PowerTopoCE for Pentax W-800 Series Total Station

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PowerTopoCEUser’s guide

Copyright © 1992-2007 - SierraSoftAll rights reserved

January 2007

SierraSoft S.r.l.Via Roveredo 1/a

33170 PORDENONE PNITALY

Tel.: +39 0434.25.49.06Fax.: +39 0434.25.49.07e-mail: info@sierrasoft.comWEB: http://www.sierrasoft.com

WARNING

Using computer procedures involves knowing the operative system. PowerTopoCE productswere created for WindowsCE operative systems or later. The operative system is loaded on turning on device and works as interface between the program and the computer. The operative system is not provided together PowerTopoCE so it must be already present in thedevice. Knowing the operative system base principles is necessary for a full comprehension ofthis guide and for a correct use of the program.

This is not a guide to operative systems, for which you should refer to device guides or to thenumerous publications on the matter. This guide does not intend to give instructions concerningthe use of topographic instruments and of computer peripherals. This guide is by no means acourse of topography.

The documentation included in this guide has been collected and verified with maximum care.Anyway, SierraSoft cannot be held responsible for its use. This is true also for any person or society involved in the creation, production and distribution of this guide.

This guide is protected by copyright. Reproduction of this guide, or part of it, is possible only onwritten authorization by SierraSoft. The use of SierraSoft programs is subjected to the limits setby international legislation on intellectual property. Copy of the product original disks is forbidden, except for backup copies made by the license subscriber and only for safety reasons.

Above mentioned warnings are considered accepted on purchasing PowerTopoCE program.

Windows is a registered trademark. AutoCAD is a registered trademark of AutoDesk. Inc. Otherbrands and product names cited in this guide are considered trademarks by their respectiveowners. The information here included is subject to change without any communication fromSierraSoft.

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Index

Index 3

Introducing PowerTopoCE 7System requirements 7Assistance 7

Precautions regarding safety 9Using the software with generic total stations 9Laser beam emission by the distance measurement 9Laser beam emission by the laser pointer 9Laser beam emission by the laser plummet 9Using the software with Pentax W-800 total station 10Laser beam emission by the distance measurement 10Laser beam emission by the laser pointer 10Laser beam emission by the laser plummet 10

Product Setup 11How to install PowerTopoCE in a Pentax W-800 total station 11Installing PowerTopoCE in a mobile device 11

Starting PowerTopoCE 13Starting PowerTopoCE on Pentax W-800 total station 13Starting PowerTopoCE on a mobile device 14

Standard components 17Pentax W-800 total station keyboard 17How to insert alphanumeric characters in input fields 17How to insert numeric characters in input fields 18How to delete characters in input fields 18How to move among the windows input fields 18How to close keyboard dialog boxes 19How to use function keys in dialog boxes 19How to activate bubble display 20How to change EDM working mode 20Battery level 21How to move in PowerTopoCE menus 21Dialog boxes 23Input fields 23Local menu 24Selection from CAD 24Options from button 24Managing of targets 24Pages 26Rapid insertion 26Virtual keyboard 27Calculator 28Help on line 28

Work management 29Work file 29How to create a work 29How to open a work 31

How to save a work with a different name 32How to create a model 33

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Importation 33Importing coordinates from ASCII files 33Importation of DXF files 35Exportation 35Exporting coordinates or measures from ASCII files 36Exporting a drawing into DXF file 37Linking external works 38How to link a work or a raster image 38How to change the display order of the files selected 39Remove link to a work or a raster image 39Deleting a work 39Work transfer 39DL-02 setup 40Prepare PowerTopoCE for data transfer 40Prepare DL-02 for data transfer 41How to transfer works from PowerTopoCE to DL-02 42How to transfer works from DL-02 to PowerTopoCE 42How to import PowerTopoCE format data into DL-02 44How to export from DL-02 PowerTopoCE format data 45How to transfer data from PowerTopoCE to Topko 46How to transfer works from Topko to PowerTopoCE 47How to import PowerTopoCE format data into Topko 48How to export PowerTopoCE format data from Topko 50Information about the work 51Information about PowerTopoCE 52

Configure instruments 53Configuration of instruments on Pentax W-800 53Configure instruments 54Create a new configuration 55How to make a configuration current 56How to modify a configuration 56How to delete a configuration 56

Settings and preferences 57General 57Units of measurement 58Format 59Coordinates 60CAD 60Survey 61Staking 63Repetitions 64Coefficients 65Use of coefficients in the calculation of coordinates 65Files 66

Graphic CAD 67Display 67Snap to object 68How to set and use snaps to object 69How to insert data in the graphic window 69Drawing commands 70Inserting a topographic point 70How to insert a cadastral parcel 71How to draw orthogonal polylines 71How to draw orthogonal polylines 72

