preliminary design review 30 january 2007 black box car system (bbcs) ctrl + z: benjamin baker, lisa...
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Preliminary Design ReviewPreliminary Design Review30 January 200730 January 2007
Black Box Car System (BBCS)Black Box Car System (BBCS)ctrl + z:ctrl + z:
Benjamin Baker, Lisa Furnish,Benjamin Baker, Lisa Furnish,Chris Klepac, Benjamin Mauser,Chris Klepac, Benjamin Mauser,
Zachary MiersZachary Miers
MotivationMotivation
Car accidentsCar accidents Provide proof of who was at faultProvide proof of who was at fault Provide information about force of crashProvide information about force of crash
Other traffic incidentsOther traffic incidents Capture information about what really Capture information about what really
occurred if ticketed for speeding, occurred if ticketed for speeding, following, etc.following, etc.
Concept of Operations:Concept of Operations:GoalsGoals
Provide visual information of car’s surroundings for Provide visual information of car’s surroundings for period of time before accidentperiod of time before accident
Use accelerometer to determine if accident has Use accelerometer to determine if accident has occurredoccurred If programmed acceleration level occurs, BBCS knows a If programmed acceleration level occurs, BBCS knows a
crash has occurredcrash has occurred Force reading will be saved in conjunction with visual dataForce reading will be saved in conjunction with visual data
Removable storageRemovable storage Crash video can be viewed on home computerCrash video can be viewed on home computer
AutonomousAutonomous In event of accident, data automatically savedIn event of accident, data automatically saved Powered by vehiclePowered by vehicle
CONOPS:CONOPS:RequirementsRequirements
Performance RequirementsPerformance Requirements
Video requirementsVideo requirements - Camera outside of vehicle- Camera outside of vehicle- 5-20 seconds video recording loop5-20 seconds video recording loop- 1-5 frames per second1-5 frames per second
Data storageData storage - Video loop written to RAMVideo loop written to RAM- In event of accident, data from In event of accident, data from each camera written to Flash each camera written to Flash memorymemory
User interfaceUser interface - Ability to view video of crash on Ability to view video of crash on home computerhome computer- LED indicator if data has been LED indicator if data has been storedstored- Ability to manually store/erase Ability to manually store/erase datadata
Block Diagram: Block Diagram: MainMain
Black Box
Camera
User interface
Storage
Reset
Accelerometer
Block Diagram:Block Diagram:Black BoxBlack Box
Main Processor
ICLED
IC
CameraIC
CameraRAM
FlashStorage
Computer
Accelerometer
Reset Power
LCDor
Implementation:Implementation: MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller
Flash-based, 16/32-bitFlash-based, 16/32-bit ARMARM Microchip PICMicrochip PIC MSP430MSP430
Re-programmableRe-programmable On-board ADC, UART, I²C, Timer/counterOn-board ADC, UART, I²C, Timer/counter Interface to sensors, Flash data logInterface to sensors, Flash data log USB 1.0/2.0 capableUSB 1.0/2.0 capable
Implementation:Implementation:MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller
One main processor to act as a central One main processor to act as a central processor to control all coprocessorsprocessor to control all coprocessors Video processors, memory, accelerometer, Video processors, memory, accelerometer,
etc.etc. Our design will use one processor for Our design will use one processor for
each camera moduleeach camera module This will allow us to more easily implement This will allow us to more easily implement
several video sources if extendedseveral video sources if extended
Implementation:Implementation:VideoVideo
We’re looking to use either a CCD or We’re looking to use either a CCD or CMOS camera as our video sensor.CMOS camera as our video sensor.
Ideally we would like to use a camera Ideally we would like to use a camera with USB output and onboard with USB output and onboard compression.compression.
Using a webcam oriented device, we’re Using a webcam oriented device, we’re hoping to eliminate any need to program hoping to eliminate any need to program USB drivers. With a corresponding USB USB drivers. With a corresponding USB microcontroller, this might be possible.microcontroller, this might be possible.
