PREFIX “PER-”in

INDONESIAN LANGUAGE

Presented to : Mr. Hanung Triyoko, M. Hum., M. Ed.

Lesson : TIFL (Teaching Indonesian as Foreign Language)

Prepared by : Ratih Siti Nurjanah(KKI 111.11.109)

International Class – STAIN Salatiga

What is Affix ?

Affix is sound added to a word - whether at the beginning, at the end, in the middle, or a combination of the three - to form a new word that means dealing with the first word. Affixes can alter the meaning, the types and functions of a base word or basic form be a different word, which have different functions with the base or basic form.

Types of affixes

Affixes in Indonesian language divided into 4 types:ᴥ Prefix or suffix prefix is attached in front of the basic

word. For example: ber-, se-, me(N)-, di-, ter-, ke-, pe(N)-, per-.

ᴥ Infix or insertions are associated affixes in the basic word. For example: -em-, -el-, -er-.

ᴥ Suffix or suffixes are affixes tied at the back of the base word. For example: -kan, -an, -nya, -i, -wan.

ᴥ Konfiks are affixes attached at the front and rear at the same basic word. For example: ke-an, pe(N)-an, per-an, ber-an, se-nya.

What is Prefix “per-” ?Prefix PER- has three different forms, ie PER-, PE-, and PEL-. PER- is used in words that do not begin with a consonant r, for example: peristri, percepat, dan perketat. PE- is used in words that begin with consonants r, for example: peringan and perendah. PEL- is only used in word “pelajar” and no other example.

What should we know about Prefix “PER-” ?

• The Form of Prefix “per-” • The Meaning of prefix “per-”

PREFIX “PER-”

The function of prefix “per-” is to form command verb, which can be used in:

1. Command sentence

For example: Persingkat saja acaranya!

2. sentence that the predicate form is: (aspect) + actor +

verb.

For example: Penjagaan akan saya perketat nanti

malam.

3. Additional information on the subject or object in the

form of: yang + aspect + actor + verb.

For example: Saluran yang telah kami perdalam telah

dangkal lagi.

The rules affixtation with prefix PER-, such as states:

- make over- regarded as- divide

♣To get the meaning of "make over" prefix PER- should be added to the adjective.

For the example: Pertegas aturannya!

Pertegas means "make more assertive".

♣To get the meaning of "regarded as" prefix PER- must be affixed in some nouns, known by its nature.

For the example: Jangan kalian perbudak anak-anak itu!

Perbudak means to "be a slave".

♣To get the meaning of "divide" prefix PER- should be added to the few number words.

For example: Uang sebanyak ini kita perdua saja.

Perdua means "divided into two”.