prefalz solar
TRANSCRIPT
roof | façade | solar www.prefa.com
PUTS EVERYTHING ELSE IN THE
SHADE:PREFALZ SOLAR
02 03a roof sTroNG lIKe a BUll!solar – desIGN
SUSTAINABILITY CAN BE
BEAUTIFUL TOOPREFALZ SOLAR FORMS AN AESTHETICALLY ATTRACTIVE UNIT WITH THE ROOF AND ALSO OFFERS MANY
ADVANTAGES IN INSTALLATION AND DURING OPERATION.Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) represent a long-term, extremely high-yield, alternative energy form
featuring trendsetting technology. The flexible PREFALZ Solar modules merge with the roof to form a single unit. A nice side effect: the roof has a modern appearance that is in harmony with the architecture. Installation is
particularly quick and easy thanks to the excellent material properties. The adhesion to the roof means that the high-tech energy production on the roof is also storm-proof, snow-proof and has the best possible protection
against vandalism.
INSTALLATION! Simple, as no substructure required! Retrofitting to existing PREFALZ roof possible! Low weight and thus structural advantages
STORM-PROOF! The reliable adhesive merges directly with the roof, thus guaranteeing that it will be storm and wind-proof.! The laminate does not contain glass and is therefore not susceptible to damage by hail
SNOW-PROOF! Snow is melted quickly due to the fast warming of the laminates! Yield guaranteed even with a thin covering of snow! Structure not damaged by freezing melt water
AREA REQUIRED! Unlike conventional modules, PREFALZ SOLAR can be used to completely cover the roof with thin-film panels .! Example of area required with following strip widths: PREFALZ 500 - fold clearance 43 cm - 18 m2 per kWpeak PREFALZ 650 - fold clearance 58 cm - 24 m2 per kWpeak FALZONAL 600 - fold clearance 53 cm - 22 m2 per kWpeak
THE SUN IS SHINING - THE ADVANTAGES AT A GLANCE
04 05a roof sTroNG lIKe a BUll!solar – yIeld/performaNce
BRILLIANT LEVELS OF
EFFICIENCY INCLUDED
WITH UP TO 30% MORE YIELD, PREFALZ SOLAR IS SUPERIOR TO CONVENTIONAL PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS IN TECHNICAL TERMS AS WELL.
The level of efficiency of PREFALZ SOLAR can be massively increased through the use of thin-film technology. As one of the first users of this innovative technology, PREFA already has years of experience and is continuously
building on its leading position. PREFALZ SOLAR provides daily practical evidence of what has been shown in numerous studies: Impressive performance with temperature coefficient, shadow tolerance, incident angle
and sensitivity to diffuse light.
SUPERIOR IN EVERY RESPECT PREFALZ SOLAR is a high-tech product based on triple junction thin-film technology. Behind the complicated name, there is a simple but effective principle: The layering of several cells increases the light absorption, which massively increases the level of efficiency.
The unique combination of material and finishing means that PREFALZ SOLAR is able to achieve maximum yield even with an unfavourable incident angle. PREFALZ SOLAR is much less susceptible to loss of yield through warming of the flexible modules than conventional systems. Innovative technology means that loss of yield can even be limited when shadows are cast.
It is easy to see that PREFALZ SOLAR is an impressive product in every respect.
ANGLE IS NOT AN ISSUEThe incident angle of the sun is one of the main criteria which determines the level of efficiency in solar panel systems. The technology behind PREFALZ SOLAR has significantly more to offer in this respect than conventional products. High yields can be attained, even at low pitches from 5° or in unfavourable positions. Even for roof areas with a slight northerly incline (up to 10°), yield of over 80% is guaranteed.
DOESN‘T WASTE ANY SUNLIGHT:MAxIMUM YIELD
Diagram: The illustrations show the average yields for surfaces receiving different amounts of sunlight.
100% 90%
75% 75%55% 55%90%
80% 80%
TRANSPARENCY OF THE FILMThe upper side of the laminate consists of a resistant fluoropolymer film (ETFE) with high transparency (transmittance).
