ERYTROPOESIS

•Is the formation of red blood cells (eryhtrocyte) in the body starting from the youngest cells (rubriblast) to form mature eryhtrosit. Eryhtropoesis influenced by eryhtropoeitin, a protein produced in the kidney cortex

•Eritroposis inhibiting factor is the increase in the formation of red blood cells in the circulation that reaches a value above normal while eritroposis formation stimulated by anemia, hypoxia, and increases in the number of circulating red blood cells is a prominent illustration of aklimanisasi the plateau.

•Functions of the blood:•Transportation of R.B.C’s, W.B.C’s,

oxygen, food nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

•Defence against disease, by white blood cells phagocytosis and production of antibodies.

•Supplying cells with glucose to respire and keep a constant temperature.

Anoxia and Hypoxia•Description•Specifically, anoxia is a condition in which

there is an absence of oxygen supply to an organ's tissues although there is adequate blood flow to the tissue.

• Hypoxia is a condition in which there is a decrease of oxygen to the tissue in spite of adequate blood flow to the tissue.

•Anoxia and hypoxia may be caused by a number of events, such as smoke or carbon monoxide inhalation, high altitude exposure, strangulation, anesthetic accidents, or poisoning.

SYMPTHOM HIPOXIA

headaches,

nausea

fatique shortness of breath

feeling of euphoria

Treatment

•Treatment of anoxia and hypoxia consists of establishing an adequate airway as soon as possible, using enough oxygen to saturate the blood, supporting the cardiovascular system as needed, and preventing or treating pneumonia. Respiratory assistance may be necessary

Prognosis

•If the patient's respiratory and cardiovascular systems can be supported properly, recovery may occur, but depends upon the severity of injury. As recovery proceeds, a variety of psychological and neurological abnormalities may appear, persist for a time, and then disappear. Mental changes such as dementia or a psychosis may occur. Mental confusion, personality regression, parietal lobe syndromes, amnesia, hallucinations, and memory loss may also occur.

Anoxia 

symptoms of anoxiaHowever, anoxia typically begins with milder

symptoms including:1.Bluish coloration of the lips or fingernails

4.Poor decision-making

2.Confusion or loss of consciousness for even a brief moment

5.Rapid breathing (tachypnea)3.Dizziness

•Common treatments for anoxia• In general, treatment for anoxia includes restoring

the oxygen supply, through either increasing the amount of oxygen taken in, such as with an oxygen mask, or assistance with breathing. Other treatment options include:

•Administration of fluids and medication to increase blood pressure

•Administration of medications to reduce seizure activity

•Administration of medications to regulate heart function

•Application of life support systems•causes anoxia•Anoxia may be caused by a number of

environmental factors or by underlying diseases or conditions.