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![Page 1: Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint - CAShocekgroup.uochb.cas.cz › data › OCH_KATA_prednaska_5.pdf · Relative Acidities of Alkanes, c—c Hybridization: Alkenes, and Alkynes c=c c](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022052801/5f11b7cb4fa19a47c2143b11/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Alkyny
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Alkyny - klasifikace
Alkyny – názvosloví (přípona –yn)
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Molekulové orbitaly – trojná vazba C≡C, molekula
ethynu
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![Page 5: Prezentace aplikace PowerPoint - CAShocekgroup.uochb.cas.cz › data › OCH_KATA_prednaska_5.pdf · Relative Acidities of Alkanes, c—c Hybridization: Alkenes, and Alkynes c=c c](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022052801/5f11b7cb4fa19a47c2143b11/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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Karbid vápenatý – karbidová lampa
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Průmyslová výroba acetylenu
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Příprava alkynů - eliminace
Eliminace halogenvodíků - silnou bází
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Reaktivita alkynů
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Acidita terminálních alkynů
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Deprotonace terminálních alkynů a následné reakce
Deprotonace + alkylace
Reakce se silnými bázemi - deprotonace
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Sonogashirova reakce – příprava aryl-alkynů
Deprotonace + alkylace - organická syntéza
Glaserův coupling – příprava diacetylenů
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Adice na alkeny
adice HX probíhají obvykle jako anti-adice
Adice halogenvodíků
Adice halogenů
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Radikálová adice HBr na alkyny – neprobíhá podle Markovnikova pravidla
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Mechanismus hydratace alkynů
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Syntetické využití hydratace alkynů
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Redukce alkynů
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Finální alken je stabilní vůči redukci.
Druhý transfer elektronu je rychlejší než cis/trans izomerizace alkenylového radikálu.
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Oxidativní štěpění alkynů