preterite up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular...

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Preterite Preterite Up to now we’ve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs are in the simple present or present progressive.

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Page 1: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

PreteritePreterite

Up to now we’ve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs are in the simple present or present progressive.

Page 2: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

PreteritePreterite

Next we’re going to learn how to talk about the past in Spanish. One way is to talk about an action that started and finished in the past. This tense is called the preterite.

Page 3: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

PreteritePreterite

In English, a preterite form looks like this:

– walk > walked– play > played– say > said– drive > drove– be > was, were

Some are regular (predictable): play > played

Others are irregular (unpredictable): go > went

Page 4: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

PreteritePreterite

In this presentation, we’ll look at the regular preterite endings.

Here’s a typical one:– yo hablé– tú hablaste– él habló– nosotros hablamos– ellos hablaron

Page 5: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

FormsForms

The endings for –AR verbs are:– yo - é– tú - aste– él - ó– nosotros - amos– ellos - aron

Notice the accent marks on the yo and él forms. They are very important!

Also notice that the nosotros form is the same in both the present and the preterite.

Page 6: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Let’s Practice!Let’s Practice!

Charlar– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 7: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

CharlarCharlar

yo charlé tú charlaste él charló nosotros charlamos ellos charlaron

Page 8: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Otro verbo, por favor!Otro verbo, por favor!

Cenar– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 9: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

CenarCenar

yo cené tú cenaste él cenó nosotros cenamos ellos cenaron

Page 10: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

And now, a few trickier ones…And now, a few trickier ones…

sacar– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 11: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

SacarSacar

yo saqué tú sacaste él sacó nosotros sacamos ellos sacaron

Verbs whose bases end in –car make a spelling change in the yo form only: cé > qué

It’s a spelling change to retain the original pronunciation.

Page 12: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Otro verbo semejante…Otro verbo semejante…

pagar– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 13: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

PagarPagar

yo pagué tú pagaste él pagó nosotros pagamos ellos pagaron

Verbs whose bases end in –gar make a spelling change in the yo form only: gé > gué

Page 14: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Un grupo mUn grupo más…ás…

almorzar– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 15: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

AlmorzarAlmorzar

yo almorcé tú almorzaste él almorzó nosotros almorzamos ellos almorzaron

Verbs whose bases end in –zar make a spelling change in the yo form only: zé > cé

Page 16: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Almorzar (o > ue)Almorzar (o > ue)

yo almorcé tú almorzaste él almorzó nosotros almorzamos ellos almorzaron

Almorzar is a stem-changing verb, but stem-changers in –ar and –er do not change in the preterite.

Page 17: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Seriously?Seriously?

Try this one! Comenzar (e > ie)

– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 18: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Comenzar (e > ie)Comenzar (e > ie)

yo comencé tú comenzaste él comenzó nosotros comenzamos ellos comenzaron

Page 19: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

OK, how about the reflexives?OK, how about the reflexives?

sentarse (e > ie)– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 20: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Sentarse (e > ie)Sentarse (e > ie)

yo me senté tú te sentaste él se sentó nosotros nos sentamos ellos se sentaron

Reflexive verbs change in the very same way. Just don’t forget the reflexive pronoun before the main verb.

Page 21: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

What about –ER & –IR verbs?What about –ER & –IR verbs?

The endings are identical for –er & -ir: Comer

– yo comí– tú comiste– él comió– nosotros comimos– ellos comieron

Escribir– yo escribí– tú escribiste– él escribió– nosotros escribimos– ellos escribieron

Page 22: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Take a closer look!Take a closer look!

-ar -er / -ir -é -í -aste -iste -ó -ió -amos -imos -aron -ieron

The endings are very similar, except that the –er/-ir verb endings always contain an –i- and the –ar verb endings never do.

Page 23: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Let’s practice!Let’s practice!

Conocer– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 24: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

ConocerConocer

– yo conocí– tú conociste– él conoció– nosotros conocimos– ellos conocieron

Page 25: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Otro verbo, por favor!Otro verbo, por favor!

Recibir– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 26: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

RecibirRecibir

– yo recibí– tú recibiste– él recibió– nosotros recibimos– ellos recibieron

Page 27: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

A ver!A ver!

The verb ver is a little bit unusual because it does not take accent marks:

– yo vi– tú viste– él vio– nosotros vimos– ellos vieron

Page 28: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Volver (o > ue)Volver (o > ue)

– yo _______– tú _______– él _______– nosotros _______– ellos _______

Page 29: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Volver (o > ue)Volver (o > ue)

– yo volví– tú volviste– él volvió– nosotros volvimos– ellos volvieron

– Stem-changing –er verbs do not change in the preterite!

Page 30: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

And stem-changing –IR verbs?And stem-changing –IR verbs?

Do you remember that –ir verbs are special in the –ndo form because they make a vowel change?

– dormir (o > ue) >> durmiendo– servir (e > i) >> sirviendo– preferir (e > ie) >> prefiriendo

Well, guess what? They change in the él/ellos form only:

– yo dormí– tú dormiste– él durmió– nosotros dormimos– ellos durmieron

Page 31: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Another exampleAnother example

Vestirse (e > i)– yo me vestí– tú te vestiste– él se vistió– nosotros nos vestimos– ellos se vistieron

Page 32: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Un momento, por favor…Un momento, por favor…

Here are three more: Pedir (e > i)

– él pidió– ellos pidieron

Preferir (e > ie)– él prefirió– ellos prefirieron

Servir (e > i)– él sirvió– ellos sirvieron

Page 33: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Let’s practice!Let’s practice!

Gloria ______ (llegar) a la oficina a las 8 y ______ (empezar) a trabajar. Primero, _______ (terminar) una carta. Después, _______ (escribir) un informe. Luego, _____ (pedir) el almuerzo.

Page 34: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

QuQué tal salió?é tal salió?

Gloria llegó a la oficina a las 8 y empezó a trabajar. Primero, terminó una carta. Después, escribió un informe. Luego, pidió el almuerzo.

Page 35: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

Uno mUno más, por favor!ás, por favor!

Tú ______ (salir) de casa a las 7,30, ______ (llegar) a la oficina a las 8, y ______ (comenzar) a trabajar. Primero, _______ (leer) varias cartas. Después, _______ (escribir) un informe. Luego, _____ (pedir) el almuerzo. Por fin, ________ (ver) a muchas personas y ________ (hablar) con ellas. _________ (volver) a casa a las 4,30

Page 36: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

QuQué tal salió?é tal salió?

Tú saliste de casa a las 7,30, llegaste a la oficina a las 8, y comenzaste a trabajar. Primero, leiste varias cartas. Después, escribiste un informe. Luego, pediste el almuerzo. Por fin, viste a muchas personas y hablaste con ellas. Volviste a casa a las 4,30.

Page 37: Preterite Up to now weve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs

That’s all, folks!That’s all, folks!

Now you are ready to work on the irregular preterite verb forms.