PREVIOUSLY. 5-6 th C Local Britons having problems with Picts, invite Anglo-Saxons over to help Anglo Saxons want to stay, Britons give them Kent They want more they take it Britons flee to modern day Wales 6-8 th C Anglo-Saxon form kingdoms, civil wars over who is the true King (or bretwalda) 8 th 9th C 786 Vikings begin to raid Britian and fight wars with the ruling Anglo-Saxons THE GREAT HEATHEN ARMY of the Danish Vikings arrives in England in 865 AD Led by Ragnar & Ivar the Boneless takes over nearly all of England SO WHAT HAPPENED WITH THOSE VIKINGS? ALRED OF WESSEX King of Wessex (Anglo-Saxon) Creates the burghal system to re-organize military defense BURGH: a mound of earth surrounded by a ditch often with a palisade wall ALFRED THE GREAT THE FYRD What we would think of as conscription in WWII All able bodied English (Anglo-Saxons) were part of the fyrd, they had to provide their own weapons The fyrd was called upon in emergency situations Alfred re-emphasizes the fyrd and turns them from a conscripted poorly trained commoners into a capable fighting force. ALFRED THE GREAT Alfred and his army beat back the Vikings out of Wessex Treaty is agreed upon, and Vikings forced to give lands back to Anglo-Saxons but can stay in Danelaw Does defeating an army and forcing them to take only of a country that was yours to begin with make you great? :S ALFREDS REFORMS - RESULTS? LATE 9 TH CENTURY ENGLAND Danelaw: Danish Viking Kings Wessex: Led by Anglo-Saxon Kings (The English) Northumbria: Norwegian Viking kings. **Vikings are not all one people there are different groups of them. 10 TH C: SIGNIFICANT EVENTS Guthrum (Danes) gets converted to Christianity 910 English def. Danish Vikings 954 English def. Eric Bloodaxe & the Norwegian Vikings BY 954 ALL THE VIKINGS ARE OUT OF ENGLAND or too Christian to fight us.YAYYYYY!!!! ETHELRED THE UNREADY King of England 978 1016 AD THE VIKINGS RETURN! But Ethelred thinks of a plan to send them home. CNUT THE GREAT KING OF DENMARK KING OF NORWAY And thanks to Ethelred being the Unready and paying him $$$ to stay awayhe shows up conquers England and becomes THE KING OF ENGLAND IF YOUR KEEPING TRACK CIVILIZATION/COUNTRYPERSON THEY CALLED GREAT GreeceAlexander of Macedon EnglandAlfred of Wessex FranceCharlemagne ScandinaviaCanute ByzantinesJustinian I Eastern RomansConstantine Western RomansPompey PersiansXerxes I & Darius I And theres like 8 others I never even told you about Greatest of all? Possible essay question. VIKING EMPIRE OF CNUT CNUT DIES---WHO TAKES THE EMPIRE? Cnuts son wants to go home to Denmark and be King there So the new King becomes the son of the previous king (Ethelred the Unready) his son is: EDWARD THE CONFESSOR Takes back much of England and then he dies too WHO SUCCEEDS? WHO THE HECK ARE THE NORMANS Normandy is a region in coastal France, right across the English channel from England CONFLICT RUMOUR: Edward chose William of Normandy to be the heir, Edward dies without his true intentions being known. HAROLD (England) is crowned King HAROLD HADRADA (Norway) : No WAY! And invades England BATTLE OF STAMFORD BRIDGE: English Harold defeats Norwegian Harold NOT OVER YET The next day William of Normandy lands in England Harold has to rush his army south to Hasting. THE STORY OF THE NORMAN CONQUEST OF ENGLAND IS TOLD ON A FAMOUSSO FAMOUS THAT YOU KNOW WHAT IT IS FOR A TEST PIECE OF ARTWORK KNOWN AS THE: THIS SECTION: THE BATTLE OF HASTINGS WILLIAM OF NORMANDY vs. HAROLD OF ENGLAND BAYEUAX TAPESTRY On the morning of the battle, 14th October 1066, William, in full armour, is about to mount his horse. Williams Norman cavalry gallops off to face Harolds English soldiers. William is shown twice: first on a dark horse at the head of his troops; then immediately to the right asking Vital (one of Odos followers) if the enemy has been seen yet. The scene changes to the English side. A look-out warns Harold that the Norman army is approaching. Back on the Norman side: William, mace in hand, gives a speech to encourage his soldiers. The Normans charge and the Battle of Hastings begins. As the air fills with arrows and lances, men lie dying. The English soldiers, who are all on foot, protect themselves with a wall of shields. The Normans attack from both sides. The lower border of the tapestry is filled with dead and injured soldiers. The violence continues as men hack and spear each other to death. Harolds brothers both die fighting. The battle rages on; men and horses crash to the ground, the lower border is strewn with slaughtered troops and animals. Bishop Odo appears in the thick of the fighting waving a club and encouraging his followers. Odo uses a club rather than a sword as bishops were not supposed to shed blood After a fall from his horse, William raises his helmet to reveal his face. This shows his troops that he is still alive and encourages them to continue fighting. Count Eustace carries an elaborate banner, which may be the one given by the Pope to show his support for Williams invasion of England. The Normans seem to be getting the upper hand as the battle continues. Many more soldiers die, one appears to be having his head cut off. On the right is the best known scene in the Tapestry: the Normans killing King Harold. But how is Harold killed? He seems to be shown twice: first plucking an arrow from his eye, and then being hacked down by a Norman knight. The tapestry is difficult to interpret here, but the second figure is probably Harold being killed With Harold dead, the battle is over. The victorious Normans chase the remaining English from the battlefield. The final scene from the tapestry has been lost. It may have shown William being crowned King of England. This would match the scene at the very beginning of the tapestry which shows King Edward, secure on the throne just two years earlier. DJ VU? WHO RULED GREECE? First Myceneans Then Athens Then Sparta Then Athens Then Sparta Then Athens Then Thebes But in the end WHO RULED ENGLAND? First Britons Then Anglo-Saxons Then Vikings Then Anglo-Saxons Then Vikings Then Anglo-Saxons Then Vikings But in the end WILLIAM OF NORMANDY More Famously known as WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR Goes on to conquer England.. HOW he did it. & WHAT he did there.