preparedness in pakistan post 2005 earthquake

1NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad 1

PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE

LT GEN (R) FAROOQ AHMAD KHAN, CHAIRMAN, NDMA

3NDMA, PM Sectt, Islamabad

PAKISTAN’S HAZARDS VULNERABILITIES


DROUGHT

FOREST FIRESFLOODS

OIL SPILLS


INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS

TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS

TSUNAMIS

CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS


NEELUM RIV

ER

LAND SLIDES


EARTHQUAKE


1737

18971950

19051935

1819

1881

18031833 1934

1945

1941

2001

EARTHQUAKES OF GREATER THAN M=7.5 OCCURRED IN THE REGION


Chaman: Balochistan

EARTHQUAKE IN PAKISTAN – 18926.8 MAGNITUDE


Before After

Town Hall Lahore

Himachal Pradesh 19,727

EARTHQUAKE KANGRA 19057.8 MAGNITUDE


Railway Station 35,000 deaths

Lytton Road 35,000 deaths

EARTHQUAKE IN QUETTA – 19357.7 MAGNITUDE


SEISMIC ZONES OF PAKISTANEARTHQUAKE/ SEISMIC


TSUNAMIS


KarachiPasni 8.3

Wave Height 40 ftCasualties 4000

21 Nov21: 56 UTC

PASNI

TSUNAMI - 1945 (MAKRAN COAST)


EARTHQUAKE 2005


Mardan

Peshawar

Rwp

Mzd

Isd

Abbotabad

Arja

Rwkt

Bagh

Mansehra

Batgram

Balakot

GHB

Pattan

Kaghan

Mingora

Gilgit

Kalam

AREA AFFECTED-30,000 SQ KM

7.6

FAULT LINE 100 KM LONG

•HUMAN LOSSHUMAN LOSS - - 73,33873,338

•INJUREDINJURED - - 1,28,3091,28,309

•FAMILIES AFFECTED- FAMILIES AFFECTED- 500,000500,000

TOTAL POPULATION : 3.5 M


CATEGORY DESTROYED/ DAMAGED

TOTAL

HOUSES 6,00,152 7,87,583EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES

7,669 18,095 STUDENTS DEAD

1,1456

HEALTH INSTITUTES

574 782

ROADS 4,429 KMs (37.02 %)

1,1963 KMs

MOST OF THE UTILITIES LIKE TELECOM, WATER SUPPLY & ELECTRICITY WERE OUT OF ORDER

200 MILLION TONS DEBRIS TO BE MANAGED

DAMAGES DUE TO EARTHQUAKE


THE RELIEF COMMISSIONERATE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF THE CALAMITY ACT OF 1958 MEANT FOR PROVIDING RELIEF ASSISTANCE UNDER THE OLD ARRANGEMENT

UNDER THE 1973 RULES OF BUSINESS, THE SUBJECT OF DISASTER RELIEF WAS ASSIGNED TO THE ERC OF THE CABINET DIVISION

CRISIS MANAGEMENT CELL OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR WAS CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY OF COORDINATION OF EMERGENCIES

THE CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANISATION WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING NORMAL LIFE ACTIVITIES/ ITS RESTORATION WITHOUT DELAY, IF DISTURBED DUE TO ENEMY ACTION OR NATURAL CALAMITIES

The focus of the above institutional arrangements remained primarily on post disaster response

PRE - EARTHQUAKE - 05 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS


MANDATE. “THE “FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSION”

SHALL CO-ORDINATE AND MONITOR THE RELIEF EFFORTS.

