present and future innovations in solid waste management in malaysia

Present and Future Innovations in Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Malaysia

(ER1515220)

By: Zaipul Anwar Zainu Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology,

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

International Conference onWaste Management, Ecology & Biological Sciences

Kuala Lumpur 13-14 May 2015

Download/Stream this presentation at http://zaipul.com using your smartphone

Challenges in Solid Waste Management (SWM) in Malaysia

Challenging task due to:-Rapid Development.

Industrialisation.Increase in Population.

Complexity of type of waste generated.

Many landfill sites almost coming towards the end of its lifecycle

Price of land significantly increase.New type of waste such as e-waste becoming new

threats

Therefore new innovations in the approach towards managing solid waste are greatly needed

Amount of Waste Generated

Average per-capita waste generated/person0.85 kg/person/day

1.5 kg/person/day (major cities)

Main approach to waste management is still using landfill

Looking for alternatives to landfill

Current Practice of SWM in Malaysia

Solidwaste

Industrial waste

Clinical waste

Municipal waste

Hazardous waste

• In general, waste management in Malaysia involves collection, transportation, segregation, treatment and disposal of organic, recyclable and inert waste.

• Waste are treated by filling the land-site, incineration, recycling and composting.

Logistic and Collection

• Separation at source between recyclables and non-recyclables are done on voluntary basis by Malaysians

• Collection mechanism done by contractors appointed by Local Authorities. A two plus one (2 + 1) collection system: 2 days for residual and 1 day for recyclable waste

• This year the government will make it compulsory for Malaysian household to separate the waste at source

Segregation, treatment, recycle and disposal

• Wastes generated are segregated, treated whenever needed and then recycled or disposed off at 165 disposal sites all over the country which cater up to 95% of Malaysian waste .

• However, about 80% of these open dumps have almost reached full capacity and are expected to be shut down over the next few years

Approved Land-fill Sites in Malaysia, 2013

We already have too many land fill site, and 80% of them have reached it’s useful life also. It is high time for us to seriously think about recycling our waste

materials effectively.

80% have reached maximum useful life!

Current Challenges in SWM in Malaysia

LANDFILL. Authorities in major cities in Malaysia are studying other waste management approaches. Among them is an approach to move away from unsanitary landfills

INCINERATION is the second mostly used method to manage waste in Malaysia. It is one of the most effective means of dealing with various types of wastes.

INCREASING COST. 40% - 80% of Local Authority expenditure is on managing solid waste and public cleansing. In this situation, LA is in most cases incapable of responding to this high cost expenditure, so government outsource.

PUBLIC AWARENESS. The government has launched several recycling campaigns since the early years of 2000 to involve the participation of NGOs and community groups, unfortunately not that successful.

Future Sustainable Innovations in SWM

The fastest growing hazardous solid waste in Malaysia currently is the e-waste (electrical and electronic waste). These e-wastes have the potential to leach out into landfills and will contaminate the surface and ground water.

Malaysian government has introduced the first e-waste law in Malaysia – the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations 2005. However the law focuses only on industrial, institutions and business entities generated e-waste. But until today there are no regulations or institutionalised system to manage household generated e-waste.

Emerging Hazardous Waste Challenge

Malaysia among top 5 nations in the world with highest smartphone usage

Malaysia is one of the 5 countries around the globe where smartphone usage is higher than computers. 51% of Malaysians use smartphones compared to the 39% that use computers. China, Hong Kong, Singapore and South Korea are the other countries in Asia that have the same trend according to survey done by Google at http://consumerbarometer.com. And each user of smartphones in Malaysia in average own 1.2 device/person

Consumer Barometer Result:


Lack of regulations and guidelines are one of the most serious problems that hinder the success of 3R programme, reduce, reuse and recycling programme in Malaysia

Recycling activities need to be regulated to improve the recycling percentage among Malaysians

Reduce, Reuse and Recycling (3R) programme


Future planning Development of human capital and infrastructure that will deal with waste need to be develop.

These are necessary to acquire expertise to carry out the task of waste management in the various municipalities effectively and efficiently.

Enhancement of infrastructure and human resource management


This is a factor that could defy a good strategy to manage solid waste in this country. In other words, at the moment the there is no DSS that has been developed for current waste management system.

Successful waste management in any given country depends on reliable information about quantities, types, and the amount of material that can be captured and expected to envisage proper decision making in the future.

Implementation of Decision Support System


Emerging technology such as using thermal plasma waste treatment method that employs pyrolysis and/or gasification are available and looks promising but viability of the method needs to be verified.

The development of pyrolysis and gasification technologies has been successfully deployed in large-scale plants in Europe, North America and Japan [10]. Similar setup can be developed in this country especially in the area where hazardous waste has been generated.

Alternative Waste Treatment Technology

Conclusion

The management of solid waste in Malaysia is a challenge that must be planned and implemented efficiently. Creative and innovative ideas and strategies need to be incorporated in the planning. This should also include the inclusion of latest technologies in waste treatment strategies.

However, a fundamental requirement for more efforts to increase effectiveness and efficiency in achieving the set objectives on solid waste management with an integrated and sustainable perspective is absolutely a necessity.

Thank You For Your

Attention.

An E-Waste Robot

present and future innovations in solid waste management in malaysia

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