praktikum fisika dasar 1 dasar pengukura

7/24/2019 Praktikum Fisika Dasar 1 Dasar Pengukura

1/29

Hasil experiment

a. Pengukuran panjangnst = 1 mm

x=1

21=0,5mm

Nst jangka sorong = 0,05 mmNst mikro meter scrubd = 0,01 mm

x=1

2

0,01=0,005mm

No

objekHasil pengukuran (mm)

mistar Jangka sorong mikrometer

1.ubus!ba

lok

panjan

|20,00,5| |19,100,05| |20,8700,0

|19,50,5| |19,150,05| |20,9600,0

|19,50,5| |20,200,05| |20,9450,0

lebar

|19,50,5| |20,000,05| |20,8900,0

|19,50,5| |19,900,05| |20,8750,0

|20,00,5| |19,950,05| |20,8800,0

tinggi

|20,50,5| |20,600,05| |20,5900,0

|20,50,5| |20,750,05| |20,5400,0

|20,50,5| |20,700,05| |20,5250,0

". bola #iameter

|20,00,5| |20,050,05| |20,9300,0

|19,00,5| |20,050,05| |20,9950,0

|20,00,5| |20,100,05| |20,9350,0

b. Pengukuran massa1. Neraca "$10 gram

nilai lengan 1 = 10 grams


2/29

Nilai skala langan " = 100 gramsNilai skala lengan % = 0,1 grams

&assa beban tamba'an = 0

Table 2. Measurement Mass with Ohauss Balance 2610 gram result

bject

appointmentarm1

appointment arm"

appointmentarm%

burden'angingmass t'e

object(g)

ron

beam

*0 g 0 1,00 g 0 |81,000,05

*0 g 0 ",%0 g 0 |82,300,05

*0 g 0 ",$5 g 0 |82,650,05

+all

%0 g 0 ",%5 g 0 |32,350,05

%0 g 0 ",$0 g 0 |32,600,05

%0 g 0 ",$0 g 0 |32,600,05

". 'aus balance %11 grams

alue scalearm1=100 gramsalue scalearm"=10gramsalue scalearm%=1gramalue scalearm-=0.01gram

Tabel 3. Measurement Mass with Ohauss Balance 311 gram result

bject

appointmentarm1

appointment arm"

appointmentarm%

appointmentarm-

mass t'eobject (g)

ronbeam

0 *0 g " g 0,-15 g |82,4150,

0 *0 g " g 0,-00 g |82,4000,

0 *0 g " g 0,-10 g 82,410

ball

0 %0 g " g 0,$15 g |32,6150,0

0 %0 g " g 0,$"0 g |32,6200,0

0 %0 g " g 0,$%0 g |32,6300,0

%. 'aus balance %10 grams


3/29

alue scalearms1 = 100 gram NST=0,1

10 = 0,01 grams

alue scalearms" = 10 gramotar/ scale alue = 0,1 gram!scale

Noniusscalealue = 10 scaleTabel 4. Measurement Mass with Ohauss Balance 310 gram result

object

appointment arm1

appointmentarm"

ppointment rotar/

scale

ppointmentNoniusscale

mass t'eobject (g)

ronbeam

0 *0 g "% scale 2 scale |82,370,0

0 *0 g "% scale $ scale |82,360,01

0 *0 g "% scale * scale |82,380,01

ball

0 %0 g %2 scale 5 scale |33,750,01

0 %0 g %3 scale * scale |33,980,01

0 %0 g %2 scale $ scale |33,760,01

c. 4imeandtemperaturemeasurementmallest scale alue t'ermometer = 167nitialtemperature = %%67mallest scale alue stop8atc' = 0,1 s

Table 5. Measurement time an temperature result

No. 4ime (s) 4emperature c)( 7'ange4'emperature(76)1 9 $0,0 : 0.1 9 9 %$,0 : 0.5 9 9 % : 1 9" 9 1"0,0 : 0.1 9 9 -1,3 : 0.5 9 9 * : 1 9% 9 1*0,0 : 0.1 9 9 -5,5 : 0.5 9 9 1",5 : 1 9- 9 "-0,0 : 0.1 9 9 50,0 : 0.5 9 9 12 : 1 9

5 9 %00,0 : 0.1 9 9 5-,5 : 0.5 9 9 "1,5 : 1 9$ 9 %$0,0 : 0.1 9 9 53,0 : 0.5 9 9 "$ : 1 9

