preferred temperature, metabolic rate, and circadian rhythms of snapping turtles (chelydra...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms
of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina)
Amy Pikovsky2004-05
![Page 2: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction
• My goals were to find:-Preferred temperature-Metabolic rate-Circadian rhythms-Correlations between the three variables
![Page 3: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Background
• Snapping turtles are ectotherms• Ectotherms’ body temperatures are the same
as environmental temperatures
![Page 4: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Importance
• Information about the effect of temperature on snapping turtles can be applied to all ectotherms.
• Snapping turtles are common, studies can then be applied to less common species
• Little research has been done about the interrelatedness of preferred temperature, metabolic rate, and circadian rhythms.
![Page 5: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Previous Studies
• L.U. Williamson, et al. researched body temperature affects on metabolic rate in 1989
• K.B. and J.M. Storey researched the affect of very low temperatures on the metabolic rates of ectotherms in 1984
• A. Cortes et al. studied metabolic rates in diurnal and nocturnal ectotherms in 1994
![Page 6: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Hypotheses
• Turtles will prefer higher temperatures with the lights on than with the lights off.
• Turtles’ metabolic rates will be higher at warm temperatures and lower at cold temperatures.
• Turtles’ metabolic rates will be higher with the lights on than with the lights off.
![Page 7: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Materials
the temperature gradient
picture taken by author
![Page 8: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Initially, used T.V. and V.C.R. to find turtles’ positions
• Wrote LabView program to record positions in the gradient more easily
• Found corresponding temperatures• Used two procedures:
– 24 hour test in constant light– 48 hour test in constant light
Methods: Preferred Temperature
![Page 9: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Methods: Metabolic Rate
• Set lights in the incubator to 14L:10D cycle
• Placed turtles in separate containers in incubator
• Measured CO2 production • Used Sable software to convert CO2
data into metabolic rate data
![Page 10: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Methods: Circadian Rhythms
• Set lights in the gradient room to 14L:10D cycle
• Graphed temperature data• Looked for patterns
![Page 11: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Results: Preferred Temperature
Descriptive statistics
Mean
(°C)
variance ave min T (°C)
ave max T (°C)
individual min (°C)
individual max (°C)
24 hr constant light
18.4 14.8 13.6 27.3 9.2 32.2
48 hr constant light
21.2 23 13.2 31.3 10 34.3
48 hr 14L:10D
18.4 10.8 13.9 25.7 9.7 34.1
![Page 12: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
5 10 15 20 25 300.00.10.20.30.40.50.6
Carbon dioxide produced (ml per hour)
B
temperature (degrees Celsius)
Mean resting metabolic rates of nine turtles at a variety of temperatures between 5.0 °C and 30.0 °C.
Results: Metabolic Rate
![Page 13: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
81012141618202224262830323436
Temperature ( degrees C)
Turtle 1 Turtle 2 Turtle 3
1:0013:00 13:00 1:00 13:00
Figure 1A: 48 Hours Turtles 1-3
Time
lights onlights offlights onlights on lights off
Selected temperatures of turtles 1, 2, and 3 during the first trial, 48 hour preferred temperature experiment in 14L:10D.
Results: Circadian Rhythms
![Page 14: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
81012141618202224262830323436
Temperature (degrees C)
Time
Turtle4 Turtle5 Turtle6
11:00 23:00 11:00 23:00 11:00
Figure 1B: 48 Hours Turtles 4-6 lights onlights offlights onlights on lights off
Selected temperatures of turtles 4, 5, and 6 during the second trial, 48 hour preferred temperature experiment in 14L:10D.
![Page 15: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
81012141618202224262830323436
Temperature (degrees C)
Time
Turtle 7 Turtle 8 Turtle 9
12:30 00:30 12:30 00:30 12:30
Figure 1C: 48 Hours Turtles 7-9lights onlights offlights onlights on lights off
Selected temperatures of turtles 7, 8, and 9 during the third trial, 48 hour preferred temperature experiment in 14L:10D.
![Page 16: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
101520253035
lights onlights offlights on
Temperature
Time13:00 1:00 13:00 1:00 13:00
lights on lights off
Mean of Trials 1A-1C
Mean selected temperatures of all nine turtles. Error bars show standard error.
![Page 17: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Conclusions: Preferred Temperature
• Preferred temperatures were moderate (around 20 ºC) whether the lights were on or off
![Page 18: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Conclusions: Metabolic Rate
• Metabolic rate and temperature were directly related: higher temperatures cause higher metabolic rates
![Page 19: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Conclusions: Circadian Rhythms
• Some circadian patterns were evident: turtles moved more when the lights were on but the presence or absence of light did not affect temperature choice
![Page 20: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Future Studies
• Research continues at the University of St. Thomas on:
![Page 21: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Future Studies
• Research continues at the University of St. Thomas on:– Circadian rhythms of ectotherms
![Page 22: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Future Studies
• Research continues at the University of St. Thomas on:– Circadian rhythms of ectotherms– Preferred temperature in the field
![Page 23: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Significance
• Body temperature is very important to ectotherms
• Snapping turtles are common• Changes in weather and temperature
![Page 24: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Acknowledgements
• Dr. Steyermark• Dr. Nelson• Anthony Giang• Students from Dr. Steyermark’s laboratory• Ms. Fruen• The research class
![Page 25: Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Amy Pikovsky 2004-05](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062518/56649eb15503460f94bb7f65/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Preferred Temperature, Metabolic Rate, and Circadian Rhythms
of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina)
Amy Pikovsky2004-05