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How to draw arcs and circles by 3 points 73How to draw circles 73How to insert texts 73Layers 74Create a new layer 75How to modify a layer 76How to make a layer current 76How to change the layers visibility 77CAD settings 77Modify object properties 78Delete objects 79Information about the drawing 80How to identify a point 80How to measure distances 80How to measure an angle 80How to measure areas 80How to link external works 81How to link a work or a raster image 81How to make a work or a raster image visible or invisible 82How to change the display order of linked files 82How to remove the link to a work or a raster image 82

Data management: Measures and Points 83Points Table 83How to create a new point 83How to modify a point 84How to delete a point 85How to find a point 85Table of Measures 86How to modify a measure 86How to delete a measure 87How to find a measure 87

Survey codes 89Compound codes 89Drawing from codes 89Controls codes 90An example of how to use survey codes 90Table of survey codes 91How to create a new code 92How to modify a code 94How to delete a code 94How to save the library with a different name 94How to load a library 94Special codes 94Quick codes (Pentax W-800) 95

Station setting and orientation 97Calculate instrument height 98Station with known coordinates and no orientation 99Station with known coordinates and orientation point 100Station with no known coordinates and different orientation points 104How to add a measure 105How to remove a measure 107How to change the data to be used 107Calculate coordinates and correction angle 108Check backsight point 108

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Survey 111How to measure points 111Quick codes for Pentax W-800 total station 115Traverse stations Management 115Measure on existing point 116How to measure points in direct and reversed mode 117Measurement by repetitions 119How to measure points not reachable by prism 121Measures with distance offset 121Measures with offset of horizontal angle 122Measures with offset of vertical angle 123Set codes to the points surveyed and drawing from codes 124How to perform free measures 126

Staking 127Point staking 128How to define a list of points to stake 129Staking a single point or a list 130Staking report 134Line staking 135How to define a line 135Staking points on a line 136

COGO 139Distance & offset 139Intersection 141Triangles 144Area 145Azimuth 146

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Introducing PowerTopoCE

Welcome to PowerTopoCE User’s guide. PowerTopoCE is a software for topographic surveywhich can work on such Windows Mobile devices as Pocket PC (2003 and upper) and WindowsCE (4.0 and upper), as well as communicate directly with the topographic instruments.

PowerTopoCE can work directly on total station Pentax W-800 and it has been optimized to workperfectly integrated with this total station so as to take advantage of its great potential.

PowerTopoCE includes all the functions necessary to perform survey on field and staking; theconstant presence of a graphic CAD allows to check directly the object of the survey, compared,for example, with an existing cartography or to complete, directly on field, the survey drawing.

This guide describes in a complete way all the functions available in PowerTopoCE. The user issupposed to be familiar with the Windows operating system working on the device and be ableto perform such basic operations as using a pen, selecting an item from menu, choosing optionsin a dialog box, etc.

The frames displayed in this guide are referred to a Windows CE system with horizontal 320x240display; if the tool works on a Pocket PC system, frames can be slightly different.

System requirementsPowerTopoCE can work on devices with a 240x320 or 320x240 pixels display, 64 MB RAM, equipped with Windows® CE operating system, version 4.0 or upper, systems with Pocket PC2003 or upper.

AssistanceAssistance concerning the use of PowerTopoCE can be offered by local distributors of Pentax ins-truments.

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Precautions regarding safety

Below are reported some important information for your safety.

Using the software with generic total stationsIn case of using the software with generic total stations please read carefully the following information.

Laser beam emission by the distance measurement

Laser beam emission by the laser pointer

Laser beam emission by the laser plummet

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Activation press button or displayed on the device’s screen

Termination press button displayed on the device’s screen

Activationpress button on PocketPC systems or button on Windows CE

systems. In the dialog box that appear select the option Laser pointer and

then press the button or the button

TerminationPress button on PocketPC systems or button on Windows CE

systems. In the dialog box that appear unselect the option Laser pointerand then press the button or the button

Activationpress button on PocketPC systems or button on Windows CE

systems. In the dialog box that appear select the option Laser plummet and

then press the button or the button

TerminationPress button on PocketPC systems or button on Windows CE

systems. In the dialog box that appear unselect the option Laser plummetand then press the button or the button

Using the software with Pentax W-800 total stationIn case of using the software with Pentax W-800 total station please read carefully the followinginformation.

Laser beam emission by the distance measurement

Laser beam emission by the laser pointer

Laser beam emission by the laser plummet

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Activation press button or displayed on the total station screen.

Termination press button displayed on the total station screen.

Activationbutton from total station keyboard and by select the option

Laser pointer; finally press button or button to close the

dialog box

Terminationpress button from total station keyboard.

If laser pointer is not active the electronic-vial dialog box will appear

Activationbutton from total station keyboard and by select the option

Laser plummet; finally press button or button to close

the dialog box

Terminationpress button from total station keyboard and by unselect the option

Laser plummet; finally press button or button to close

the dialog box.

Product Setup

How to install PowerTopoCE in a Pentax W-800 total stationNormally, PowerTopoCE is supplied already installed in a SD or CF memory card; then, insert thecard containing the software in the corresponding total station slot.

