทธ จากหนวยกชพพระมงกฎเกลาคนไขอยนงๆ นะครบ อยาขยบหวหรอคอเดดขาด กาลงมคนมาชวย มองมาทางผมตลอดเวลานะครบ

#1#4 #2 #3

Page 76: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• ผบาดเจบรตวด นงพงพนกเกาอ• #2 ทาการการประคองศรษะและคอ • #3 ประคองกระดกสนหลงสวนอก-เอว• #1 หวหนาชดสวม cervical collar

Page 77: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• หวหนาชด #1 สอด KED เขาไปดานหลงผบาดเจบ

• ปลดสายรดขา สงไปทางดานซาย

Page 78: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• จดใหสวนรดลาตวโอบรอบลาตว• ใหขอบบนชดรกแรผบาดเจบ

Page 79: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

‘My Lady LookS Hot Tonight’

• My: Middle

• Lady: Lower

• LookS: LegS

• Hot: Head (and Chin)

• Tonight: Top / Thorax

ตดสายรดลาตวตามลาดบ

Page 80: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

คาดสายรดตว• กลาง• ลาง• ยงไมคาดสายบน

Page 81: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• คาดสายรดขา ดวยการ ‘เลอย’ เขาไปจนชดขาหนบ

• ตดหวเขมขดและรดใหกระชบ

Page 82: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

วดระยะระหวางทายทอยกบ KED เปน fingerbreadth ใชหมอนรอง (padding) ใสเขาไปชองวาง อยาสอดลกจนถงหลงคอหรอหลง

Page 83: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• # 3 ทา head grip change• # 2 เอาสวนรองรบหว (head immobilizer) มารบ

และตดสายรดใหเรยบรอย

Page 84: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

ในขณะนถอวา ผบาดเจบไดรบ full spine immobilization อยางสมบรณ #2 สามารถปลอยมอได

Page 85: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• สอด spinal board ใตกนผบาดเจบ • สามารถวาง spinal board ราบไดเลย• จบหหวแลวหมนผบาดเจบใหมานอนราบบน spinal board

Page 86: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

กอนจะเลอนผบาดเจบออกมา ใหตดสายรดตวเสนบนสดใหกระชบ

Page 87: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

จบหหวและเลอนผบาดเจบออกมา

Page 88: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

เมอวาง spinal board ลงบนพนแลว ใหคลายสายรดตวเสนบนสด

และสายรดขาทงสองขางใหหลวม

Page 89: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

เมอวางผบาดเจบบน spinal board เพอเคลอนยาย ใหตดสายรดตว 3 ตาแหนงใหกระชบไมจาเปนตองตด head immobilizer

Page 90: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• Not suitable to transport the patient for long distance• No structure to support the spine• Able to break at joints

Scoop stretcher

Page 91: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Stair chair

Up stairs Down stairs

Page 92: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Vacuum Mattress

Page 93: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Lifting rules

• Know the weight to lift• Know your limit • Keep back straight • Lift by using thigh muscles, not back • Stay close to the object• Share plan and give signal

before lifting

Page 94: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

การพลกตวผบาดเจบจากทาควาไปหงาย

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZJgFQcbAOmU

Page 95: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 96: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 97: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f0shQIqSuQM

การถอดหมวกนรภย

Page 98: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 99: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 100: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Page 101: Principle of Pre-Hospital Trauma Patient Immobilization ... · Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine • Move the head into proper in line without interruption • Primary assessment

Department of Trauma and

Emergency Medicine

Questions?