!ata "nal#sis

1. Panjang &easurement

= p ; l ; t

v|vp| dp < |vl| dl < |vt| dt


4/29

v

v = |l . tv| dp < |p . tv| dl < |p , . lv| dt

v

v = | l .tp . l .t| dp < | p . tp . l .t| dl < | p .lp . l .t| dt

v

v =1

p dp +1

l dl +1

t dt

vv = dpp + dll +dt

t

v

v = p

p + l

l + t

t

v =| pp + ll + tt|

a. balokmistar

Panjang p=p

1+p

2+p

3

3

p=20,0+19,5+19,5

3=19,7mm

=|p1 p|

1=|20,019,7|=0,3 mm

=|p2 p|

2=|19,519,7|=0,2

mm


5/29

=|p3 p|

3=|19,519,7|=0,2 mm

P=max=0,3 mm

= P

P 100>

=0,30

19,7 100> = 1,5>

P? @ |P P| = |19,70,30| mm

(7onto' kasus lain ketika deiasin/a semua 0)

P =17,0mm+17,0mm+17,0mm

3 = 12,0 mm

A;= |PxP|

A1= |17,017,0|mm = 0mm

A"= |17,017,0|mm = 0mm

A"= |17,017,0|mm = 0mm

P = Ama; , tapi karena kebetulan nilai A; semua bernilai 0 maka P

adala' N4 mistar itu sendiri /aitu= 0,5mm. Bain 'aln/a ketika diperole' nilai

A; 0 maka P adala' nilai A; /ang terbesar atau Ama;.

= P

P 100>

=0,5

17,0 100> = ",3> ( % + )