The operation to be performed is merely the one allowing the registration of PowerTopoCEamong the device tools. To perform this operation, it is sufficient to execute PowerTopoCE Setup.exe file, available in the PowerTopoCE Setup folder of the PowerTopoCEmemory card supplied with the tool.

The dialog box now appearing will ask to specify the language the tool will have to use.

Press Install button to start setup procedure. The tool PowerTopoCE Setup will then take careof recording the tool in the device; at the end of the execution a dialog box will inform about theresult of the process.

At the end of the process the total station will be turned off and then turned on again auto matically. On restarting the device, on Windows desktop an icon will be displayed, which willallow to activate directly PowerTopoCE; moreover, the software can be activated by selectingWindows Start button, then Programs, and finally PowerTopoCE.

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Installing PowerTopoCE in a mobile device

PowerTopoCE is normally supplied already installed on a SD or CF memory card the only operation to be performed is the one allowing to register PowerTopoCE among the device programs. To perform this operation it is sufficient to execute PowerTopoCE Setup.exe file available in PowerTopoCE Setup folder of the memory card supplied with the tool.

On starting the tool verify whether the device contains all the libraries necessary for the properworking of PowerTopoCE; if the libraries are not available, the tool cannot work. If the libraries areavailable but not updated, then a message like the following will appear:

In both cases it is necessary to install the libraries in the device. The card supplied with the software contains the folder NETCF; install the CAB file contained in the folder simply by clickingon it.

PowerTopoCE Setup program will then register the tool in the device; once the execution hasbeen performed, a dialog box will inform about the result of the operation.

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Starting PowerTopoCE

Starting PowerTopoCE on Pentax W-800 total stationTo activate PowerTopoCE click twice on the tool icon, displayed on Windows desktop; otherwise,activate the software by selecting Windows Start button, then Programs, and finallyPowerTopoCE.

On starting the device for the first time, if the program has not been activated yet, a window willappear for the insertion of the setup code:

Insert on the correct fields Serial number, User data registration and Installation code as reported in the paper enclosed to the memory card.

On starting PowerTopoCE a window will appear, allowing to carry out some free measurements,without saving them in a specific work.

For further details concerning the window working see chapter How to perform free measureson page 128. To close the window of free measurements press Close button or ESC key.

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Once the window of free measurements has been closed, a window is displayed, allowing to create a new work or to open an already existing work:

For information concerning work creation mode refer to chapter Work management on page 29.

PowerTopoCE can be used also without having to create a new work or open an existing work;such mode can be activated also by selecting Close/Cancel from the previous window.In this case only some of the commands of PowerTopoCE will be available; in fact, only thosecommands will be made available, which do not require to interact with any data files.

Starting PowerTopoCE on a mobile deviceIn order to start PowerTopoCE select the item Programs and then the item PowerTopoCE.

In case the libraries needed for the proper working of the tool are not available, the tool cannotwork. If the libraries are available but not updated, then a message like the following will appear:

In both cases it is necessary to install the libraries in the device. The card supplied with the softwarecontains the folder NETCF; install the CAB file contained in the folder simply by clicking on it.In this way the libraries needed for the proper working of the tool are updated and the toolshould work correctly.

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On starting the program for the first time, a window will appear for the insertion of the setup code:

Insert on the correct fields Serial number, User data registration and Installation code asreported in the paper enclosed to the memory card.

On starting PowerTopoCE a window is displayed, which allows to create a new work or to openan already existing one.

For information concerning work creation mode refer to chapter Work management on page 29.PowerTopoCE can be used also without having to create a new work or open an existing work;such mode can be activated also by selecting Close/Cancel from the previous window. In thiscase only some of the commands of PowerTopoCE will be available; in fact, only those commands will be made available, which do not require to interact with any data files.

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Standard components

This chapter illustrates the working of a set of controls and components available in the dialogboxes that make up the application. Understanding the way they work is absolutely necessaryfor the best use of the tool.

Pentax W-800 total station keyboardPentax W-800 total station is equipped with a keyboard, allowing to insert alphanumeric data aswell as to move among input fields by directional arrows, and possesses 10 function keys:

How to insert alphanumeric characters in input fieldsIn order to insert alphanumeric characters in input fields it is necessary to use the buttons from 0 to9 available in the keyboard. Each button allows the insertion of different characters, so it is necessary to press the same button more than once, as long as the desired character is displayed.

The lower right corner of PowerTopoCE window displays the preview of the character that willbe inserted in input field.

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Each keyboard button corresponds to the following characters:

The tool provides for some optimizations as far as the keyboard working; for example, if a lowercase character is selected, the next character displayed will be a lowercase character again.If the last character selected is a number, the next character displayed will be a number again.

How to insert numeric characters in input fieldsIn numeric input fields it is possible to use directly keyboard buttons.

How to delete characters in input fieldsIn order to delete characters from input fields use the keyboard left directional button.

