pre-history and the beginnings of civilization what is pre-history? the time before people kept...
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Pre-History andThe Beginnings of Civilization What is Pre-History?
The time before people kept records (writing)
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Paleolithic - Neolithic Paleolithic or Old Stone Age dates from
the first stone tool makers (approx. 2 million BCE) to about 10,000 BCE.
Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age Neolithic or _____ Stone AgeNew
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Early Humans Strong archeological evidence indicates the
first humans came from Africa This evidence was provided by Mary and
Louis Leaky & Donald Johanson
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The oldest human footprints in the world were unearthed at
Laetoli, near Olduvai Gorge, in Tanzinia. These footprints led
Owen Lovejoy to conclude that even these early hominids walked with an upright, striding gait just
as modern humans do.
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Lucy - is one of the oldest and most complete skeletons of human ancestry, which was discovered by Don Johanson in Ethiopia's Afar Triangle.
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Otzi, the oldest mummy ever unearthed, was found in the Italian Alps in 1991. Scientists were thrilled to find he had remained frozen, and almost perfectly preserved, for thousands of years.
http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/ancient/AncientRepublish_924421.htm
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Otzi…..The Ice Man He wore clothing made from leather and grasses and carried
a copper axe, a bow and arrows. Speculation immediately began about who he was and why he died where he did, but it was hard to do too much checking without damaging his body.
Later, an arrowhead was found in his left shoulder, suggesting Otzi did not simply freeze to death while climbing the high mountains, but was shot by a fellow hunter.
After studying the corpse's intestines, Italian researcher Professor Franco Rollo, an archaeologist at the Universita di Camerino in Italy concluded last year that the iceman's final meals consisted of venison and ibex meat.
http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/ancient/AncientRepublish_924421.htm
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Characteristics of Paleolithic Period The people were hunters and gatherers They lived in small groups of about 20-30 people Sexual division of labor Nomadic people who followed game and ripening
fruit Developed simple tools from stone, bone or wood Invented clothing Cave paintings and religious rituals
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In a handful of pierced seashells found in a South African cave, scientists believe that they have discovered the world’s oldest known jewelry and the earliest reliabile evidence of creative symbolic thought at work. The 41 tiny shells, unearthed at Blombos Cave, were strung as beads more than 75,00 years ago, making them at least 30,000 years older than any other reliably dated personal ornaments….
http://www.krsh.com/morningshow/blindedarchive/JewelryEverAppropriate.htm
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Neolithic Period Approx. 10,000 years ago Hunter and
Gatherers began to farm Life became more sedentary and
permanent villages developed Seed planting and animal domestication Neolithic people became food producers Farming…..Farming……Farming…. ___________ led to growth in population
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Out of Africa
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Characteristics ofNeolithic Period Councils of elders began making decisions Individuals accumulated more personal
property Some type of calendar invented Animals used in field work These innovations led to the emergence of
civilizations
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Skara BraeAn early Neolithic village
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Stonehenge
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/england/stonehenge
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Stonehenge Archaeological evidence suggests that
Stonehenge built in 4 stages beginning around 3100BC and continued until around 1100BC. Stage 1= circular embankment, 'Heel Stone', wooden
poles Stage 2= rows of bluestones at the centre Stage 3= doorways and trilithons. Stage 4= bluestones reset and roadway extended.
http://ukirishhistory.suite101.com/article.cfm/stonehenge#ixzz0PPPYPUCk
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Stonehenge
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/england/stonehenge
Stonehenge site around 2000 BC.
The surviving stones are shown as shaded rectangles.
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