How did “nationalism” affect Europe in the 19th-

century?

• Following the defeat of Napoleon, the Congress of Vienna met to create a peace settlement in Europe.

Battle of Waterloo

• The Congress’s purpose was to establish a balance of power in Europe and return monarchs to power.

Prince Klemens vonMetternich

Congress of Vienna (1814 – 1815)

• However, the French Revolution had inspired the rise of nationalistic movements in many European countries.

• Nationalism is the loyalty of a people to their values, traditions, and geography.

• Nationalism develops in an area that has common customs, language, and history.

Nationalism Movements:• The unification of Germany was led by

Otto von Bismarck.

• The unification of Italy was led by Giuseppe Garibaldi and Camillo di Cavour.

Giuseppe GaribaldiCamillo di Cavour

• The unification of Italy and of Germany resulted in upsetting the balance of power in Europe