How to move among the windows input fields

To move among the input fields of a window, use the keyboard up and down directional buttons.

How to close keyboard dialog boxesIf atop the dialog box only button is available, the window can be closed by keyboardESC button.

On the contrary, if atop the dialog box and buttons are available, the windowcan be closed in two ways:

• By pressing ESC button, corresponding to Cancel button; in this case, the changesperformed will not be saved.

• By pressing Enter button, corresponding to OK button; in this case, the changes performedwill be saved.

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0 @ . _ - : /

1 P Q R S p r s

2 T U V t u v

3 W X Y Z w x y z

4 G H I g h i

5 J K L j k l

6 M N O m n o

7 Space ? ! _ ^ | &

8 A B C a b c

9 D E F d e f

. , : ; # ( )

x/- - + * / % = < >

How to use function keys in dialog boxesFunction keys can be used in different dialog boxes; very often, windows buttons are positionednext to function keys. In this case it is possible to use function keys instead of window buttons.An example of this situation is the graphic CAD:

In this case the first 5 function keys correspond to zoom commands, while F7, F8, F9 and F10function keys open the corresponding CAD menus.

In the windows where it is not possible to position the buttons near the function keys, the button reports the name of the corresponding function key. An example of this situation is thewindow below:

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How to activate bubble displayFrom the dialog boxes performing measures it is possible to retrieve the window showing theposition of the bubble. The electronic bubble window can be retrieved by using keyboardbutton. A dialog box similar to the following will appear:

The dialog box allow to change the compensator settings and to set laser pointer and laserplummet.

How to change EDM working modeTo change EDM working mode and then pass from a prism measure to a reflectorless measure itis possible to use button again.

Pressing the button repeatedly allows to choose among three different options as shown in thepreview window:

activates electronic bubble window

setting the EDM on reflectorless measures

setting the EDM on measures with reflector (prism)

setting the EDM on reflectorless Long Range mode measures

setting the EDM on sheet measures

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Battery levelIn the title bar of PowerTopoCE windows an icon similar to the following informs about battery level.

Completely Charged battery

Completely Uncharged battery

How to move in PowerTopoCE menusPowerTopoCE is equipped with a main menu which contains icons allowing to open in their turnother icon submenus. The tool commands have then been grouped together in submenus reachable from the main menu, according to the category they belong to.

Clicking on an icon in the main menu it is possible to have access to the icons of the corres ponding submenu.

Any submenu includes the item Back, which allows to go back to the main menu.

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Every icon, both in the main menu and in the submenu, reports a number that can be digitizedon the keyboard to retrieve the corresponding item. Therefore, in order to open File menu, it ispossible to click on the corresponding icon and press button 1 on keyboard; the same rule canbe applied to submenus. In this way it is possible to move among the tool commands more quickly than by using pens or arrows.

The upper side of PowerTopoCE main window reports the name of the current work and 3 icons:

indicates the level of the device battery charge. (available only if PowerTopoCE hasbeen installed in a mobile device and not in Pentax W-800 station).

opens the window for the management of instruments. See chapter Configure instruments on page 53.

opens the graphic window. See chapter Graphic CAD on page 69.

To exit the program select the icon Exit from main menu.

Dialog boxesAll the dialog boxes display common elements allowing to confirm the data inserted, annulmodifications or simply close the window. These buttons can have different shapes and position,depending on the tool working either on a Pocket PC or on a Windows CE system.

In Pocket PC systems windows can display, on the lower left toolbar, the following buttons.

by pressing this button the data contained in the window are confirmed and thewindow closes.

if this button comes with its meaning is to annul modifications and close thewindow; if not, it only closes the window.

opens virtual keyboard to simplify the insertion of data in the current input field. Seeparagraph Virtual keyboard on page 27.

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Pentax W-800: From main menu the window for instruments setting can beopened by using F9 function key.

Pentax W-800: From main menu the graphic window can be opened by usingF10 function key.

In Windows CE systems it is possible to find, on the upper right toolbar, the following buttons.

by pressing this button the current data are confirmed and the window is closed.

by pressing this button the modifications on current data are annulled and the win-dow is closed.

by pressing this button the window is closed.

opens virtual keyboard to simplify the insertion of data in the current input field. Seeparagraph Virtual keyboard on page 27.

Input fieldsAn input field is an area where the user can insert some values. An input field consists of a labeldescribing the value to be inserted in the field, followed by a rectangular area with a white background where to insert the value. Before inserting a value it is necessary to select the field by clicking on it or by pressing TABbutton until it is selected. A field is selected when the cursor is present in the input area.In input fields it is possible to insert some values by using PowerTopoCE virtual keyboard.

After selecting the field it is sufficient to press button or button. A dialog box willappear, which represents a virtual keyboard to use for the insertion of data. For more information see paragraph Virtual keyboard on page 27.

Local menuIn using the program it is possible to find some input fields reporting on their right a button likethis:

By pressing this button a local menu appears, which allows to activate alternative functions toinsert the datum required; the kind of options now appearing depends on the input field and onthe context in which it is used.