The lower refractive index of Teflon films means that these films let more light through than comparable solar glass, which is used in conventional PV modules . Higher transparency allows more photons to be absorbed by the solar cell, which means that more energy can be converted into electricity.
LIFESPAN OF THE FILMLong-term studies have proven that Teflon films have higher transparency than solar glass. Even after twenty years, the transparency of the coated laminates is still significantly greater than that of conventional modules. The higher transparency guarantees PREFALZ SOLAR higher yields and pays for itself more quickly.
THE COMPARISON MAKES IT CLEARThe superiority of PREFALZ SOLAR lies in the structure of the thin-film laminate
used. The triple junction technology is superior to the conventional crystalline form with regard to all relevant criteria.
09a roof sTroNG lIKe a BUll!
THE COMPLETE PACKAGE
NUMEROUS STUDIES AND TESTS HAVE PROVEN THE SUPERIORITY OF THIN-FILM LAMINATES. HERE ARE THE RESULTS IN DETAIL.
Research institutes on three continents have compared crystalline and thin-film solar panel systems and all come to the same conclusion: thin-film laminates are superior to
conventional systems. The issues investigated included: yield, incident angle, temperature coefficient, influence of diffuse light, transparency of the surface and shadow tolerance.
SUPERIOR TECHNOLOGYThanks to the use of innovative thin-film technology, PREFALZ SOLAR is superior to crystalline products, especially in terms of transparency.
The triple junction structure – the layering of several cells over one another – increases the absorption of the light and thus noticeably increases the yield. The upper side of the laminate consists of a resistant fluoropolymer film (ETFE) with high transparency.
The material used is amorphous silicon, which increases the absorption of weak light thanks to the lower band spacing.
HIGHLY EFFECTIVE WITH DIFFUSE LIGHTOutdoor tests show that PREFALZ SOLAR products produce 40% greater yields compared to crystalline cells at low levels of sunlight (40-100 W/m2, high diffuse proportion). In central Europe, where low levels of sunlight and diffuse light are predominant, this property leads to significantly higher annual yields than with conventional technologies.
Under real sunlight conditions, the values for modules deter-mined under standardised test conditions (peak performance) were only rarely achieved. The proportion of hours of sunlight of 1000 W/m2 or more was only about 1%. In central Europe, the diffuse proportion of light is more than 50%.
Maximum light absorption through layering of several cells over one another (triple junction technology)
06 solar – THe maTerIal of THe fUTUre
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.0300 500 700 900400 600
waVeleNGTH (Nm)
aBsorpTIoN of THe lIGHT specTrUm
rela
TIVe
INTe
NsI
Ty
800
0.2
oVerall aBsorpTIoN
BlUecell
GreeNcell
redcell
At low levels of sunlight, PREFALZ SOLAR is superior to crystalline products
sUNlIGHT (w)
yIel
d
dIffUse lIGHT
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.0
1.4
200 1000800600400
sTaNdard coNdITIoNs
prefalZ solar
crysTallINe sIlIcoN
> 40%
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
TraN
smIT
TaN
ce (%
)
100.0
250 500 750 1000
waVeleNGTH (Nm)
Broad TraNsmITTaNce specTrUm of eTfe fIlm
1250 1500 1750 2000
solar Glass
TefloN/eTfe 50 µm (0.05 mm)
0.500.55
0.60
0.65
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
TraN
smIT
TaN
ce
0 2 4 6 7 10 12 14 16 18 20
years
comparIsoN of solar TraNsmITTaNce
solar Glass
TefloN/eTfe 50 µm
source: Ipe, University of stuttgartThis graph shows yield as a function of temperature. Thin-film technology (a-si amorphous silicon) has a significantly more stable temperature coefficient than other technologies. This means there is less loss of yield at higher temperatures.
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
yIel
d (%
)
-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
TemperaTUre (°c)
TemperaTUre coeffIcIeNT
crysTallINe sIlIcoN
prefalZ solar
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTThanks to the disproportionately lower temperature coefficient compared to crystalline cells, rear-ventilation of the module is not necessary.
