PRESENTATION ON THE TOPIC OF SCIENTISTS OF ENGLAND.

ISAAC NEWTON

English physicist, mathematician and

astronomer, one of the founders of classical

physics. The author of the fundamental work

"the Mathematical principles of natural

philosophy". Developed differential and

integral calculus, theory of colour. Isaac

Newton was born on 25 December 1642 in

place Woolstore in Lincolnshire in a farmer's

family. At the age of 12 Newton began to

study in Grantski school, in 1661 he entered

the College of the Holy Trinity at Cambridge

University as subsizar (so called poor

students).

ALAN TURING

English mathematician, logician, and

cryptographer, which had a significant impact on

the development of Informatics. Alan Matheson

Turing was born in London in 1912 in the family

of an official of the Indian civil service. Interest

in science, and in particular to mathematics,

Alan Turing manifested itself early on in

elementary school and in the boarding house,

which he entered in 1926. Some characteristic

traits of a Mature Turing were evident even

then. As we approach a particular problem, it

started its solution with the basics. In 1931, at

the age of nineteen Turing as a mathematical

scholarship holder enrolled at the Royal College

of Cambridge University.

JOHN DALITON

English provincial teacher-taught chemist,

meteorologist and scientist. John Dalton was an

English chemist and physicist, founder of chemical

atomism. Established the law of multiple relations,

introduced the concept of "atomic weight", first

identified the atomic weights of several elements.

Opened a gas law named after him. First described

defect of vision, from which he suffered himself,

later called color blindness. John Dalton was born

on September 6, 1766 in a poor family in the

Northern English village Ilsfeld. From an early age

he had to help parents to support the family. In

thirteen years, he has completed training in the

local school and became a teacher's aide. But the

salary was meager, and John went in search of a

better life in Kendal.

JOSEPH JOHN THOMSON

English physicist who discovered the

electron, the Nobel prize in physics in 1906.

English physicist Joseph John Thomson was

born in Cheetham-hill, a suburb of

Manchester, in the family of Joseph James

and Emma. Because his father, a bookseller,

wanted the boy became an engineer, it at

the age of fourteen was sent to Owens

College (now Manchester University). But

two years later the father died, leaving his

son without funds. Nevertheless, he

continued his studies thanks to the financial

support of his mother and scholarship Fund.

ADAM SMITH

Scottish economist and philosopher of

ethics; one of the founders of modern

economic theory. Adam Smith was born on

5 June 1723 in the town of Kirkholt, located

near the capital of Scotland, Edinburgh,

the family customs officer Smith and his

second wife, Margaret Douglas, daughter

of major landlord (British landowner).

About the childhood of Smith little is

known, for example, that at the age of four,

he was kidnapped by Gypsies, but the

police found the kidnappers. Still it is

known that little Adam showed great

interest in the study and that from

childhood he was very absent-minded.

HOWARD CARTER

The famous English archaeologist and Egyptologist

who in 1922 in the Valley of the Kings near Luxor

opening of Tutankhamun's tomb , recognized as one

of the most decisive and the most famous events in

Egyptology. Howard Carter was born on 9 may 1874

in a provincial town Swaffham in Norfolk, England.

His father, Samuel Carter, being an artist, taught his

son the basics of drawing with pencil and ink. And

although Howard has developed skills and abilities

above the average, he had not the slightest desire to

continue the family business, drawing portraits of

families and Pets Norfolk local landowners.

Instead, Carter wanted to go to Egypt and work on

the Egyptian Research Fund draftsman-copier, you

have to redraw the drawings and inscriptions on

paper for future study.

ROBERT BOYLE

Physicist, chemist and theologian,

the seventh son of Richard Boyle,

Earl of University College Corkscoho,

nobles during Elizabeth English.

Robert Boyle was born 25 January

1627 in Lismore, Ireland, and

educated at Eton College and at the

Geneva Academy. After almost

continuously lived on his estate in

Stalbridge, and there spent his

chemical studies for 12 years. In

1656, Boyle moved to Oxford, and in

1668 he moves to London.