Selection from CADIn the input fields where it is necessary, indicate the name of an existing point. The following button is always present:

By this button it is possible to select the point required directly from the graphic window; fromthe graphic window click on the point desired.

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Pentax W-800: button corresponds to Enter button of Pentax W-800

keyboard; while and buttons correspond to ESC keyboard button.

Pentax W-800: To move among the input fields of a window, use the keyboardup and down directional buttons.

Note. If the point selected is situated near other points the tool will open a new windowreporting all the points positioned inside the area selected. Select from the table the pointdesired and close the window by confirmation button.

Options from buttonWhen the label of a button is preceded by the symbol , such as

it means that the button label changes if you click on it. Every time the button is pressed, the label changes and so does the option associated to it. Going on pressing the button all theoptions available will be displayed, from the first to the last and then the first again.

Managing of targetsBy PowerTopoCE it is possible to manage different prism configurations or other kinds of targets.This manager is particularly useful while working with different prisms at different heights orconstants; the software allows to pass quickly from a typology to another without having to resetmanually either the height or the constant.

By the same manager it is possible, if the instruments allow this, to change EDM measurementmode from “prism” to “without prism” (reflectorless).

In all the dialog boxes allowing the execution of measures, prism height is requested by an inputfield like the following:

An icon on the left of the input field indicates the current target:

prism

without-prism (reflectorless)

without-prism in Long Range mode (reflectorless long range)

sheet

By pressing button the local menu is opened, reporting the list of all the targets currently set:

Select from the list the target desired; the tool will update the value of prism height with the specific target value selected. If prism height is modified in input field, the new value will be updated also in the current view.

From local menu it is possible to select the item Targets…, which will open a dialog box similarto the following:

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Pentax W-800: in the input fields providing for button, the CAD can be retrieved by pressing directly F10 function key.

In order to set a target as the current one, first select the target from the list, then press Currentbutton.

It is possible to modify the targets display order by using Move up and Move down buttons.

In order to create a new target, press New button; the following dialog box will appear:

Assign a name to the target and then set the kind of target (prism or reflectorless), its height andthe prism constant. It is recommendable not to set the value of the prism constant if this has already been set alsoin the total station, otherwise it will be applied twice to the distance measured.

In order to modify a target, select it from the list and press Modify button.

To delete a target, select it from the list and press Delete button.

PagesIn the windows containing a lot of information, this is subdivided into pages, as shown below:

In order to pass to the different pages it is sufficient to press and buttons; to have direct access to the page desired

it is possible to open a pull down menu.

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Pentax W-800: to pass to the previous page it is possible to press F1 button; to pass to the next page it is possible to press F5 button.

Rapid insertionDistances, angles, height differences and azimuth can be normally inserted in the fields simplyby digitizing the value but some fast methods exist, that simplify the insertion of such values.

In order to insert the distance between two points it is sufficient to insert the name of the twopoints separated by the character “-“; as soon as the cursor is out of the input field, the tool willcalculate the distance between the two points and will insert it in the field.

Another method is to use the local menu associated to the input field and select the item Select from CAD; from the graphic window select the two points to use to calculate the distance. Then, using the local menu, it is also possible to specify a distance by indicating thepoints to be measured from the table; select from local menu the item Select from table. Indicate onthe table the first point to measure and confirm, then select the second point and confirm.

What has just been illustrated for the distance is valid also for the insertion of azimuth and heightdifferences.

On the contrary, to insert the angle between three points, it is sufficient to insert the name of thethree points, separated by the character “-“; as soon as the cursor is out of the input field, the tool willcalculate the angle between the three points, taking the second point as the centre of the angle.

By using the input field local menu the three points can be specified in the graphic windowor from the table.

If the values to be inserted are derived from a calculation, this can be performed by activating,from local menu, PowerTopoCE scientific calculator.

For further information see paragraph Calculator on page 28.

Virtual keyboardA virtual keyboard is a dialog box displaying a set of buttons that stand for the traditional keysof a common keyboard. The purpose of a virtual keyboard is to simplify the insertion of data intodevices that are not equipped with a normal keyboard.

A virtual keyboard can be retrieved from any window or input field by pressing buttonor button.

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The keyboard can be displayed in either alphabetical or numeric mode; the tool sets automaticallythe correct mode, according to the kind of input field (numeric or not).It is possible to pass from a mode to another by the following buttons:

displays alphabetical keyboard.

displays numeric keyboard.

displays symbols keyboard.

In order to confirm the value inserted press button. The value digitized will be inserted in the current input field.

CalculatorPowerTopoCE integrates a scientific calculator that can be retrieved directly from some inputfields by using a local menu .

The value calculated is automatically displayed as the value inserted in the input field. The cal culator can also be retrieved from PowerTopoCE menu: select the item Job and then Calculator.

