Pre-Columbian-Second Spanish Period

In the Beginning…

Florida Emerged From Sea Beginning 25 Million Years Ago

Green Lush

Birds!

Sharks!

Sun!• Natives in Florida closer to nature than other N.

American tribes?

Florida During Ice Age

Path of Eurasian Migration

Pre-Columbian Peoples

Timucuan Farmers

Spanish and English Footholds

1565 1607

Juan Ponce de Leon

Continued…

Born in 1474 to a noble family in Santervas de Campos, Spain

Fought Muslims at Granada

Sailed on Columbus’s 2nd Voyage

Continued…

Gov of Puerto Rico1509-1512

March 3, 1513 Sails for Florida…

Cuban Slave Traders

1521 West CoastDies in Havana a month later

Pedro Menendez de Aviles

1565 Founded St. AugustineWhy? French Rivalry

• Jean Rivault

• Rene Goulaine

55 years saw many deaths of Spanish Explorers! Narvaez, de Soto, numerous missionaries

Born 1512- new breed!

Fort Caroline"Not as Frenchmen but as Lutherans.“

1568 Fort San Mateo"Not as Spaniards but as murderers.“

Sir Frances Drake

Pirate or Servant of the State?

El Draque

Spanish Fleets Twice a Year

Tempting target!

1686 Looted St. Augustine

St. Augustine as Business Venture

Menendez- solicited investorsPhilip II gave him proprietorship of colony

Very little agricultural success• Though areas west of colony provided food when

the situado failed

Vast Difference From Mexico• Las Casas and the Black Legend

MissionariesMissionaries had most success

Heculean Humanitarian Effort

• Driven by genuine faith

Until 1702 English under SC James Moore

Diaspora of sorts for survivors

The Mission of Nombre de Dios

Father Francisco Lopez de Mendoza Grajales

End of First Spanish Period

Mounting Tensions in New WorldFrench, English and “Americans”

Slavery

Land

French and Indian War 1754-63

Treaty of ParisTurns Florida into British Territory