HE SHALL REPORT DIRECTLY TO THE PRIME MINISTER. ALL

AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE RELIEF AND

REHABILITATION EFFORTS, INCLUDING CABINET, HEALTH,

INTERIOR, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COMMUNICATION AND

INFORMATION DIVISIONS SHALL FUNCTION THROUGH HIM

AND FORM A PART OF THE TEAM. ARMED FORCES SHALL

ALSO BE A PART OF THE TEAM”

EARTHQUAKE – 2005 AND FORMATION OF FEDERAL RELIEF

COMMISSION (FRC)


•MULTI-LATERAL

DIMENSIONS

•ALL SPHERE OF LIFE

• INSTITUTIONS

• INFRASTRUCTURE

•SOCIETY, FACILITIES

RECONST

• INSTITUTION AND LEGAL ARRANGEMENTS

• HAZARD AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

• TRAINING, EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

• MULTIHAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM

• EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM

• CAPACTIY DEVELOPMENT

PREP & MITIGATION

•RELIEF LOGISTICS

•RESTORATIONS

•SOCIAL/CIVIC ORDER

•REVIVAL OF SYSTEMS

•BUILDING CAPACITIES

REC & REHAB

•PSYCHO, PHYSICAL TRAUMA

•SOCIO- ECONOMIC FALL OUTS

•DISPLACED PEOPLE

• IMPLICATIONS OF

DEVASTATION AND

DESTRUCTION

•EVACUATIONS

•DAMAGE CONTROL

•HEALTH, FOOD, SHELTER

CONSEQUENCE MGMT, RESCUE & REL

RESPONSE MECHANISM

DISASTER MANAGEMENT SPECTRUM


UN/US/NATOUN/US/NATO

INTL ORGs/NGOsINTL ORGs/NGOs

PROVINCESPROVINCES

MINISTRIESMINISTRIES

GOVT DEPTSGOVT DEPTS

FOREIGN SPFOREIGN SPPUBLIC/VOLUNTEERSPUBLIC/VOLUNTEERS

EXPATRIATESEXPATRIATES

PHILANTHROPISTPHILANTHROPIST

ARMY

WB/ IDB/ WB/ IDB/ ADB /IMFADB /IMF

MILITARY COMPONENT

STRATEGIC LEADERS GROUP

CIVILIAN COMPONENT

FMNS

PAF

PIA, RAILWAYS, NLC, WAPDA, UTILITY STORES,

PTCL, SCO, ERC, NCMC

LOG AVN MED

ISPR ENGRS

FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSIONER

COORDINATION MECHANISM


National Response -

Concept

Base

DISTRIBUTION POINTS

BY AIR/RD/TRAINBY AIR/RD/TRAIN

FWD BASES

BY AIR/HEL/ROAD

FOREIGNFOREIGN COUNTRIESCOUNTRIES

DOMESTICDOMESTIC SOURCESSOURCES

NODESNODES NODESNODESNODESNODES NODESNODES NODESNODESNODESNODES NODESNODES

BaseBase BaseBase

IOs/NGOsIOs/NGOs

HELs, ANIMAL HELs, ANIMAL TRANSPORTTRANSPORTMAN PACK , MAN PACK ,

LIGHT VEHICLESLIGHT VEHICLES•FORWARD TO REAR ------ HIGHER TO LOWERFORWARD TO REAR ------ HIGHER TO LOWER

•HUTMENTS, HAMLETS, HOUSES LEVEL OPHUTMENTS, HAMLETS, HOUSES LEVEL OP


HEALTHHEALTH -- WHO

FOOD/NUTRITIONWFP, UNICEF

SHELTER -- IOM

CAMP MANAGEMENT - UNHCR

WATER, SANITATION- UNICEF

PROTECTION, EDUCATION UNICEF

LOGISTICS -- WFP

EARLY RECOVERY -- UNDP

SAFETY, SECURITY -UNDSS

INFO, TELECOMMWFP, UNICEF

FOOD

SHELTERSCAMP MANAGEMENT

EDUCATION

INFRASTRUCTURE

LOGISTICS

PROTECTION

RESCUE, RELIEF & RECOVERY CLUSTER APPROACH


LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005


MOVE BEYOND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND EGOS

CREATE INTER AGENCIES & MULTI-ORGANIZATIONAL LIAISON

MECHANISM

DE-CONFLICTING CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL

DOMAINS AND SPHERES

HARMONIZE POLICIES AND RULES OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS

