GCF Kaltim Project

Preliminary Results of Mapping Carbon at the Pixel Level in East Kalimantan

Global Observatory for Ecosystem Services,Department of Forestry, Michigan State University101 Manly Miles Building, 1405 S. Harrison Road,

East Lansing, Michigan 48823, (517) 355-0181

GCF Kaltim Project

Dataset

• Landsat 7 ETM+ (2012-2014)– 41 Scenes

• Landsat 8 OLI (2013-2014)– 54 Scenes

• GLOVIS (http://glovis.usgs.gov/)• 16 WRS-2 path/row scenes

GCF Kaltim Project

Data and MethodsPreliminary Workflow – Atmospheric Corrections, Masking,

and gap-filling:• Stack bands of raw DN’s

– ETM+ bands 1-5 and 7– OLI bands 1-7

• Convert DN’s to at-sensor spectral radiance (2_etm_dn_rads.gmd, 2_oli_dn_rads.gmd)

• Convert radiance to top-of-atmosphere reflectance (3_etm_rads_toaref.gmd, 3_oli_rads_toaref.gmd)– ETM+ bands 1-5 and 7– OLI bands 2-7– Data-type float single

• Mask clouds and cloud shadows (fmask and/or NDXI methods)

• Generate Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index-2 Product (4_toa_ref_msavi2.gmd)

• Determine endmember values related to bare soil and 100% canopy cover

• Generate vegetation fractional cover (5_fc_model.gmd)• Mosaic fractional cover• Calculate pixel-level carbon values for the entire

province

Scenes processed individually, mosaicked to create path/row gap-filled full-band scene, and then the path/row scenes are mosaicked to create a full-band province scene

Scenes processed individually, mosaicked to create path/row gap-filled fC scene, then those path row scenes are mosaicked to create a province wide fC

GCF Kaltim Project

Procedure for Cloud & Cloud Shadow Masking

GCF Kaltim Project

Full Band Mosaic Pre Gap-FillBase map scenes comprised of ETM+ and OLI data Thematic map showing data gaps

57% Coverage

GCF Kaltim Project

Full Band Mosaic with Gap-Fill(false natural color)

ERDAS MosaicPro Settings

• RMS Tolerance = 0.1 pixels

• Resample Method = Nearest Neighbor

• Output Grid Cell Size = 30 x 30 meters

• Overlap Function = Overlay

• Output Layers = 1-6

• Product dataset clipped using Kaltim political boundary shapefile

• 91% Coverage

GCF Kaltim Project

Pixel Lineage

GCF Kaltim Project

Vegetation Fractional Cover (fC)

100 = Full Canopy Cover30 = Minimum Accepted Canopy Cover< 30 = Non-forest

Pixel “un-mixing” for each scene using scene-specificend-member values (MSAVI-2)

fC products combined to create gap-filled path/row level product

Path/row gap-filled fC products mosaicked tocreate province-level product

Kaltim political boundary shapefile utilized to clip raster dataset

Level-slicing applied to remove all fC valuesless than 30

GCF Kaltim Project

Method 1: Stratified, Up and Down Calibrated Carbon Values

GCF Kaltim Project

Kaltim Forest StrataShapefile Source: Indonesian Ministry of Forestry

DESCRIPTION Area (Ha)Primary Dryland Forest 5711030Secondary Dryland Forest 7387180Primary Swamp Forest 34496Secondary Swamp Forest 457946Secondary Mangrove Forest 331487Non-Forest 5738881

Biomass and fC values used per strata

Forest type strataMg C per Ha (Central

Kalimantan) Mean fC (%)Primary dryland 276.4 84.96Secondary dryland 201 88.73Primary swamp 149.7 79.83Secondary swamp 123.6 78.42Secondary mangrove 124.7 80.5

GCF Kaltim Project

Stratified Carbon Map

Zonal Sum

Forest Strata Total Mg C

Primary dryland 1,414,785,383

Secondary dryland 1,360,978,817

Primary swamp 4,255,504

Secondary swamp 102,930,070

Secondary mangrove 30,970,085

Total Mg C 2,913,919,859

GCF Kaltim Project

Method 2: OLS Regression

GCF Kaltim Project

TNC Biomass Plots• 175 total observations• Outliers removed• 45 observations used• fC 3x3 focal mean processing • fC values extracted at each point feature using bilinear interpolation• OLS Regression to relate fC with observed C• Adjusted R squared = 0.624• Scaled up to province level

GCF Kaltim Project

C Map Derived from Biomass Plot DataZonal Sum (Regression)

Forest Strata Total Mg C

Primary dryland 1,105,454,087

Secondary dryland 1,516,188,803

Primary swamp 5,733,977

Secondary swamp 49,422,393

Secondary mangrove 79,618,996

Total Mg C 2,756,418,256

Zonal Sum (Stratified)

Forest Strata Total Mg C

Primary dryland 1,414,785,383

Secondary dryland 1,360,978,817

Primary swamp 4,255,504

Secondary swamp 102,930,070

Secondary mangrove 30,970,085

Total Mg C 2,913,919,859

GCF Kaltim Project

Comparison of Measured C (UNMUL/TNC Data) with Predicted C Using 3 Different Allometric Equations

GCF Kaltim Project

• Python script to automate image pre-processing

• New dataset comprised of OLI 2013-2014 - Possibly negate using ETM + data

• Fmask over other masking processes reduces errors of omission/ commission

• Refine mosaic/gap-filling process to improve spectral normalization

• 2014 biomass plot data

Potential Improvements

for Next Version