PRESENTATION

NATIONAL AMERICAN INDIAN HERITAGE MONTH

We are all related!Introduction - !!!Mitakuye oyasin!!!

• This learning asset will be a combination of instructor narration and student interactivity. The objective of this presentation is to teach the students that the significance of Native American Heritage Month is for American Indians everywhere to show “Pride in their heritage and honor to their ancestors”, as well as a few of the many contributions and accomplishments Native American Indians celebrate during National Heritage Month in November.

• Students will be given quizzes, i.e., match, fill in the blank, and an essay, during the presentation. Correct responses will be given smiley faces and golden stars while incorrect responses will be rewarded with sad faces and red stars. They will be asked to raise their hands to respond to the statements and to write their responses on a separate sheet of paper that will be submitted to the instructor at the end of the presentation.

• Students will also have an opportunity to question, comment, criticize, and give feedback, after the presentation in order for the instructor to verify that they are absorbing, understanding, and retaining the information. So, let’s get started.

• A timeline which is shown on slide #3, is a listing of some important historical events associated with Native American Indians. Slide #4 is a matching quiz that will be given to help the instructor see what areas are being comprehended and what areas, if any, need to be improved.

HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS

Indian Removal Act passed by Congress

The Trail of Tears Battle of Little Big Horn

Crazy Horse Memorial

Wilma Mankiller Native American Heritage Month

1830 1838-1839 1876 1948 1985-1995 2009

Legalized removal of all Indians east of the Mississppi River to lands west of the Mississippi River

Forced Removal of 17,000-20,000 Cherokee Indians from Georgia

Indians defeated Custer at Little Big Horn. The uprising was sparked by miners invading the Black Hills for gold.

Sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski and Lakota Indian Chief Henry Standing Bear officially started Crazy Horse Memorial in South Dakota

The first woman to be elected Chief of the Cherokee Nation, Tahlequah, Oklahoma.

1990 President George H.W. Bush approved a joint resolution designating November,1990 “National American Heritage Month”

ASSOCIATE THE PICTURE WITH THE EVENT

CORRECT RESPONSE

HIP, HIP, HOORAY!!! You are correct.

INCORRECT RESPONSE

WHAT PROBLEMS DID YOU ENCOUNTER MATCHING THE PICTURES

SORRY – THE RESPONSE IS INCORRECT –

HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS (cont’d)

• 1500: The Native American population of sixty million declines to approximately one million by the year 1900.

• 1607: First permanent English colony established at Jamestown, Virginia.

• 1622: First Indian uprising in an English colony.

• 1638: First Reservations established by Puritans near New Haven, Connecticut.

• 1778: Continental Congress made the first treaty with Indians (Delawares).

• 1830: Indian Removal Act passed which legalized the removal of all Indians east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the Mississippi River.

HISTORICAL TIMELINE OF NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS (cont;d)

• 1890: The Wounded Knee Massacre, which was originally referred to by the United States (U.S.) army as the Battle of Wounded Knee, is considered the last battle between white soldiers and Native American Indians.

• 1924: All Native American Indians declared citizens of the U.S.• 1934: Wheeler-Howard Act was passed to protect the Native

American Indian culture.• 1990: President George H.W. Bush approved a joint resolution

designating November,1990 “National American Indian Heritage Month”.

Miniconjou Chief Big FootWounded Knee Massacre

HISTORICAL TIMELINE PRETEST

On a separate sheet of paper, write down the following sentences and fill in the blanks:

1. The Indian Removal Act was passed in ______.

2. In 1607, the first permanent English colony was established at ____________________.

3. National American Heritage month is celebrated in __________________.

4. The Wounded Knee Massacre was originally referred to as the ________________________ by United States army.

5. All Native American Indians were declared citizens of the United States in _____________.

Answers to the above sentences can be foundon slides 7 and 8

CORRECT RESPONSE

GOLDEN STAR

REACH FOR THE STARS

INCORRECT RESPONSEResponses to fill in the blanks quiz wereoutstanding and showed only a few of thestudents with a need for improvement

Never Give Up

ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS

First American Indian NASA Astronaut• John Bennett Herrington

November 23-December 07, 2002

• In WW II, A communications code was utilized the Japanese

couldn’t break .

• Code talkers’ messages were strings of seemingly unrelated Navajo

words. Each word would be translated into English, and the message

was deciphered by using only the first letter of each English word.

• There were 379 American Indian code talkers’ who served in WWII.

WWII American IndianCode Talkers

ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS (cont’d)

• Admiral Joseph J. Clark (JJ), Cherokee

Decorated with the Navy Cross, Distinguished

Service Medal, Silver Star, Legion of Merit,

Navy Commendation Medal, & Korean Order

of Military Merit

• PFC Lori Piestewa, 23, was the first American

Indian (Hopi) to die in combat during the

Iraqi conflict. She was the daughter of a

Vietnam veteran and the granddaughter of

a World War I veteran.

ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF NATIVE AMERICAN INDIANS (cont’d)

Native American Indians who received the

Medal of Honor are:

• Jack C. Montgomery, Army (Cherokee)• Ernest Childers, Army (Creek)• Van Barfoot, Army (Choctaw)• Mitchell Red Cloud, Jr., Army (Winnebago)• Charles George, Army (Cherokee)

TODAY, more than 35,000 Native Americans serve in the U.S. military.

ESSAY

• On a separate sheet of paper, write a paragraph about some of the accomplishments of Native American Indians; or

• Write a paragraph about the presentation and include the following information:• What did you like/not like about the

presentation?• What do you think needs to be changed?

CONCLUSION

• What started at the turn of the century as an effort to gain a day of recognition for the significant contributions the first Americans made to the establishment and growth of the U.S., has resulted in a whole month being designated for that purpose.

• One of the very proponents of an American Indian Day was Dr. Arthur C. Parker, a Seneca Indian, who was the director of the Museum of Arts and Science in Rochester, N.Y. He persuaded the Boy Scouts of America to set aside a day for the "First Americans" and for three years they adopted such a day.

• In 1915, the annual Congress of the American Indian Association meeting in Lawrence, Kansas, formally approved a plan concerning American Indian Day. It directed its president, Rev. Sherman Coolidge, an Arapahoe, to call upon the country to observe such a day.

CONCLUSION (cont’d)

• The year before this proclamation was issued, Red Fox James, a Blackfoot Indian, rode horseback from state to state seeking approval for a day to honor Indians. On December 14, 1915, he presented the endorsements of 24 state governments at the White House. There is no record, however, of such a national day being proclaimed.

• Coolidge issued a proclamation on Sept. 28, 1915, which declared the second Saturday of each May as an American Indian Day and contained the first formal appeal for recognition of Indians as citizens.

• The first American Indian Day in a state was declared on the second Saturday in May 1916 by the governor of New York. Several states celebrate the fourth Friday in September.

• In Illinois, for example, legislators enacted such a day in 1919.

CONCLUSION (cont’d)• Presently, several states have designated Columbus Day as Native

American Day, but it continues to be a day Native American Indians observe without any recognition as a national legal holiday.

• In 1990 President George H. W. Bush approved a joint resolution designating November 1990 "National American Indian Heritage Month." Similar proclamations have been issued each year since 1994.

• The Smithsonian Institution celebrates American Indian Heritage month with more than forty events that include films, performances, talks, tours, and demonstrations.

• The National Museum of the American Indian is committed to advancing knowledge and understanding of the Native cultures of the Western Hemisphere, past, present, and future, through partnership with Native American people and others.

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