Implementation:Implementation:VideoVideo
Camera – STVS6522Camera – STVS6522 AdvantagesAdvantages
Only needs a 5V supplyOnly needs a 5V supply Large range on input voltage (4.1-5.6)Large range on input voltage (4.1-5.6) Adjustable Frame RateAdjustable Frame Rate Black and White or Color imagesBlack and White or Color images USB 2.0 compliantUSB 2.0 compliant Field of depth is infinite with a fixed focusField of depth is infinite with a fixed focus
Implementation:Implementation:VideoVideo
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Operating range isn’t ideal for a full Operating range isn’t ideal for a full
automotive design (32-104 F automotive design (32-104 F °°)) Minimum focus is 20 cm (~8 in)Minimum focus is 20 cm (~8 in)
Implementation:Implementation:Video CompressionVideo Compression
We assume we are getting raw video We assume we are getting raw video from an un-compressed CMOS from an un-compressed CMOS cameracamera
Estimated needs:Estimated needs: Moving JPEG conversionMoving JPEG conversion Real time video compression (at Real time video compression (at
least fast enough to convert the first least fast enough to convert the first frame by the time the second frame frame by the time the second frame is taken)is taken)
Implementation:Implementation:Video CompressionVideo Compression
Raw CCD Data
Buffered Storage
IC for Video Processing
I2C or USB to main IC Storage for video processing
Implementation:Implementation:Video CompressionVideo Compression
Video Conversion TypesVideo Conversion Types Digital Camera CoprocessorDigital Camera Coprocessor IC Programmed to do video compressionIC Programmed to do video compression
Ideal Setup:Ideal Setup: CMOS Digital Camera coprocessor for digital CMOS Digital Camera coprocessor for digital
still and web camerasstill and web cameras Real time video conversion with 50:1 Real time video conversion with 50:1
compression ratiocompression ratio I2C or USB data outputI2C or USB data output
Implementation:Implementation:Video CompressionVideo Compression
Suppliers:Suppliers: STMicroelectronicsSTMicroelectronics MotorolaMotorola BeyondLogicBeyondLogic Digi-KeyDigi-Key
Implementation:Implementation:MemoryMemory
Fast re-writeable memory to buffer image Fast re-writeable memory to buffer image data.data. SRAMSRAM
Advantages Advantages Programming simplicityProgramming simplicity Control simplicityControl simplicity
DisadvantagesDisadvantages ExpensiveExpensive Limited sizeLimited size
RequirementsRequirements Capable of handling 5 frames/sec video inputCapable of handling 5 frames/sec video input Low power consumptionLow power consumption
Implementation:Implementation:MemoryMemory
Slow large capacity memory for image Slow large capacity memory for image data storagedata storage FlashFlash
AdvantagesAdvantages RobustRobust CheapCheap
DisadvantagesDisadvantages Slow access speedSlow access speed
RequirementsRequirements Compact Flash interfaceCompact Flash interface
Implementation:Implementation:CommunicationCommunication
Ideal SolutionIdeal Solution I2CI2C USB 2.0 / 1.0USB 2.0 / 1.0
FallbackFallback Several I/O ports Several I/O ports
Implementation:Implementation:AccelerometerAccelerometer
We’re looking at using a MEMS based We’re looking at using a MEMS based accelerometer to detect a crash.accelerometer to detect a crash.
The accelerometer is the central The accelerometer is the central trigger for the system.trigger for the system.
The entire black box is in a looping The entire black box is in a looping state until the accelerometer state until the accelerometer interrupts and sets the system into interrupts and sets the system into its crash procedure.its crash procedure.
Implementation:Implementation:AccelerometerAccelerometer
Accelerometer - LIS3LV02DQAccelerometer - LIS3LV02DQ AdvantagesAdvantages
3 axes (crash from above?)3 axes (crash from above?) II22C/SPI output interfaces directly with C/SPI output interfaces directly with
MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller Factory calibrated with offsets loaded on Factory calibrated with offsets loaded on
startupstartup Variable sampling frequencyVariable sampling frequency
Implementation:Implementation:AccelerometerAccelerometer
DisadvantagesDisadvantages 2.5 V operation (increasing complexity 2.5 V operation (increasing complexity
with power supply)with power supply) Configurable to +/- 2 or 6 gsConfigurable to +/- 2 or 6 gs Might trigger too easilyMight trigger too easily
Implementation:Implementation:PowerPower
We assume we are getting power from We assume we are getting power from a car battery that varies from 8-16V. a car battery that varies from 8-16V.
Estimated needs:Estimated needs: One 12V-1A converter for cameras and One 12V-1A converter for cameras and
sensorssensors One 5V-5A and a 3.3V-5A converter for One 5V-5A and a 3.3V-5A converter for
processors, memory, and other circuitryprocessors, memory, and other circuitry
Implementation:Implementation:PowerPower
Car Battery(8V-16V)
12V-1A Converter 5V-5A Converter 3.3V-5A Converter
Cameras, Sensors, Etc.Processors, Memory,
Other Circuitry3.3V Processors and
Circuitry
Implementation:Implementation:PowerPower
Supply Types Available:Supply Types Available: Linear Voltage RegulatorsLinear Voltage Regulators Switching ConvertersSwitching Converters
Ideal Setup:Ideal Setup: 12V-1A, buck-boost12V-1A, buck-boost 5V-5A, buck5V-5A, buck 3.3V-5A, buck3.3V-5A, buck
Implementation:Implementation:PowerPower
Designing the SupplyDesigning the Supply Hard way: Design it by hand, go through Hard way: Design it by hand, go through
plenty of equations, and have a less plenty of equations, and have a less efficient converter than one you can buy efficient converter than one you can buy for cheap.for cheap.
Easy way: Go to National Semiconductor, Easy way: Go to National Semiconductor, go to the Power Webench, type in your go to the Power Webench, type in your input voltage and your output voltage input voltage and your output voltage and current and it designs it for you.and current and it designs it for you.
Implementation:Implementation:PowerPower
The result for a 12V-1A Supply:The result for a 12V-1A Supply:
Implementation:Implementation:PowerPower
Suppliers:Suppliers: National SemiconductorNational Semiconductor Texas InstrumentsTexas Instruments STMicroelectronicsSTMicroelectronics Analog DevicesAnalog Devices Many, many othersMany, many others
Implementation:Implementation:User InterfaceUser Interface
Ideal SolutionIdeal Solution Plug into computer and all video sources Plug into computer and all video sources
show up and start to runshow up and start to run On-station displays (LCD or LED on box)On-station displays (LCD or LED on box)
FallbackFallback Data display in Windows Application (Excel, Data display in Windows Application (Excel,
Visual Basic, etc.)Visual Basic, etc.) Data dump to HyperTerminal convert video Data dump to HyperTerminal convert video
using program then view video sourcesusing program then view video sources
Implementation:Implementation:EnclosureEnclosure
Ideal SolutionIdeal Solution Custom Plexiglas enclosureCustom Plexiglas enclosure
WeatherproofWeatherproof Transparent (for Expo)Transparent (for Expo) Strong and Shock resistant (protect equipment in Strong and Shock resistant (protect equipment in
the event of collision)the event of collision) Fallback SolutionFallback Solution
Generic electronics enclosureGeneric electronics enclosure Locking metal boxLocking metal box Some foam to lessen shockSome foam to lessen shock
Contingency PlanContingency Plan
No video altogetherNo video altogether Instead, base system around inputs of Instead, base system around inputs of
speed, acceleration, braking, blinkers, speed, acceleration, braking, blinkers, lights, etc. directly from carlights, etc. directly from car
ExtensionsExtensions
Other sensorsOther sensors SpeedSpeed Lights, blinkers, brakesLights, blinkers, brakes GPSGPS
Four video sources instead of oneFour video sources instead of one 25fps, 30 second video loop25fps, 30 second video loop
TestingTesting
Skateboard with system attached to itSkateboard with system attached to it
Push skateboard into wall (collision)Push skateboard into wall (collision) Kick skateboard (side collision)Kick skateboard (side collision) Drop basketball on top of car (falling rocks)Drop basketball on top of car (falling rocks) Hold bacon behind car (Cop with false Hold bacon behind car (Cop with false
ticket)ticket)
Division of LaborDivision of Labor
Video: Chris KlepacVideo: Chris Klepac Compression: Zach MiersCompression: Zach Miers Power: Ben BakerPower: Ben Baker Accelerometer: Chris KlepacAccelerometer: Chris Klepac Microcontroller and misc. sensors: Lisa Furnish & Microcontroller and misc. sensors: Lisa Furnish &
Zach MiersZach Miers Enclosure: Ben MauserEnclosure: Ben Mauser User Interface: Ben MauserUser Interface: Ben Mauser Documentation: AllDocumentation: All PCB Design: Chris Klepac & Ben MauserPCB Design: Chris Klepac & Ben Mauser
ScheduleSchedule
QuestionsQuestions
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