ONE ROOF/ONE WINDOW OPERATION AT STRAT / OPERATIONAL

LEVELS



FOCUSED APPROACH

LEAN STRUCTURE

FLEXIBLEFLEXIBLE CAPACITIESCAPACITIES

NEED FOR A PERMANENT



DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION

CREATE STRONG LINK BETWEEN MEDIA,

AFFECTEES AND THE WORLD COMMUNITY

THEIR JOB BE FACILITATED BY SHARING DATA

AND INGRAINING THEM INTO THE RELIEF

ORGANIZATION



QUICK & SMOOTH RESPONSE

HAVE SOPs

ESTABLISH COORDINATION CENTERS

SHARE INFORMATION

USE COMMON DATABASE

TRAIN SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS

(REDUCING TIME OF EXECUTION CAN REDUCE THE COST OF MANAGING A

CATASTROPHE)



CAPACITY BUILDING IN S&R.

CAPACITY BUILDING THROUGH

EXPERTISE, EQUIPMENT & TRAINING FOR

SEARCH, RESCUE AND DEBRIS REMOVAL

TASKS

PROMPT DECISION MAKING. SMOOTH

FIELD OPERATIONS NEED CONTINUOUS

ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS AND PROMPT

DECISION MAKING TO ADJUST MICRO

STRATEGIES



DEPENDENCY SYNDROME

UPLIFT COMMUNITIES FROM

CYCLE OF DEPENDENCY INTO

SELF-RELIANCE

REGENERATION OF SOCIAL AND

CULTURAL COHESION



WIDE RANGING DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

LIKELY SCENARIOS

DELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES

CAPACITY BUILDING GUIDELINES

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT. TO MAKE RELIEF PROCESS SELF-

SUSTAINING LOCAL COMMUNITIES, NOTABLES, POLITICAL LEADERS

AND LOCAL GOVT REPRESENTATIVES BE DOVETAILED



POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS


NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE

2006/7

PROMULGATED IN DEC 2006

CALLS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF DM ENTITIES AT FEDERAL,

PROVINCIAL AND DISTRICT LEVELS

NDMC HEADED BY THE PM (POLICY MAKING BODY) AND NDMA

AS EXECUTIVE ARM

NDMA RESPONSIBLE TO MANAGE COMPLETE SPECTRUM OF DM

AT NATIONAL LEVEL

FOR DM, ALL AGENCIES - FOREIGN OR DOMESTIC - SHALL WORK

THROUGH NDMA



National Disaster Management Commission (NDMC)

DIFFERENT TIERS OF THE SYSTEM

National DisasterManagement Authority (NDMA)

Provincial/ RegionalDisaster Management Commission (PDMCs)

Donors, UN, NGOs, Media

Media, Banks, Insurance &Private sector

Federal Ministries,Departments, Technical Agencies Provincial/ Regional

Disaster Management Authorities (PDMAs)

District/ MunicipalDisaster Management Authorities (DDMAs)

Tehsil Structures



NDMC

MEMBERS: PRIME MINISTER, OPPOSITION LEADER, PROVINCIAL CHIEF

MINISTERS AND CIVIL SOCIETY REPRESENTATIVES

FUNCTIONS

LAYS DOWN POLICIES AT NATIONAL LEVEL

APPROVES NATIONAL DM FRAMEWORK AND PLAN

ENSURE INTEGRATED NATIONAL RESPONSE

NDMA (EXECUTIVE ARM OF NDMC)

SECRETARIAT TO NDMC

MANAGES COMPLETE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT NATIONAL LEVEL

