PRETREATMENT MACHINES

TYPES

•Batch

•continuous

Batch machines

•Fibre

•Yarn

•Fabric

YARN AND FIBRE

FABRIC PROCESSING - BATCH

•Winch

• Jigger

• Jet dyeing machines

JIGGER• Fabric in open width

• High tension

• Liquor stationary

• M:L ratio 1:3-4

• For fabrics that can withstand tension, tendency to crease

• Desize, scour, bleach, wash

WINCH• Fabric in rope form

• low tension

• Liquor stationary

• M:L ratio 1:20-30

• For delicate fabrics, woolens

• Desize, scour, bleach, wash

KIER – COTTON SCOURING

KIER

• Yarns or fabrics can be scoured

• Temperature above 100 deg C can be used

• Fabric or yarn is piled in the vessel (first in last out)

• Material piling is important (should be even)

• Liquor is heated and circulated

• M:L ratio – 1:3-4

• Very good quality of scouring with high wax removal

SEMI CONTINUOUS PROCESSING MACHINES

PADDING MANGLE

• Two Bowl Padding Mangles with Varying Troughs and Bowl Arrangements

Three-bowl padding mangles with varying bowl arrangements

PADDING MANGLE

•At least two bowls constructed from rubber

•Apply high pressure to squeeze the fabric

•Fabric is left in uniformly saturated, non dripping state

•Pressure can be as high as 50 kg/cm

•Rollers can be 2 meter wide

•Wet expression can be 60-110%

Development after padding

Pad Batch

Pad‐batch (open width)

CONTINUOUS PROCESSING MACHINES

CHEMICAL APPLICATION - SATURATOR

(a) Rope saturator; (b) Open-width saturator

The Optimax saturator The Flexnip Applicator

STORAGE DEVICES

• To provide sufficient time for reaction to take place

• Have high storage capacity to allow sufficient residence and processing speed

• High temperature is maintained with heaters or steam

• Both rope and open width forms can be processed

J-Box (rope form)

Traditional J-Boxes: (a) enclosed J-box; (b) open J-box

• Processing in tension free rope form

• heating is by direct application of steam, through manifolds at

various heights

• by passing through a steam atmosphere in a heater tube

adjacent to the entrance of the J-box

• Can hold 5–20 km of fabric for a dwell time of 1–2 h at a running

speed of 100–150 m min–1

• Productivity of about 130 kg h–1

Steamers

Time – 10-15 (roller bed) 25-20 (conveyor)Temperature – 95o C

Vaporloc system

Pad steam

Continuous processing for fabric

Open Width Range

Washing Ranges

Open Box Washer

Continuous washing machine

Stenter

Rail Introduction Drying Chambers

Fabric Release Part

Bruckner Opti Coat

Clip Stenter

Air circulation in stenter drying