Digitize the formula to be calculated and press button. The tool will calculate theresult and put the formula in the list situated on the upper side of the table. By selecting a previous formula the tool recalculates the result.

Help on linePowerTopoCE is equipped with an integrated help on line accessible from the main menu byselecting the item Help.

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Work managementThis chapter analyses in detail different aspects concerning work creation and management,such as data import and export, links with external files, data transfer between device and PC.

Moreover, it specifies the data created by the tool and the techniques adopted to prevent theloss of data due to accidental factors.

Work fileEvery work created by PowerTopoCE consists of at least two files: a work file containing thewhole information and the so called RAW file.

The work file is a binary file with work name and. TCE extension; it contains work data, settings,drawings, references to external works.

On the contrary, the RAW file is an ASCII file with work name and .RAW extension; it is generatedautomatically on creating the work and it is essentially a log file recording all the operationswhich create or modify points. PowerTopoCE never reads data from the RAW file but uses it onlyfor writing.

The purpose of the raw file is double: it can be used to rebuild the work file if this has been lostfor some reason and it can be used by some other software to read the work data.

Other important files are those represented by the libraries of the survey codes, saved in the toolmain folder with COD extension.

How to create a workIn order to create a new work select the item File from the main menu and then the itemNew/Open.

Press New button.

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Enter the name of the work to be created and the possible descriptions. Use button toselect the folder where to save the work.It is possible to create the new work by using a start model containing, for example, specific settings and work parameters. The models available are listed in Model list; to create a work according to a specific model,select it from the list or select <None>. For information on how to create a model refer to theparagraph How to open a work on page 31.

Press Next button to go on defining the information concerning the new work.

If the folder set is not situated in a permanent memory area the tool informs the user about it.

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WARNING! Please select a folder situated in a permanent memory area of the device or ofa memory card. In case of a system reset the files that are not situated in a permanentmemory area could be lost.

In this window it is possible to set the code library to use during the survey. Select from the listthe library to use or select <None>. Press End to stop the process that creates a new work.

The tool asks whether to pass automatically to the creation of the first station. Answer Yes if youare positioned on the first station and the connection with the instruments has already been setand checked.

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WARNING! When using PowerTopoCE it is not necessary to save work data, sincePowerTopoCE saves automatically every change made on the data; in this way, at all events(battery exhaustion, accidental turning off, etc.) no information will be lost and it will bepossible to resume the work exactly from the point where it had been interrupted. The tool saves the survey data also in the RAW file and it is also equipped with an automatic save system which intervenes at intervals definable by the user and performs abackup of the files. For information concerning the automatic backup see the chapterSettings and preferences on page 59.

How to open a workTo open an existing work select the item File from the main menu and then the item New/Open.

This window lists the works available in the folder selected. To modify the current folderpress button. Select the file to open and press Open button.

From this window it is possible to open other kinds of files as BAK file or RAW file. Select the kindof file to load from the list File type:

PowerTopoCE: work files.

PowerTopoCE BAK: BAK files of a work, resulting from the automatic backup. By selectingthis option the BAK files contained in the current folder will be displayed. By opening a BAK file the tool prompts for a confirmationand for the name to set to the work the BAK file will restore. For the settings concerning the backup see the chapter Settings and preferences on page 59.

PowerTopoCE RAW: RAW files of a work. By selecting this option the RAW files contained inthe current folder will be displayed. By opening RAW file the toolinforms that a conversion of the RAW file into a work file is going to beperformed and prompts for the name to set to the new work.

How to save a work with a different nameTo create a copy of the current work with a new name select the item File from the main menuand then the item Save as. A dialog box asks to indicate the new name to set to the work andthe folder where to save it. Press OK to perform a copy of the file.

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Warning!The tool goes on working not on the original file but on the file with the new name.

How to create a modelThe command Save as can be used also to create a work model to use on creating new works.From the dialog box which prompts for the new name to set to the work, select the itemPowerTopoCE Model from Type list.

A model file will be created in the tool main folder.

ImportationIn order to import data with other formats into PowerTopoCE work it is possible to use theImport function available by selecting the item File from the main menu.

It is possible to import coordinates from ASCII files and drawings from DXF files.

Importing coordinates from ASCII filesSelect the option Coordinates from ASCII file and press Next button.

Press Browse button to select the file to load. Specify the data included in the ASCII file and theirsequence: from the list on the left select the data contained in the ASCII file one by one and press button.

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The datum will be added to the list on the right. ** Ignore ** field can be used for those valueswhich, even if contained in the ASCII file, must not be imported. After defining the fields andtheir order, press Next button.

Select the character delimiting the different fields inside the ASCII file. It is also possible to exclude from importation the first lines. The table shows the preview of the final result of theimportation. Press End button to start the importation.

During the importation the tool verifies, for each point to import, whether the work already contains a point with the same name; if a point with the same name already exists and has exactly the same coordinates, the point will be ignored. Vice versa, if the point exists but has different coordinates, a window will appear, by which to choose among different options beforegoing on.