P? @ |P P| = |17,00,5| mm


6/29

Bebar

l=l1+l2+l3

3

l=19,5+19,5+20,0

3=19,7mm

1=|19,519,7|=0,2 mm

2=|19,519,7|=0,2 mm

3=|20,019,7|=0,3 mm

P=max=0,3 mm

= L

L 100>

=0,30

19,7 100> = 1,5>

P? @ |L L| = |19,70,30| mm

tinggi

t= t1+t2+ t33

t=20,5+20,5+20,5

3=20,5mm

1=|20,520,5|=0


7/29

2=|20,520,5|=0

3=|20,520,5|=0

P=max=0 ,1 mm

= t

t 100>

=0,1

20,5 100> = -,*>

P? @ |t t | = |20,50,1| mm

Volume balok

= p ; l ; t= 13,2mm ; 13,2 mm ; "0,5 mm

= 2355,*-5 mm3

v = | pp + ll + tt|

v = |0,3

19,7+ 0,319,7

+ 020,5|7955,845

= |0,01+0,01+0|7955,845

= 153,11mm%

= 2355,*-mm%


8/29

= V

V X100

=159,11

7955,84X100

= 1,* >

P?@ |V V | =C 7955159 Cmm%

Dntuk jangka sorong

Panjang

p=p

1+p

2+p

3

3

p=19,10+19,15+20,20

3=19,50mm

1=|19,1019,50|=0,40 mm

2=|19,1519,50|=0,35 mm

3=|20,2019,50|=0,70 mm

P=max=0,70 mm


9/29

= P

P 100>

=0,70

19,50 100> = %,5*>

P? @ |P P| = |19,500,70| mm

Bebar

l=l1+l2+l3

3

l=20,00+19,90+19,95

3=19,95mm

=|p1 p|

1=|20,0019,95|=0,05 mm

2=|19,9019,95|=0,05 mm

3=|19,9519,95|=0

L=max=0,05 mm

= LL 100>

=0,05

19,95 100> = 0,"5>

P? @ |l l| = |19,950,05| mm


10/29

4inggi

t=t+t

2+t

3

3

t=20,60+20,75+20,70

3=20,70mm

1=|20,60

20,70

|=0,10

mm

2=|20,7520,70|=0,05 mm

3=|20,7020,70|=0

t=max=0,10 mm

=

t

t 100>

=0,10

20,70 100> = 0,-*>

P? @ |t t | = |20,700,10| mm

Volume balok

= p ; l ; t

= 13,50 mm ; 13,35 mm ; "0,20 mm

=*05",*1 mm3

v

= |

p

p

+ l

l

+ t

t

|


11/29

v =| 0,7019,50+ 0,0519,95= 0,1020,70|8052,81

= |0,035+0,002+0,005|8052,81

=%%*,"1mm%

=*05",*1mm%

=

V

V

X100

=338,21

8052,81X100

= -," >

P?@ |V V | =C 8052338 Cmm%

Dntuk mikrometer scrub

Panjang

p=p1+p2+p33

p=20,870+20,960+20,945

3=20,925mm

1=|20,87020,925|=0,055 mm

2=|20,96020,925|=0,035

mm


12/29

3=|20,94520,925|=0,020 mm

P=max=0,055 mm

= P

P 100>

=0,055

20,925 100> = 0,"$">

P? @

|P P|=

|20,920,055|mm

Bebar

l=l1+l

2+l

3

3

l=20,890+20,875+20,8803

=20,882mm

=|p1 p|

1=|20,89020,882|=0,008 mm

2=|20,87520,882|=0,007 mm

3=|20,88020,882|=0,002 mm

l=max=0,008 mm

= l

l 100>

=

0,008

20,882 100> = 0,0%*>


13/29

P? @ |l l| = |20,880,008| mm

4inggi

t=t+t2+t3

3

t=20,590+20,540+20,525

3

=20,552mm

1=|20,59020,552|=0,038 mm

2=|20,54020,552|=0,012 mm

3=|20,52520,552|=0,027 mm

t=max=0,038 mm

= t

t 100>

=0,038

20,552 100> = 0,1*->

P? @ |t t | = |20,550,038| mm

Volume balok

= p ; l ; t

= 20,925 mm ; 20,882 ; 20,552 mm

= *3*0,%1 mm%


14/29

v = | pp + ll + tt|

v = | 0,05520,925+ 0,00820,882+ 0,03820,552|8980,31

= |0,003+0,0004+0,002|8980,31

v = -*,-3 mm%

= 8980,31 mm%

= V

V X100

=48,49

8980,31X100

= 0,5 >

P?@ |V V | =C 898048,49 Cmm%

b. bola

v =1

6 d

3

v=| v d| d

v=|(1

6 d

3) d

| d


15/29

v=1

2 d

2 d

v=|12 d2 d|

v

v =|

1

2d

2 d

1

6 d

3 | v=|3 dd|v

KR= v

v x100

Dntuk mistar

d =20,0+19,0+20,0

3 = 13,2 mm

A;= |dd|

A1= |20,019,7|mm = 0,% mm

A;= |19,019,7|mm = 0,2 mm

A;= |20,019,7|mm = 0,% mm

d = Ama;= 0,2 mm.

P?@ |d d| = |19,70,7| mm

v =1

6 d

3


16/29

v =1

6(3,14 )(19,7)3 = -001,0* mm%

v=|3 dd|v

v =|3(0,7) mm19,7mm|4001,08 m m3

v=|2,1mm

19,7mm

|x 4001,08mm

3

v=0,10x 4001,08mm3

v=400,108mm3

v =4001,08mm3

KR= v

v x100

KR=400,108

4001,08x 100 = 10

PF=|v v|=|4001400|mm3

Dntu jangka sorong

d =20,05+20,05+20,10

3 = "0,02 mm

A;= |dd|

A1= |20,0520,07|mm = 0,0" mm

A;= |20,0520,07|mm = 0,0" mm


17/29

A;= |20,1020,07|mm = 0,0% mm

d = Ama;= 0,0% mm.

