Present Perfect TenseSummer has already

arrived5th grade

Present Perfect TenseFORM: have/has + past participle

Affirmative: I have seen the film before.• She has seen the film before.

Interrogative: Have you seen the film before?

Has she seen the film before?Negative: They haven’t seen the film before! He hasn’t seen that film before!

Present Perfect TenseUse of the present perfect tense

1- Recent events: It is used to describe recent events without a definite time. We use just in positive sentences to say that something happened very recently.

Why are they so happy?

They have just won a prize so they are really paseed

Present Perfect Tense2- Personal experiences: It is used to

express personal experiences, there is not a definite time given. The time expressions ever and never are very often used with this meaning.

Have you ever been to Japan?No, I never been to Japan.

Present Perfect Tense3- It is used to express actions which

started in the past and are still continuing in the present, the time period is not finished.

I have lost my keys.(And I haven’t found them yet.)

Present Perfect TenseWe often use the present perfect tense with already

and yet.

Already: Something happened before now or earlier that expected

You can use already in positive sentences. Put already before the main verb.

Yet: until now.You can use yet in negative sentences and questions.

Yet is usually at the end.Example: A)Have you done your homework yet?

B) No, I haven’t done my homework yet.

Note the differenceThey have gone to the cinema. ( This means

they haven-t come back yet. They are still at the cinema)

She has been to London. (This means that she has visited London: she’s not there now. She’s come back.)

Contrast between Present Perfect and Past Simple

We use definite expressions with the Past simple tense: yesterday, last week,…ago, etc, while we don’t use definite time expressions with the Present perfect tense.

I have been to France three times.

When did you go there?I went there last Summer

Look at this conversation:

A) Have you ever been to USA?B) Yes, I have.A) When did you go there?B) I went to New York I 1996.

Now ask and answer questions as the example:

Plant a tree (Where)Meet a politician (Who)

Present Perfect + SuperlativeWe often use a superlative with the present

perfect. That is the smallest house I have ever

seen.Make sentences as in the example.

It/ noisy city/ I be to He/ interesting person/ meet It/ bad book/ I/ read