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The window says that the point is already in the file and asks whether the existing point has tobe replaced by the new one. The possible options are the following:

Yes: the existing point is deleted and the new point is imported.

Yes all: the existing point is deleted and the new point is imported; this choicewill be applied also to the other points already existing in the work file.

No: the point is not imported and the existing point is maintained.

No all: the point is not imported and the existing point is maintained; this choicewill be applied also to the other points already existing in the work file.

Rename: imports the point setting the name proposed in Start from input field.

All: imports the point setting the name proposed in Start from input field;this choice will be applied also to the other points already existing inthe work file.

Compare coordinates: opens a dialog box displaying the coordinates of the existing point andof the point to import.

Stop importing: interrupts the importation of points

Importation of DXF filesSelect the option DXF file and press Next button. Press Browse button to select the file to load. Wait until the importation of the DXF file has been carried out.

The tool imports the following DXF entities: layer, line types, lines, polylines, arcs, circles, texts. The complete drawing is imported in the work, so it is not just a link to an external file.

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ExportationIn order to export data with other formats into PowerTopoCE work it is possible to use theExport function available by selecting the item File from the main menu.

It is possible to export coordinates and measures into ASCII files, survey drawing into DXF files.

Exporting coordinates or measures from ASCII filesSelect the option Coordinates to ASCII file to export the coordinates or the option Measuresto ASCII file to export the measures; press Next button.

Press Browse button to specify the name and the path of the file to create. Specify the data tobe exported into the ASCII file and their sequence: from the list on the left select one by one thekind of data to export and press button.

The datum will be added to the list on the right. After defining the fields and their order, press Next button.

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Select the character to use to delimit the different fields in the ASCII file. Press End button to startexportation.

Exporting a drawing into DXF fileSelect the option DXF File and press Next button.

In this window set the following parameters:

DXF by drawing: by activating this option, the points available in the work are exported asAutoCAD POINT entities; point data (name, code, elevation, description)are exported as texts.

DXF by work: by activating this option, the points available in the work are exported asAutoCAD blocks with attributes; attributes are point data (name, code, elevation, description).

Text height: height of the labels (name, code, elevation, etc.) of topographic point texts.

Export DXF 3D: activate this option to generate a 3D DXF; deactivate this option to generate a 2D DXF.

Press Next button. Specify name of the DXF to create and storage path.

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Linking external worksBy this command it is possible to link, as external references, both works performed withPowerTopoCE and raster images. When a PowerTopoCE work is linked as external reference, thetool loads the points and the drawing of the linked work and makes it possible to manage thesedata in the current drawing; the data of the linked work are loaded from the original file everytime the work is opened, but they are never saved in the current drawing. Only the path to thefile to be linked is saved in the work.The points of the linked works are displayed in the table of coordinates with the points of thecurrent drawing and the drawing is displayed in the graphic window with the data of the currentdrawing. It is not possible to modify the points or the drawing of a linked work; points and drawing can be used as reference for survey, staking, etc. All the graphic data of the linkedPowerTopoCE work are assigned to the same layer: REF-EXT followed by the name of the work.

The points of a linked work can be used, for example, as reference points for the orientation ofthe station in the current drawing; otherwise, the drawing of a work can be linked to differentworks of geometry annotation.

At any moment it is possible to make the data of the linked works invisible or remove the connection.

To link PowerTopoCE works or raster images to the current work, select the item Job from themain menu and then the item Maps.

How to link a work or a raster imageTo link PowerTopoCE works or raster images to the current work, press Add button; a dialog boxwill make it possible to indicate the file to link. From Type list select the kind of file to link:

PowerTopoCE: PowerTopoCE workBMP: BMP format imagesPNG: PNG format imagesTIF: TIF format images

The file selected is added to the table.

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How to make visible a job or a raster imageIn order to change, inside the graphic window, the status of visibility of a linked work or of a raster image it is sufficient to click on the corresponding table line; the file will be visible in casethe cell is selected , invisible in the opposite situation .

All on and All off buttons make it possible to make all the linked files either visible or invisible.

How to change the display order of the files selectedTo change the order by which the linked files (PowerTopoCE works and images) are displayed inthe graphic window it is sufficient to select from the table the file to move and use Move up andMove down buttons until the desired position is reached.

The files will be displayed according to the table order; the first table file will be displayed first,the last in the list will be the last to be displayed.

Remove link to a work or a raster imageIn order to remove the link to a PowerTopoCE work or to a raster image it is sufficient to selectthe corresponding table line and press Delete button.

Deleting a workIn order to delete a PowerTopoCE work select the item Delete job from File menu. The tool asksto indicate the name of the work to be deleted and the folder where it is positioned. If the request to confirm the deletion of the file selected is answered affirmatively, the tool willdelete all the work files; work file, RAW file and BAK file will be deleted.

Work transferPowerTopoCE is equipped with an autonomous protocol for the transfer of files by PC through aserial cable. In order to allow the transfer, it is necessary to have one of the softwares listed belowinstalled in the PC.

