presentation on wildlife conservation

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Wildlife Conservation Submitted By:- Kamlesh – 181 Shivam - 209 Aakash - 199 Abhijeet - 195 Shivam - 193

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Page 1: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Wildlife Conservation

Submitted By:-Kamlesh – 181Shivam - 209Aakash - 199Abhijeet - 195Shivam - 193

Page 2: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

The Constitution of India [Article-51-A (g)]

- Fundamental Duties

It shall be the duty of every citizen of India,to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.

Page 3: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Introduction to Wildlife Conservation Wildlife:- According to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972, wildlife includes any animal, bees, butterfly, crustacean, fish and moth; and aquatic or land vegetation, which form part of any habitat.

Therefore, wildlife refers to living organisms (flora and fauna) in their natural habitats.

Examples includes: Lion, Deer, Crocodiles, Whales, Trees and Shrubs in Dense Forests etc.

Wildlife Conservation:- Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting endangered plant and wild animal species and their habitats.

Cultivated plants and domesticated animals are not included in wildlife!

Page 4: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Facts Relating to Wildlife In the world, 1072 animal species are considered endangered or threatened,

748 plant species are listed as well. Over 100 years ago, there were over 1 lakh tigers across Asia whereas today

this number is below 5000 worldwide. More than 75,000 deer are killed in New York every year by vehicle collisions. In January 2013, the fish and wildlife services reported 2054 species

worldwide that are threatened. 1436 exist in the US alone. As estimated, 50% of all endangered species live in the rainforest. The

planet’s largest rainforest - The Amazon – lost more than 17% of its forest cover in the last century due to human activity.

According to one study, India along with 17 mega diverse countries is home to about 60-70% of the world's biodiversity

Page 5: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Indian Wildlife The Wildlife in India is a mix of species of different types of

organisms.

It is home to tigers, lions, leopards, snow leopards, pythons, wolves, foxes, bears, crocodiles, rhinoceroses, camels, wild dogs, monkeys, snakes, antelope species, deer species etc.

The region's rich and diverse wildlife is preserved in 89 national parks. 13 Bio reserves and 400+ wildlife sanctuaries across the country. India has some of the most biodiversity regions of the world and hosts three of the world’s 34 biodiversity hotspots.

Page 6: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Importance Of Wildlife Conservations

Wildlife is an essential component of various food chains, food webs, biogeochemical cycles and energy flow through various trophic levels.

Large and charismatic mammals are important for wildlife tourism in India, and several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries cater to these needs.

Preserves vitality and health of environment and provides stability to various ecosystems.

Wild life contributes to the maintenance of material cycles such as carbon and nitrogen cycles.

Wild life provides a number of useful products like food, medicine, honey, lac, wax, resin, etc.

Page 7: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Threats to Wildlife Habitat loss is the destruction of habitat. Humans are the main

cause for the loss of habitat. Wildlife that used to live there are usually displaced or killed. It

is the leading cause for the loss of species from extinction.

Climate Change or global warming is the overall increase in average temperatures on Earth.

The rate of warming has increased due to the increased outputs of greenhouse gases since the industrial revolution

Many species are already in jeopardy of becoming extinct, like the Polar bear.

Habitat Loss

Climate Change

Page 8: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Pollution is man-made waste or by-products that are released into the environment.

Pollutants can change ecosystems and can have severe effects on people, wildlife and the natural environment.

Many organisms ingest or absorb harmful toxins that ultimately get passed along through the food chain.

Accidental deaths and collisions pose considerable threats to vulnerable species.

An unknown number of deaths are caused by this worldwide.

Vehicles strike birds and other wildlife when driving along roads.

Pollution

Accidental Deaths

Page 9: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Illegal trapping, poaching, and other demands for wildlife are a huge problem throughout the world.

Many species are sought for their use as valuable products. Snakes are sought for their skins, elephants for their ivory tusks, and

birds for their feathers. In many parts of the world, people kill wildlife for food or to protect

their food source.

Wildlife trafficking is thought to be one of the most profitable illegal trades in the world.

Illegal Trapping and Poaching

Page 10: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

National Parks A national park is protected area of land in which a

typical ecosystem with all its wild plants and animals are protected and preserved in natural surroundings

As of April 2012, there were 102 national parks. Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand, established in 1936,

was the first national park in India. All national park lands then encompassed a total 39,919 km2,

comprising 1.21% of India's total surface area A total of 166 national parks have been authorized. Over 17 national parks and sanctuaries have been selected for

Project Tiger to protect and increase tiger population in India.

Page 11: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Important National Parks In India

Page 12: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Total Authorized National Parks – 166

National Park’s Area – 1.21%India’s 1st National Park - Hailey NP

(Jim Corbat National Park)

Page 13: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

National Symbols of India

National Animal – Tiger (Panthera Tigris)

National Heritage Animal of India – Elephant

National Aquatic Animal – Ganges River Dolphin

National Bird – Peacock

National Flower - Lotus

Page 14: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Wildlife Sanctuary A sanctuary is a protected are of land, wetland or sea

reserved for the conservation of wild animals, birds and plants.

India has 515 wildlife sanctuaries. Among these, 421 tiger reserves are governed by

Project Tiger These cover over 3% of India’s total geographical

area. Some wildlife sanctuaries are specifically named Bird

Sanctuary, e.g. Keoladeo National Park before attaining National Park status.

Page 15: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Important National Sanctuaries of India

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Page 17: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Biosphere Reserves A biosphere reserve is an area proposed by its residents,

ratified by a national committee, and designated by UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) program, which demonstrates innovative approaches to living and working in harmony with nature.

primary objectives of MAB is to achieve a sustainable balance between the goals of conserving biological diversity, promoting economic development, and maintaining associated cultural values.

The term ‘biosphere’ refers to all of the land, water and atmosphere that supply life on earth.

The word ‘reserve’ means that it is a special area recognized for balancing conservation with sustainable use.

Page 18: Presentation on Wildlife Conservation

Map of Biosphere Reserves of India

There are approximately 610 biosphere reserves located in 117 countries of the world.There are 18 biosphere reserves zones in India.9 of the 18 biosphere reserves are a part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list

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