MAP ALL HAZARDS IN THE COUNTRY

ORGANIZE TRAINING AND AWARENESS RAISING ACTIVITIES

ACT AS GOP’s FOCAL POINT FOR DEALING WITH NATIONAL AND

INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY



Dir HR &Procurement

Dir Finance &Accounts

Recovery &Rehabilitation/

Re-constWing

Co-optedMembers

OpsWing

OpsCentre

Avn Med Log Engrs Ops

SO

AviationWing

SUMMARY

•Officers - 26•Supporting Staff - 85

Total - 111

NDMA

ORGANOGRAM

Dir Ops/ Coord Prep

Chairman

Military Wing



PDMC

MEMBERS. CHIEF MINISTER, LEADER OF OPPOSITION & A

NOMINEE OF THE LEADER OF OPPOSITION

FUNCTIONS. SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS OF

NDMC AT NATIONAL LEVEL

PDMA

SECRETARIAT OF PDMC

DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL

PERFORMS SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS OF NDMA

AT NATIONAL LEVEL



DDMA

ACTS AS FIRST RESPONDER

DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT DISTRICT LEVEL

IMPLEMENT NATIONAL / PROVINCIAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES

AT DISTRICT LEVEL

MOBILIZES RESOURCES AT DISTRICT LEVEL

GIVE DIRECTIONS/GUIDELINES TO DISTRICT DEPARTMENTS /

ORGANIZATIONS FOR PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF

DISASTERS



NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

NINE PRIORITY AREAS IDENTIFIEDESTABLISH AND STRENGTHEN (INSTITUTIONS AND

CAPACITIES)NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENTTRAININGAWARENESSMULTI HAZARD EWSMAINSTREAMING DRR INTO DEVELOPMENTCOMMUNITY BASED DRR INITIATIVESEMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEMSCAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR POST DISASTER RECOVERY




NDMFTO BE UTILIZED TO DEAL WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DISASTER

MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS ARE ALSO REQUIRED TO ESTABLISH

SIMILAR FUNDS UNDER THE RESPECTIVE PDMAS

NIDMCENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

WILL CATER FOR DOMESTIC / REGIONAL TRAINING AND

RESEARCH NEEDS

DRM COURSES STARTED UNDER THE NIDM WHILE

INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE WILL BE

INITIATED SHORTLY


NATIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING FOR

DRM PROJECT

HRD FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

DRM PLANNING

DRR MAINSTREAMING

COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

ACTIVITIES

RESPONSE PROJECT – PEER & USAR

KEY DRM INITIATIVES


NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR 2009-10 FULL OPERATIONALIZATION OF PDMAS AND DDMAS IN 50

HIGH RISK DISTRICTS

COMPLETION OF NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT EXERCISE

RISK SENSITIVE DEVELOPMENT POLICY AND PLANNING

COMMUNITY BASED MITIGATION PROGRAMMES IN 50 DISTRICTS

HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN DRM

RAISING PUBLIC AWARENESS

EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT

KEY DRM INITIATIVES


Contingency PlansContingency Plans

Winter Contingency Plan

Cyclone Contingency Plan (for Karachi City)

Monsoon Contingency Plan 2007-2008

Industrial & Chemical Accidents Contingency Plan (advanced stage of finalization)

Marine Oil/Chemical Spill Contingency Plan

Technical Contingency Plan

KEY DRM INITIATIVES


COMPOSITE RISK ASSESSMENT PROJECT

MAPPING OF HAZARD RISKS IN PAKISTAN

DEVELOP GUIDELINES & STANDARDS FOR RESPONSE

EQUIP NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL EMERGENCY

OPERATION CENTRES WITH ESSENTIAL IT EQUIPMENT

PREPARE NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN,

DEVELOP DEPARTMENTAL SOPS FOR DISASTER

RESPONSE

DEVELOP AN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

FOR DISASTER RESPONSE

KEY DRM INITIATIVES


POLITICAL ATTENTION

RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS AND COMPETING

DEMANDS

LACK OF AWARENESS AND PROFESSIONAL

EXPERTISE IN THE FIELD OF DRM

WAVERING COMMITMENTS FROM THE DONOR

AGENCIES

CHALLENGES


THANK YOU

preparedness in pakistan post 2005 earthquake

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