precision agriculture university of tennessee extension integrating gps and gis technologies into...
DESCRIPTION
Precision Agriculture University of Tennessee Extension GPS is a navigational system that can accurately locate your position anytime, anywhere, and regardless of weather on Earth Satellite-based navigation systems made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense Satellite-based navigation systems made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense Satellites orbit the earth at an altitude of about 12,500 miles Satellites orbit the earth at an altitude of about 12,500 miles Radio signals from the satellites can be used to determine accurate georeferenced position information Radio signals from the satellites can be used to determine accurate georeferenced position information What is GPSTRANSCRIPT
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4-H Youth Programs4-H Youth ProgramsMichael J. BuschermohleMichael J. Buschermohle
Precision Agricultural SpecialistPrecision Agricultural SpecialistUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
OverviewOverview
• What is Global Positioning System (GPS) What is Global Positioning System (GPS) • How GPS worksHow GPS works• Types of GPS receiversTypes of GPS receivers• What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)• Integrating GPS and GIS into 4-H programsIntegrating GPS and GIS into 4-H programs
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
GPS is a navigational system that can accurately locate your position anytime, GPS is a navigational system that can accurately locate your position anytime, anywhere, and regardless of weather on Earthanywhere, and regardless of weather on Earth
• Satellite-based navigation systems made up of a network of 24 satellites placed Satellite-based navigation systems made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defenseinto orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense
• Satellites orbit the earth at an altitude of about 12,500 milesSatellites orbit the earth at an altitude of about 12,500 miles
• Radio signals from the satellites can be used to determine accurate Radio signals from the satellites can be used to determine accurate georeferenced position informationgeoreferenced position information
What is GPSWhat is GPS
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Satellite SignalSatellite Signal
Satellites broadcast several pieces of informationSatellites broadcast several pieces of information• Emphemeris (Orbital) dataEmphemeris (Orbital) data• Timing dataTiming data
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
How Does GPS WorkHow Does GPS Work
Speed of light = 186,000 mi/secSpeed of light = 186,000 mi/sec
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
TrilaterationTrilateration
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS Error
• Clock ErrorsClock Errors• Atmospheric InterferenceAtmospheric Interference• Ephemeris (Orbital) VariationEphemeris (Orbital) Variation• Satellite ConfigurationSatellite Configuration• Signal MultipathSignal Multipath
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS ErrorClock ErrorsClock Errors
Let’s put some numbers on itLet’s put some numbers on it
Altitude = 12,500 mi.Altitude = 12,500 mi. Speed of light = 186,000 mi/secSpeed of light = 186,000 mi/secTransmission Time = 0.067 secTransmission Time = 0.067 sec
What happens if we are off a little?What happens if we are off a little?
0.001 sec * 186,000 mi/sec = 186 mi0.001 sec * 186,000 mi/sec = 186 mi
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS Error
Atmospheric InterferenceAtmospheric Interference
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS ErrorEphemeris (Orbital) VariationEphemeris (Orbital) Variation
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS ErrorSatellite ConfigurationSatellite Configuration
Poor (high) DOPPoor (high) DOP Good (low) DOPGood (low) DOPMeasure of the geometrical strength of the GPS satellite configuration Measure of the geometrical strength of the GPS satellite configuration
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Sources of GPS ErrorSources of GPS ErrorSignal MultipathSignal Multipath
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Counteracting GPS ErrorsCounteracting GPS Errors
• Land-Based Differential CorrectionLand-Based Differential Correction• Satellite-Based Differential CorrectionSatellite-Based Differential Correction• User Base Station RTK CorrectionUser Base Station RTK Correction
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Counteracting GPS ErrorsCounteracting GPS Errors
) ) ) ))) )
Land-Based Differential GPS CorrectionLand-Based Differential GPS Correction
Coast GuardCoast GuardBeaconBeacon
Differential Correction Codes
Differential Correction Codes
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Counteracting GPS ErrorsCounteracting GPS ErrorsSatellite-Based Differential GPS CorrectionSatellite-Based Differential GPS Correction
WAASWAASOmnistarOmnistar
DeereDeere
Differential Correction Codes
Differential Correction Codes
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Counteracting GPS ErrorsCounteracting GPS Errors
) ) ) ) )) )
Kinematic Differential GPS Correction Kinematic Differential GPS Correction
Operator’sOperator’sBaseBase
StationStation
Differential Correction CodesDifferential Correction Codes
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
GPS ReceiversGPS Receivers
Low-CostLow-Cost Sub-MeterSub-Meter Sub-FootSub-Foot RTKRTKTypicalTypical
CorrectionCorrectionServiceService
WASS VariousOmnistarStarfire
BaseStation
CostCost $80-500 $1,000-4,000 $5,000-10,000 >$25,000AccuracyAccuracy 10 - 15 ft. < 3 ft. < 6 in. < 1 in.