As the actual temperature on the roof is usually significantly higher than the air temperature, the advantage of a PREFALZ SOLAR roof can be seen throughout virtually the whole year. The greater the amount of sunlight, the more the cells of the module heat up, which can reduce yield by up to 25%. So at the very time when high yields are to be expected, this 25% has a very significant effect in absolute terms. Thin-film technology is also affected by this problem, although the loss of yield is less than 10%.
SHORTENING SHORTENING
TraNspareNT coNTacT layer
BlUe cell
GreeN cell
red cell
reflecTIVe meTal layer
fleXIBle Base maTerIal
ToTal THIcKNess of THe TrIple JUNcTIoN cell ‹ 1µm
300 TImes less sIlIcoN UsaGe compared To coNVeNTIoNal TecHNoloGy.
07 a roof sTroNG lIKe a BUll!solar – lIfespaN
BRIGHT PROSPECTS
FOR THE FUTURE
PREFALZ SOLAR GUARANTEES NOT ONLY THE HIGHEST POSSIBLE YIELDS BUT ALSO MAxIMUM LIFESPAN. THE BEST MATERIALS AND INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES MAKETHIS POSSIBLE.
The robust attachment of the laminate to the base material and the lamination using extremely resistant Teflon film guarantees that the laminate used by PREFA will have the longest possible lifespan. The self-cleaning property of
the material and the unique integration of the flexible modules in the roof make PREFALZ SOLAR extremely weather-resistant and also reduce the effect of external influences on lifespan.
TODAY, TOMORROW, FOREVER – MAxIMUM LIFESPANKNOWLEDGE CREATES TRUSTIn cost/benefit analyses of energy systems, it is important not to simply trust
the manufacturer‘s promises. Scientific tests should be an important decision- making aid here. For many years, PREFA has therefore had its photovoltaic
systems inspected by renowned institutes.(AIT Austria Institute of Technology and TÜV Rheinland)
PREFALZ SOLAR PS.68Dimensions: LxWxD 2849x394x2.5Power output: 68 WpeakCells: Amorphous siliconInspections: IEC 61646
PREFALZ SOLAR PS.136Dimensions: LxWxD 5486x394x2.5Power output: 136 WpeakCells: Amorphous siliconInspections: IEC 61646
In conventional modules (diagram on left), the shadow cast on a cell leads to a loss of 30%. Due to the fine-mesh bypass diodes, the loss in PREFALZ SOLAR with the same amount of shadow cast is only 4.5%.
SHADOW TOLERANCEWhere there‘s light, there‘s shadows. In photovoltaics, this old wisdom leads to loss of yield through the shadows cast. Through careful planning, attempts have been made to avoid objects that cast shadows, or to restrict the shadow cast to the shortest possible time intervals and smallest areas. It is, however, not possible to completely rule out parts of the solar cells being covered by shadows.
PREFALZ SOLAR offers a decisive advantage in the event of shadows being cast: bypass diodes with a finer mesh, which means less loss of yield across the area.
FINER MESH BYPASS DIODESIn PREFALZ SOLAR, every solar cell is bypassed by a bypass diode. This bypass diode has no effect during operation with no shadows (normal).
If objects such as chimneys, ventilation outlets, overhead lines, flagpoles, trees, neighbouring houses, etc., cast shadows over a cell partially or completely, this cell will produce less power output than the others and act as a throttle on the overall power output.
In the event of shadows being cast, the bypass diode bypasses the affected cell and, apart from the loss of yield of this one cell, there are no negative effects on the overall power output.