P?@ |d d| = |20,070,03| mm

v =1

6 d

3

v =1

6(3,14 )(20,07)3 = -"%0,2* mm%

v=|3 dd|v

v=|3(0,03)mm20,07mm|4230,78mm3

v=

|

0,09mm

20,07mm

|x 4230,78mm

3

v=0,004x 4230,78mm3

v=16,923 mm3

v =423,78mm3

KR= v

v

x100

KR=16,923

423,78x 100 = %,2

PF=|v v|=|4230,16|mm3 Dntuk mikrometer


18/29

d =20,930+20,995+20,935

3 = "0,35% mm

A;= |dxd|

A1= |20,93020,953|mm = 0,0"% mm

A;= |20,99520,953|mm = 0,0-" mm

A;= |20,93520,953|mm = 0,01* mm

d = Ama;= 0,0-" mm

P? @ |d d| = |20,9530,042| mm

v =1

6 d

3

v=1

6(3,14 )(20,953)3 = -*1-,1" mm%

v=|3 dd|v

v=|3(0,042)mm20,953 mm|4814,12m m3

v=| 0,126mm20,953mm|x 4814,12mm3

v=0,006x 4814,12mm3

v=28,884mm3

v=4814,12 mm3

KR= v

v x100


19/29

KR= 28,884

4814,12 cm3x 100 = 0,5

PF=|v v|=|4814 28,88|mm3

". nalisis massa jenis

=m

v = mE1

=| m| m < |v|

=|mv1

m| m < |mv1

v| =|v1| m < |mv

2|

=|

v1

mv1| m < |

mv2

mv1|

=| mm| < | vv|

=| mm|


20/29

m=82,37+82,36+82,38

3

m=82,37 g

= 7955,84mm3

v = 153,11 mm3

1=|82,3782,37|=0

1=|82,3682,37|=0,01g

1=|82,3882,37|=0,01g

max= m=0,01 g

=mv

=82,37

7955,84

= 0,010

=| mm + vv|

= | 0,0182,37+ 159,117955,84|0,010

= 0,000"*


21/29

=

X100

=0,00028

0,010 F 100 >

= ",* >

PF=| |=|0,010,0002|g /mm3

Jangka sorong dengan neraca %10 gram

m =m

1+m

2+ m

3

3

m=82,37+82,36+82,38

3

m=82,37 g

= 8052,81mm3

v = %%*,"1 mm3

1=|82,3782,37|=0

1=|82,3682,37|=0,01g

1=|82,3882,37|=0,01g max= m=0,01g


22/29

=mv

=82,37

8052,81

= 0,010 g/mm3

=| mm + vv|

= | 0,0182,37+ 338,218052,81|0,010

= 0,000- g/mm3

=

X100

=0,0004

0,010 F 100 >

= - >

PF=

| |=

|0,010,0004|g/mm

3

cre8 &icrometer 8it''aus +alance %10 grams

m =m

1+m

2+ m

3

3

m=82,37+82,36+82,38

3


23/29

m=82,37 g

= 8980,31mm3

v = 48,49mm3

1=|82,3782,37|=0

1=|82,3682,37|=0,01g

1=|82,3882,37|=0,01g max= m=0,01g

=mv

=82,37

8980,31

= 0,003 g/mm3

=| mm + vv|

= | 0,0182,37+ 48,498980,31|0,009

= 0,00005 g/mm3

=

X100


24/29

=0,00005

0,009 F 100 >

= 0,551 >

PF=| |=|0,0090,00005|g/mm3

b. &assa jenis bola #ata dari mistar dengan neraca %10 gram

m =

m1+m

2+m

3

3

m=

82,37+82,36+82,383

m=82,37 g

= 4001,07mm3

v = 426,51mm

3

1=|82,3782,37|=0

1

=|82,3682,37

|=0,01

g

1=|82,3882,37|=0,01 g max= m=0,01 g

=

mv

=82,37

4001,07


25/29

= 0,0"0 g/mm

3

=| mm + vv|

= | 0,0182,37+ 426,514001,07|0,020

= 0,00" g/mm

3

=

X100

=0,002

0,020 F 100 >

= 10 >

PF=| |=|0,020,002|g /mm3 #ata dari jangka sorong dengan neraca

%10

m =

m1+m

2+m

3

3

m=

82,37+82,36+82,383

m=82,37 g

= 4230,78mm3


26/29

v = 18,97 mm

1=|82,3782,37|=0

1=|82,3682,37|=0,01g

1=|82,3882,37|=0,01g max

m=0,01

=

mv

=82,37

4230,78

= 0,013 g/mm

3

=| mm + vv|

= | 0,0182,37+ 18,974230,78|0,019

= 0,0002 g/mm

3

=

X100

=0,0007

0,019 F 100 >


27/29

= %,$ >

PF=| |=|0,010,0007|g/mm3

#ata dari mikrometerscrub dengan neraca %10 grams

m =

m1+m

2+m

3

3

m=

82,37+82,36+82,383

m=82,37 g

= 4812,05mm3

v = 31,008mm

3

1=|82,3782,37|=0

1=|82,3682,37|=0,01g

1=|82,3882,37|=0,01 g max= m=0,01 g

=

mv

=82,37

4812,05


28/29

= 0,012 g! mm

3

=| mm + vv|

= | 0,0182,37+ 31,0084812,05|0,017

= 0,0001 g/mm

3

=

X100

=0,0001

0,017 F 100 >

= 0,5* >


29/29

PF=| |=|0,0170,0001|g/mm3

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