Update RateUpdate Rate 0.5 – 1 Hz 1 – 10 Hz 1 – 10 Hz 1 – 20 Hz
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
• Your current positionYour current position
• Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude, UTM, etc.)Coordinates (Latitude and Longitude, UTM, etc.)
• ElevationElevation
• Direction to specified waypointsDirection to specified waypoints
• Distance to specified waypointsDistance to specified waypoints
• Your speed of travelYour speed of travel
• Your direction of travelYour direction of travel
Basic Navigation Information Supplied Basic Navigation Information Supplied by GPS Receiversby GPS Receivers
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)Geographic Information Systems (GIS)GIS is a collection of computer hardware, software, and GIS is a collection of computer hardware, software, and geographic data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and geographic data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and
displaying all forms of geographically referenced information. displaying all forms of geographically referenced information.
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
StatesStatesRoadsRoads
CapitalsCapitalsRivers Rivers
Lakes Lakes
GIS Maps are Based on Layers GIS Maps are Based on Layers
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4-H Youth Programsinto 4-H Youth Programs
What Type of GPS receiver should you buy?What Type of GPS receiver should you buy?
What is your application?What is your application?
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
GPS ApplicationsGPS Applications
• Teaching users about GPS receiversTeaching users about GPS receivers• HikingHiking• GeocachingGeocaching• Nature StudyNature Study• Hunting Hunting • FishingFishing• BoatingBoating• BikingBiking• SkiingSkiing• Golf Golf
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Cost $100 – $400Cost $100 – $400 FeaturesFeatures
Internal Memory 8 – 30 MInternal Memory 8 – 30 MSC Card ExpandabilitySC Card ExpandabilityMapping Software CompatibilityMapping Software Compatibility
Low Cost (Handheld) GPS Receivers Low Cost (Handheld) GPS Receivers
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Mapping Software Mapping Software
Cost $100 - 150Cost $100 - 150
Compatibility depends on the unit Compatibility depends on the unit
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
GPS ApplicationsGPS Applications
• Collecting geo-referenced dataCollecting geo-referenced data• GIS MappingGIS Mapping
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
$400$400$600$600
HP IPAQHP IPAQ
Pocket PCs Running Windows CE Pocket PCs Running Windows CE
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies Integrating GPS and GIS Technologies into 4-H Youth Programsinto 4-H Youth Programs
What GIS software should you buy?What GIS software should you buy?
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
GIS SoftwareGIS Software
• ESRIESRI– ArcMapArcMap– ArcPad for Windows CEArcPad for Windows CE
• Farm WorksFarm Works• Map ShotsMap Shots• JD OfficeJD Office• Easy SuiteEasy Suite
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
On-Line Training CourseOn-Line Training Course“Learning How to Use ArcPad 7.0”“Learning How to Use ArcPad 7.0”
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
On-Line Training CourseOn-Line Training Course“Learning How to Use ArcPad 7.0”“Learning How to Use ArcPad 7.0”
Learning Module 1: Moving Data to and From Your PDALearning Module 1: Moving Data to and From Your PDA
Learning Module 2: Getting to Know ArcPadLearning Module 2: Getting to Know ArcPad
Learning Module 3: Displaying DataLearning Module 3: Displaying Data
Learning Module 4: Creating FeaturesLearning Module 4: Creating Features
Learning Module 5: Using Your GPS ReceiverLearning Module 5: Using Your GPS Receiver
Learning Module 6: Capturing Features Using Your GPS ReceiverLearning Module 6: Capturing Features Using Your GPS Receiver
Learning Module 7: Making Your Map Look PrettyLearning Module 7: Making Your Map Look Pretty
Learning Module 8: Retrieving Information from Your MapLearning Module 8: Retrieving Information from Your Map
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Some GPS Applications for YouthSome GPS Applications for YouthGeocachingGeocaching
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Some GPS Applications for YouthSome GPS Applications for YouthCollecting and Mapping Geo-referenced data in Your CommunityCollecting and Mapping Geo-referenced data in Your Community
Precision AgriculturePrecision AgricultureUniversity of Tennessee ExtensionUniversity of Tennessee Extension
Questions?Questions?