plUG
coN
Nec
TIoN
s5486mm (216.0”)
sIlIcoN crysTal pV modUle cell coNNecTIoNshadow or dirt on any one cell = power output loss of 30%(failure of a whole row of cells) size of area leading to failure of a cell due to shadow or dirt: 4“x4“ (40.64 cm2)
prefalZ solar pV modUle cell coNNecTIoNshadow or dirt on any one cell = maximum power output loss of 4.5%(22 inches of base material)size of area leading to failure of a cell due to shadow or dirt: 9“x14“ (320 cm2)
Bypass dIodes IN parallel To eVery cell
ToleraNces: leNGTH ± 5 mm (1/4“), wIdTH : ± 3 mm (1/8“)
394m
m(1
5,5”
)
plUG
coN
Nec
TIoN
s2849mm (112.1”)
ToleraNces: leNGTH ± 5 mm (1/4“), wIdTH : ± 3 mm (1/8“)
394m
m(1
5.5”
)
SHORTENING
GUARANTEED RELIABILITYFor years, PREFA has stood for maximum reliability - guaranteed. PREFALZ SOLAR also offers you the longest normal guarantees on the market:
! 25 years for 80% of the power output of the PV modules! 20 years for 92% of the power output of the PV modules! 20 years‘ product experience! 40 years‘ guarantee on PREFA roofs
SELF-CLEANING SURFACEA clean affair: the lower surface tension of Teflon means that the surface does not get as dirty and has outstanding self-cleaning properties. As the laminates used by PREFA do not have a frame, there is no accumulation of dirt at the edges, as happens in modules with frames. Less dirt means a longer lifespan and higher yield.
70%POWER OUTPUT
95.5%POWER OUTPUT
30%LOSS
4.5%LOSS
11
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12 solar – serVIce
NO HALF MEASURES
THE PREFA COMPLETE SOLUTION
FROM PLANNING PERMISSION AND SUBSIDIES THROUGH TO ASSEMBLY ADVICE.ONLY PREFA OFFERS ALL THIS FROM A SINGLE SOURCE.
PREFA can offer a complete solution for all interested parties: from tender preparation and information about subsidies through to assembly advice. This means the customer can be sure that all possible subsidy options are being used and that the best solution is found for them.
13a roof sTroNG lIKe a BUll!
1. MATERIAL INCLUDING ALL ACCESSORIES DELIVERED DIRECTLY TO THE CONSTRUCTION SITE
2. OPTIMAL PLANNING AND ADAPTATION TO YOUR ROOF3. PERFECTLY COORDINATED COMPONENTS
PERFECT SERVICE FROM A-Z
ExCESS SUPPLYThe diagram shows an example of a system as a grid-connected
system. As a supply variant, an excess supply is shown, in which firstly the building‘s own requirements are covered and
the excess energy is supplied to the grid (sold).
GRID-CONNECTED ExCESS
GeN
eraT
orco
NN
ecTI
oN BoX
GrId
eN
erGy
sUp
plIe
r
INVe
rTer
coN
sUm
er l
oad
coUN
Ter
10 GOOD REASONS TO CHOOSE PREFALZ SOLAR! MAxIMUM YIELD! PERFECT DESIGN! SIMPLE INSTALLATION! LOW WEIGHT! STORM-PROOF! SELF-CLEANING! THEFT-PROOF! HIGHEST POSSIBLE YIELD GUARANTEED! SHADOW-TOLERANT! LONGEST POSSIBLE LIFESPAN
For details of PREFA guarantee conditions, please see our website www.PREFA.com/GarantieSubject to technical changes and misprints. Colour deviations may be caused by printing.
THE PREFA GROUP
AUSTRIA 3182 Marktl/LilienfeldT+43 2762 502-0, E [email protected]
GERMANY 98634 WasungenT+49 36941 785-0, E [email protected]
GERMANY 51429 Bergisch GladbachT+49 2204 76 795-0, E [email protected]
SWITZERLAND 9230 FlawilT+41 71 952 68 19, E [email protected]
ITALY 39100 BozenT+39 0471 068680, E [email protected]
CZECH REPUBLIC 102 21 PragueT+420 281 017-110, E [email protected]
HUNGARY 2040 BudaörsT+36 23 511-670, E [email protected]
POLAND 02-295 WarsawT+48 22 720 62 90, E [email protected]
www.prefa.com
THE PREFA GROUP HAS OFFICES IN THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES:Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Netherlands,
Denmark, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland,Slovenia, Croatia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia