NARRATIVES If you want to continue working on your narratives, on your own time, you may. I will not start grading them until Friday. If you want help, come to tutoring on Wednesday.

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WORDS OF THE

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Prefixes – Roots – Suffixes – Base Words

Prefixes – Roots - Suffixes

Most words used in the English language today were not originally English.

These words were borrowed (taken) from other languages. The majority of English words have Latin or Greek origins.

It is helpful to know some of these origins or "roots" of English vocabulary.

It may be possible to guess the meaning of an unknown word when one knows the meaning of its root.

Knowing prefixes and suffixes can also assist in the process.

Prefixes – Roots –Base Words - Suffixes

Most words are made up of various combinations of the following word parts: prefix, suffix, base word, and root.

Therefore, one way to determine a word’s meaning is to break down the word into its parts and figure out the meaning of each part.

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Synonym

noun a word having the same or nearly the

same meaning as another in the language, as happy, joyful, elated.

A dictionary of synonyms and antonyms (or opposites), such as Thesaurus.com, is called a thesaurus.

Antonym

noun a word opposite in meaning to another. Fast is an antonym of slow.

Base Words

A base word is a complete word that can stand alone.

However, other words or word parts may be added to base words to form new words.› Pre+pay = prepay

Roots

The root is the part of the word that contains the basic meaning (definition) of the word.

The root is the base element of the word. A root can’t stand alone as a word.› Ex: struct

Prefixes

A prefix is a word element that is placed in front of a root or base word. A prefix changes the word's meaning or makes a new word.

Prefixes – Roots - Suffixes

http://youtu.be/9EU4DtsJBY0

Suffix

A suffix is a word element that is placed after the root or base word.

The suffix changes the word's meaning as well as its function (use).

Prefixes – Roots - Suffixes

Prefixes and suffixes are called affixes because they are attached to a root.

Prefixes – Roots - Suffixes

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THE 20 MOST COMMON PREFIXES These 20 prefixes account for 97 percent

of occurrences. All other prefixes accounted for only 3% of

the words.

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

1 un not, opposite of 26 unhappy

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

2 re again, back 14 return

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

3 in, im, ir, ill not, opposite of 11 indirectImmature, irreversible, illegal

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

4 dis not, opposite of 7 discover

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

5 en, em cause to 4 enjoy, empower

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

6 non not, opposite of 4 nonfiction

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

7 in, im in or into 4 inside

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

8 over too much, above 3 overgrown

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

9 mis wrongly 3 mistake

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

10 sub under, lower 3 submarine

Prefix Rap

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Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

11 pre before 3 prepared

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

12 inter between, among 3 international

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

13 fore before 3 foresee

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

14 de opposite of, down 2 descent

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

15 trans across 2 transport

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

16 super above, beyond 1 supermarket

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

17 semi half 1 semicircle

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

18 anti against 1 antisocial

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

19 mid middle 1 midsemester

Rank Prefix Meaning % Example

20 under too little, below 1 underfed

THE 20 MOST COMMON SUFFIXES These 20 suffixes account for 93 percent of

occurrences. All other suffixes accounted for only 7% of

the words.

http://youtu.be/pYdIjc85tRc

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

1 s, es plurals 31 boys

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

2 ed past-tense verbs 20 wanted

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

3 ing verb form/present participle 14 playing

A Present Participle is used with the verb 'To Be' to indicate an action that is incomplete:Eg: I am reading / I was reading

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

4 ly characteristic of 7 friendly

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

5 er, or person connected with 4 teacher

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

6 ion, tion, ation, ition act, process 4 action

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

7 ible, able can be done 2 likeable

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

8 aI, iaI having characteristics of 1 final

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

9 y characterized by 1 funny

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

10 ness state of, condition of 1 happiness

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

11 ity, ty state of 1 activity

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

12 ment action or process 1 enjoyment

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

13 ic having characteristics of 1 comic

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

14 ous, eous, ious possessing the qualities of 1 serious

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

15 en made of 1 enliven

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

16 er comparative 1 bigger

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

17 ive, ative, itive adjective form of a noun 1 attentive

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

18 ful full of 1 sorrowful

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

19 less without 1 hopeless

Rank Suffix Meaning % Example

20 est comparative 1 biggest