Unit 1—Computer Basics

Lesson 2The Internet and the World Wide Web

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Objectives

Explain the origin of the Internet and describe how the Internet works.

Explain the difference between the World Wide Web and the Internet.

Describe the major features of the Internet. Explain how to connect to the Internet.

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Objectives (cont.)

Describe a browser. Identify browser features.Apply and use browser features.Describe other Internet features.

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Evolution of the Internet

Early origins Can be traced to the 1960s U. S. Department of Defense Original name was ARPANET Steady growth over the next few years

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Evolution of the Internet (cont.)

In 1990, ARPANET ceased to exist.The World Wide Web came into existence

in 1992.Mosaic, the first browser, was released in

1993. A 340% growth in number of users

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Internet Continues to Grow

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Impact on Society

In 2005, over two-thirds of all Americans used the Internet.

The benefits are numerous and widespread. Businesses and individuals benefit. Disabled also benefit.

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Internet Basics

Interoperability All brands, makes, and models of computers can

communicate. Use a set of protocols

TCP/IP or Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol

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The World Wide Web

Subset of the Internet Document formatted using HTML HTTP or hypertext transfer protocol

Defines how pages are transmitted Each Web page has its own address.

URL: Uniform Resource Locator Hypertext (hyperlink or link)

A link to another location

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Top-Level Domain Abbreviations

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Accessing the Internet

Getting connected Connect from home, school, or business Requires an ISP Communications software Web browser

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Browser Basics

Browser (Internet Explorer) retrieves your requested Web page Renders the HTML code to display the page

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Browser Components

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Internet Explorer Menu and Toolbar

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Browser Features

Your home page Displayed when you launch browser

SearchingHistoryFavoritesControlling accessCleanup time

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Copy and Save Text, Web Pages, and Images

You can Save complete Web pages Copy and save text Copy and save images Copy and save URLs

You can download and install programs.

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Other Internet Services

Blog or Web logChat rooms Instant messagingMailing listsNewsgroups and bulletin boardsOnline conferencingFile Transfer Protocol

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Summary

No one person or organization can claim credit for creating the Internet.

Origins of the Internet can be traced to the United States Department of Defense.

The original name for the Internet was ARPANET. Mosaic was the Internet’s first graphical interface.

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Summary (cont.)

To connect to the Internet from a business, school, or other organization, you probably have a direct connection via a local area network and a network interface card.

Types of Internet connections include modem and telephone line, DSL, cable modem, wireless, and fiber optics.

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Summary (cont.)

To connect to the Internet, you need an Internet connection, telecommunications software, and a browser for the Web.

Interoperability means that all brands, models, and makes of computers can communicate with each other.

A protocol is a standard format for transferring data between two devices.

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Summary (cont.)

TCP/IP is the agreed upon international standard for transmitting data.

The domain name identifies a site on the Internet. The Internet is made up of many services. The Web is an application that makes use of the

Internet.

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Summary (cont.)

Web pages can be linked through hyperlinks. Microsoft Internet Explorer is a popular Web browser. The HTTP protocol defines how Web messages are

formatted and transmitted. A Web site address is referred to as the URL or

Universal Resource Locator.

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Summary (cont.)

Every Web page on the Internet has its own unique address.

HTML is a protocol that controls how Web pages are formatted and displayed.

A Web page is coded with HTML markup tags.

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Summary (cont.)

Other Internet services include blogs, chat rooms, instant messaging, mailing lists, newsgroups, bulletin boards, online conferencing, and FTP.