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Explore Detroit Region Explore Detroit Region Trip Chaining BehaviorTrip Chaining Behavior

Presented byPresented by

Liyang Feng & Jilan ChenLiyang Feng & Jilan ChenSoutheast Michigan Council of GovernmentsSoutheast Michigan Council of Governments

The 12The 12thth TRB Transportation Planning Applications Conference TRB Transportation Planning Applications Conference Houston, TXHouston, TXMay 17-21, 2009May 17-21, 2009

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SEMCOG Region in 2005SEMCOG Region in 2005

• Seven counties: Wayne, Washtenaw, Oakland, Seven counties: Wayne, Washtenaw, Oakland, Macomb, Livingston, St. Clair, and MonroeMacomb, Livingston, St. Clair, and Monroe

• Employment: 2.16 millionsEmployment: 2.16 millions• Population: 4.83 millionsPopulation: 4.83 millions• Households: 1.85 millions Population:Households: 1.85 millions Population:• Estimated week day vehicle trips: 18.0 millionsEstimated week day vehicle trips: 18.0 millions• Regional VMT: 137.5 millionsRegional VMT: 137.5 millions

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Challenges in Challenges in SEMCOG RegionSEMCOG Region

• Declining manufactory industryDeclining manufactory industry

• Higher unemployment rate (7.6% vs. Higher unemployment rate (7.6% vs. 11.6%)11.6%)

• Declining housing marketDeclining housing market

• Declining regional travelDeclining regional travel

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Manufacturing EmploymentManufacturing Employment

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Total Wage/Salary EmploymentTotal Wage/Salary Employment

(-341,300, or -14.2%)

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Regional VMT 2002-2008Regional VMT 2002-2008

• Average daily VMT reduced 8.6%Average daily VMT reduced 8.6%

• Average weekday traffic reduced 7.5%Average weekday traffic reduced 7.5%

• 2007-2008 average traffic reduced 2007-2008 average traffic reduced 2.7%2.7%

• Traffic declined more over the Traffic declined more over the weekendsweekends

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2005 Regional Travel Survey2005 Regional Travel Survey

• Part of the Michigan statewide travel Part of the Michigan statewide travel behavior data collection effort.behavior data collection effort.

• Covered SEMCOG seven county regionCovered SEMCOG seven county region

• 6,000 HHs plus 600 transit oriented HHs 6,000 HHs plus 600 transit oriented HHs surveyedsurveyed

• Activity based survey for future needsActivity based survey for future needs

• Completed in mid-2005Completed in mid-2005

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Survey Data ApplicationsSurvey Data Applications

• Support current modeling needs:Support current modeling needs:

– refresh existing travel models refresh existing travel models (E5 version)(E5 version)

– Improve transit and mode choice models Improve transit and mode choice models (E6 version) (E6 version)

• Provide regional travel behavior snapshotProvide regional travel behavior snapshot

• Prepare for future ABM developmentPrepare for future ABM development

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Prepare for Activity Based Prepare for Activity Based ModelingModeling

• Explore general travel characteristicsExplore general travel characteristics

• Explore trip chaining Explore trip chaining characteristicscharacteristics

• How Detroit region differs from How Detroit region differs from other metro areaother metro area

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Trip and Tour DefinitionTrip and Tour Definition

• Three basic trip definition: HBW, Three basic trip definition: HBW, HBO, NHBHBO, NHB

• Tour definition: Tour, Sub TourTour definition: Tour, Sub Tour

• Primary mode of tourPrimary mode of tour

• Primary destinationPrimary destination

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Tour PatternTour Pattern

Home

Social

Eat Meal

Shop

Work

7 6

1

5 4

2

3

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Mode and DestinationMode and Destination

• Primary mode: School bus, Park & Primary mode: School bus, Park & Ride, W-Transit, Drive alone, Shared Ride, W-Transit, Drive alone, Shared 2/3+, Bike, Walk, Other2/3+, Bike, Walk, Other

• Primary destination: decision tree Primary destination: decision tree includes place, activity and timeincludes place, activity and time

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Analysis ReferenceAnalysis Reference

• Reference data provided by DRCOGReference data provided by DRCOG

• Denver Regional 1996 TBI: Activity based Denver Regional 1996 TBI: Activity based survey with 4,166 HHs plus 667 transit survey with 4,166 HHs plus 667 transit focused HHsfocused HHs

• Different in population, area size and Different in population, area size and employment, and industriesemployment, and industries

• Similar in survey designSimilar in survey design

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Analysis Reference (cont.)Analysis Reference (cont.)

• Different RegionsDifferent Regions

– population: 4.8 m Vs. 1.8 mpopulation: 4.8 m Vs. 1.8 m

– Households: 2.0 m Vs. 0.9 mHouseholds: 2.0 m Vs. 0.9 m

– industriesindustries

• Similar in survey designSimilar in survey design

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Data ProcessingData Processing

• Maintained similar variable definition Maintained similar variable definition

• Maintained same tour and sub-tour Maintained same tour and sub-tour definitiondefinition

• Adopted same primary mode of tour Adopted same primary mode of tour and primary destination definition and primary destination definition logic.logic.

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Number of Trips Per TourNumber of Trips Per Tour

DRCOG 1996 SEMCOG 2005# of Trips Count ExpandedTotal Percent Count ExpandedTotal Percent

1 252 50,476 1.6% 507 181,111 2.6%

2 10,505 1,959,111 60.8% 12,163 4,114,918 59.7%

3 3,370 642,100 19.9% 4,158 1,376,893 20.0%

4 1,700 305,873 9.5% 2,123 688,824 10.0%

5 710 123,485 3.8% 876 275,549 4.0%

6 329 74,005 2.3% 418 133,884 1.9%

7 159 27,522 0.9% 194 62,631 0.9%

8 87 22,140 0.7% 111 36,464 0.5%

9 48 10,558 0.3% 35 10,973 0.2%

10 + 49 8,257 0.3% 54 17,150 0.2%

Total 17,209 3,223,526 100.0% 20,639 6,898,397 100.0%

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Location of Primary Location of Primary DestinationDestination

DRCOG 1996PrimaryPlace Count ExpandedTotal Percent

Other 11,774 2,253,430 69.9%Workplace 5,167 914,663 28.4%Out-of-Area 268 55,432 1.7%Total 17,209 3,223,525 100.0%

SEMCOG 2005PrimaryPlace Count ExpandedTotal PercentOther 15,519 5,247,581 76.1%Workplace 4,596 1,535,988 22.3%Out-of-Area 524 114,828 1.7%Total 20,639 6,898,397 100.0%

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Activity at Primary Activity at Primary DestinationDestination

SEMCOG 2005 DRCOG 1996PrimaryActivity Count ExpandedTotal Percent Count ExpandedTotal Percent

Work 4,770 1,578,104 22.9% 5,859 1,060,271 32.9%Personal Bus/Med/Prof 2,817 902,838 13.1% 1,722 298,258 9.3%Pickup/Dropoff 2,577 918,041 13.3% 1,342 268,781 8.3%School/College 2,523 899,079 13.0% 2,311 514,967 16.0%Shopping: Major/Every Day 2,298 736,267 10.7% 2,117 386,200 12.0%Eat Out 1,253 400,355 5.8% 1,227 207,646 6.4%Social/Recreation/visiting 2,107 678,985 9.8% 2,193 395,948 12.3%Childcare 188 68,508 1.0% 13 4,507 0.1%Religious/Commu 647 203,613 3.0% 336 66,407 2.1%Other 1,459 512,607 7.4% 89 20,540 0.6%

20,639 6,898,397 100.0% 17,209 3,223,525 100.0%

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Primary Mode of TourPrimary Mode of Tour

DRCOG 1996 SEMCOG 2005PrimaryMode Count ExpandedTotal Percent Count ExpandedTotal Percent

Drive Alone 8,812 1,667,803 51.7% 11,506 3,701,959 53.7%Shared Ride 2 3,465 684,613 21.2% 4,421 1,479,997 21.5%Shared Ride 3+ 1,881 408,011 12.7% 2,410 898,720 13.0%Walk 1,215 214,856 6.7% 758 285,996 4.1%School Bus 531 119,257 3.7% 937 309,323 4.5%Transit-Walk 883 86,126 2.7% 392 145,327 2.1%Bicycle 146 24,350 0.8% 110 38,054 0.6%Transit-PNR/KNR 263 17,679 0.5% 15 5,002 0.1%Other 13 831 0.0% 90 34,019 0.5%Total 17,209 3,223,525 100.0% 20,639 6,898,397 100.0%

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Duration of Primary ActivityDuration of Primary Activity

DRCOG 1996 SEMCOG 2005Duration Count ExpandedTotal Percent Count ExpandedTotal Percent

Start or End of Day 328 70,767 2.2% 525 187,013 2.7%0-4 Min 688 137,818 4.3% 1,772 621,966 9.0%5-14 Min 1,083 219,499 6.8% 3,038 1,017,660 14.8%

15-29 Min 1,034 188,484 5.8% 1,831 594,064 8.6%30-59 Min 1,916 313,288 9.7% 2,480 809,295 11.7%

60-119 Min (1-2 hrs) 2,456 436,746 13.5% 2,847 922,178 13.4%120-239 Min (2-4 hrs) 2,793 496,676 15.4% 2,248 732,336 10.6%240-479 Min (4-8 hrs) 3,819 811,422 25.2% 3,263 1,127,648 16.3%

480 + Min (8+ hrs) 3,092 548,824 17.0% 2,635 886,237 12.8%Total 17,209 3,223,525 100.0% 20,639 6,898,397 100.0%

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Starting Place and Primary Starting Place and Primary DestinationDestination

DRCOG 1996 Primary PlaceStarting Pace Out-of-Area Workplace Other Total

Home 1.2% 29.9% 68.8% 100.00%Out-of-Area 100.0% 100.00%Workplace 2.1% 9.2% 88.7% 100.00%Other 1.2% 27.4% 71.4% 100.00%Total 1.7% 28.4% 69.9% 100.00%

SEMCOG 2005 Primary PlaceStarting Pace Out-of-Area Workplace Other Total

Home 1.4% 22.8% 75.8% 100.0%Out-of-Area 58.7% 5.8% 35.5% 100.0%Workplace 3.1% 14.3% 82.6% 100.0%Other 5.3% 8.8% 85.9% 100.0%Total 1.7% 22.3% 76.1% 100.0%

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Initial FindingsInitial Findings

• Two regions are almost identical on the Two regions are almost identical on the distribution of primary mode of tour, and distribution of primary mode of tour, and the distribution of number of trips per tourthe distribution of number of trips per tour

• Activities at primary destination are similar Activities at primary destination are similar except for work activities. Detroit region except for work activities. Detroit region has lower % than Denver regionhas lower % than Denver region

• Duration of activities show a different Duration of activities show a different distributiondistribution

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ABM ImplicationsABM Implications

• Transferable model parametersTransferable model parameters

• More efficient surveysMore efficient surveys

• More efficient model development More efficient model development processprocess

• Common platformsCommon platforms

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Next StepsNext Steps

• Explore and compare other travel Explore and compare other travel characteristics in the regions, such as characteristics in the regions, such as primary activities and number of trips primary activities and number of trips distribution, temporal distribution of distribution, temporal distribution of tours and activitiestours and activities

• Compare 2005 survey to SEMCOG Compare 2005 survey to SEMCOG 1994 HH survey.1994 HH survey.

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Thank You Very MuchThank You Very Much