preterite vs. imperfect

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PRETERITE VS. IMPERFECT

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Preterite vs. Imperfect. Imperfecto. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

PRETERITE VS.

IMPERFECT

Page 2: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

Eran las nueve de la noche.  Era viernes.  Hacía mal tiempo.  Llovía.  Todos estábamos en casa.  Mamá y Papá miraban la televisión; yo leía una novela de StarTrek; mi hermana hablaba por teléfono con su novio en su cuarto.  Esnupi (nuestro perro) dormía detrás del sillón en la sala.

It was 9:00 at night.  It was Friday.  It was bad weather.  It was raining.  We were all at home.  Mom and Dad were watching television; I was reading a StarTrek novel; my sister was talking on the phone with her boyfriend in her room.  Esnupi (our dog) was sleeping behind the armchair in the living room.

IMPERFECTO

Page 3: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

De repente, ¡Entró un ladrón!  Pasó por la escalera y caminó hasta el dormitorio de mis padres.  Miró en el cuarto cuando oyó la voz de mi hermana.  Se volvió y bajó las escaleras.  Trató de huir de la casa, pero Esnupi se despertó y mordió la pierna del ladrón.

Suddenly, a robber entered!  He went upstairs and walked down to my parent's bedroom.  He looked in the room when he heard my sister's voice.  He turned and went down the stairs.  He tried to flee the house, but Esnupi woke up and bit the robber's leg.

PRETÉRITO

Page 4: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EL PRETÉRITO Y EL IMPERFECTO

If we are talking about the past, how can we decide which past tense to use?

This Venn Diagram sets up the basics…

PAST

PRETERITE IMPERFECT

-one time action

-completed event

-ongoing actions

-events that used to happen

Page 5: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

However, there are more detailed reasons when you would use one versus the other

Remembering these acronyms will help you really understand all the detailed differences:

PRETERITE:

IMPERFECT:

EL PRETÉRITO Y EL IMPERFECTO

BOLTSBOLTS

UBOAUBOATT

Page 6: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

B—beginning or end of an actionO—one timeL—lightning fast!T—transitionsS—series of events

EL PRETÉRITO

Page 7: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

Ejemplosempezar/comenzar—to begin/to startEl hombre empezó a llorar. (The man began to cry.)

Yo empecé a comer. (I started to eat.)

terminar—to end/to finishLos estudiantes terminaron las pruebas. (The students

finished the quizzes.)

BEGINNING OR END OF AN ACTION

B

O

L

T

S

Page 8: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosYo fui a la tienda la semana pasada. (I went to the store last week.)

Nosotros vimos la película anoche. (We saw the movie last night.)

ONE TIME ACTION/EVENT

B

O

L

T

S

Page 9: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosYo estudiaba cuando llegó mi amigo.

(I was studying when my friend arrived.)

De repente, ¡el enemigo apereció a la puerta!

(Suddenly, the enemy appeared at the door!)

LIGHTNING FAST! (SUDDENLY)

B

O

L

T

S

*interruption

Page 10: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosPrimero me desperté y entonces me duché. (First I woke up and then I showered.)

Luego, el principe y la princesa se casaron. (Later, the prince and princess got married.)

TRANSITIONS (FIRST, THEN)

B

O

L

T

S

Page 11: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosSara cenó, hizo la tarea y se acostó.

(Sara ate dinner, did her homework and went to bed.)

Fuimos de compras, compramos la ropa y regresamos a casa.

(We went shopping the day, bought clothes and went home.)

SERIES OF EVENTS

B

O

L

T

S

Page 12: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

anocheayeranteayerun díala semana pasadael mes pasadoel año pasadoel lunes pasado

SOME KEY TRIGGER WORDS FOR THE PRETERITE

last nightyesterday

day before yesterdayone daylast weeklast monthlast yearlast (Monday, Tuesday, etc….)

Page 13: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

luegodespuésentoncesde repenteinmediatamenteanything else that has a “mente” attached to the end

that provokes a rapid response within a story (don’t confuse with the ones mentioned in the imperfect tense)

MORE TRIGGERS FOR THE PRETERITE

thenafter (afterwards)then, after thatsuddenlyimmediately

Page 14: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

U—“used to”B—background informationO—ongoing actionsA—ageT—tiempo (time and weather)

EL IMPERFECTO

Page 15: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosYo siempre jugaba al fútbol cuando era niño.

(I would always play/I always played soccer when I was a kid.)

Mi hermano iba a la primaria de Greenman.

(My brother used to go to Greenman Elementary.)

USED TO DO SOMETHING

U

B

O

A

T

Page 16: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosEl príncipe era muy valiente. The prince was very brave.

Había mucha gente allí. There were a lot of people there.

*había = there was/there were (past of “hay”; from “haber”)

BACKGROUND INFO

U

B

O

A

T

Page 17: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosElla estudiaba mientras yo tomía una siesta.

She was studying while I was taking a nap.

Nosotros jugábamos fútbol cuando empezó a llover.

We were playing soccer when it started to rain.

ONGOING ACTIONS

U

B

O

A

T

Page 18: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosRemember we use the verb TENER to talk

about age!Yo era muy bajo cuando tenía 4 años. I was really short when I was four.

Mis primos tenían 6 y 8 años. My cousins are 6 and 8 years old.

AGE (LA EDAD)

U

B

O

A

T

Page 19: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

EjemplosEran las dos cuando llegamos. It was 2:00 when we arrived.

Hacía frío y llovía. It was cold and raining.

TIEMPO (TIME AND WEATHER)

U

B

O

A

T

Page 20: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

siemprenuncaUsualmentenormalmentecada (año, verano)todos los díasmientraslos lunesgeneralmentecon frecuencia

SOME KEY TRIGGER WORDS FOR THE IMPERFECT

alwaysnever

usuallynormallyeach/every (year, summer)every day

whileon…(Mondays)generally

frequently

Page 21: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

VERB ENDINGS: PRETERITE

-AR -ER/-IR

é

aste

ó

amos

asteis

aron

í

iste

imos

isteis

ieron

Page 22: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

VERB ENDINGS: IMPERFECT

-AR -ER/-IR

aba

abas

aba

ábamos

abais

aban

ía

ías

ía

íamos

íais

ían

Page 23: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

PRACTICA: PARTE 1

I

P

P

I

I

P

I

P

P

I

P

I

hablar; él/ella

decir; yo

ir/ser; ellos

ir; ellos

ver; tú

dar; yo

comer; nosotros

comer; nosotros

tener; tú

ser; tú

hacer; él/ella

trabajar; yo/él/ella

Page 24: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

Choose whether the following statements would be considered preterite or imperfect in Spanish:

I went to the store last night.

She used to play with dolls.

They would always eat early.

We cooked dinner at 5:00.

You made cookies yesterday.

When I was 5, I ate cookies every day.

PRACTICA: PARTE 2

PRETERITE

IMPERFECT

IMPERFECT

PRETERITE

PRETERITE

IMPERFECT

Page 25: Preterite vs.  Imperfect

1. Yo ________________ (ir) a la tienda anoche. _____2. Ella ________________ (jugar) con las muñecas cuando

era niña. _____3. Ellos siempre ________________ (comer) temprano.

_____4. Nosotros ________________ (preparar) la cena a las

cinco. _____5. Tú ________________ (hacer) galletas ayer. _____6. Cuando yo ________________ (tener) 5 años,

________________ (comer) las galletas todos los días. _____

PRACTICA: PARTE 3fue O

jugabaU

comíanO

preparamosO

hiciste Otenía

A / Ucomía