DL-02: SierraSoft freeware software allowing the connection to field data recorders andtransfer of data from field data recorder to PC and vice versa. Moreover, DL-02 offersa simple procedure of survey calculation as well as different procedures of dataimport and export. DL-02 can also be used for the transfer of survey data fromPowerTopoCE to PC and vice versa.

Topko: Topko is SierraSoft topography software for Microsoft Windows operating systemPCs. Topko is available in different configurations; to allow the connection withPowerTopoCE it is necessary to possess Topko, T module, Numeric topography inparticular. For further information concerning Topko functions and features seeSierraSoft internet site: www.sierrasoft.com.

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WARNING! To allow the transfer of data from DL-02 to PowerTopoCE it is necessary to connect the two devices by a serial cable.

DL-02 setupDL-02 can be installed by the CD supplied with the tool. Insert the CD in the drive so as to activate a window allowing to have access to some supplementary resources, among which DL-02 setup.

Prepare PowerTopoCE for data transferIn order to perform the transfer of data from PowerTopoCE to PC and vice versa, select File menuand then the item Transfer from PowerTopoCE menu.

Choose the COM port connecting the serial cable with the device and press Next.

Press button to select the folder containing the works to transfer and to receive from DL-02. Leave PowerTopoCE in this condition as long as the transfer of data has been completed.

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Prepare DL-02 for data transferIn order to perform the transfer of data with PowerTopoCE, select button and set thedata as follows:

Choose the COM port connecting the serial cable to the display and press OK to confirm the settings.

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How to transfer works from PowerTopoCE to DL-02

From DL-02 main window select button:

Open work list from Work name check box. After some seconds the PowerTopoCE works available in the folder selected will appear; select the work to be downloaded and pressDownload button.

When the transfer has been performed, the table of measures and coordinates will display thedata of the work that has been transferred.

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How to transfer works from DL-02 to PowerTopoCECoordinates can be transferred from DL-02 to PowerTopoCE only if they have already been loaded manually or by importation procedures.

From the main window select button:

Set the name of the work to create in PowerTopoCE folder and then press Load button.At the end of the process a PowerTopoCE format file will be available in the folder selected inPowerTopoCE, which can be opened and used.

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How to import PowerTopoCE format data into DL-02If a PC contains a PowerTopoCE format file this can easily be imported into DL-02 by selecting

button. From the window now appearing select the item Field data recorder file and press Next.

Select the PowerTopoCE format file to import and press Import button.

At the end of the transfer the data of the work that has been imported will be available in thetable of measures and coordinates.

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How to export from DL-02 PowerTopoCE format dataIn order to generate a PowerTopoCE format file from DL-02 on your PC select button.From the window now appearing select the item Field data recorder files and press Next.

Indicate the path and the name to assign to the file to be exported and press Export button.

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How to transfer data from PowerTopoCE to TopkoIn order to transfer data from PowerTopoCE to Topko select File menu and then the Topko itemField data recorder. From the window now appearing select the item Direct import from fielddata recorder.

Set the window as follows:

Press Change button to set communication parameters:

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Choose the COM port connecting the serial cable to the device and set the parameters as indicated in the window. Press OK to confirm.

In the window above set the name of the PowerTopoCE format file to create on the PC and choose, from the list Job name, the PowerTopoCE work to import.

Press Next. At the end of the process Topko will have imported all the data of PowerTopoCEwork: measures, coordinates, drawing.

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How to transfer works from Topko to PowerTopoCEIn order to transfer data from Topko to PowerTopoCE select File menu and then the Topko itemField data recorder. From the window now appearing select the item Direct export on fielddata recorder.

Set the window as follows:

Set the name of the PowerTopoCE format file to be created in the PC and the name this work willhave in PowerTopoCE folder. Press Next to start the exportation of PowerTopoCE format dataand for their transfer on the device.

At the end of the process the folder selected in PowerTopoCE will contain the PowerTopoCE format file that can be opened and used; the file will contain data referred to the current surveysubproject and to the current drawing subproject.

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How to import PowerTopoCE format data into TopkoIf a PC contains a PowerTopoCE format file, this can easily be imported into Topko by selectingthe item Field data recorder from File menu. From the window now appearing select the itemImport topographic instruments format file and press Next.

Press Browse button to select the PowerTopoCE format file to load; then press Load button.At the end of the process Topko will have imported all the data of PowerTopoCE work: measures,coordinates, drawing.

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How to export PowerTopoCE format data from TopkoIn order to generate on your PC a PowerTopoCE format file from Topko select the item Field datarecorder from File menu. From the window now appearing select the item Export topograp-hic instruments format file.

Indicate the path and the name to assign to the file to export, then press Export button.

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Information about the workThis command provides for some general information concerning the current work and allowsto display the content of the RAW file.To open this window select the item Job from the main menu and then the item Info.

The first page, info, illustrates some data of the work, such as name, folder, code library used, filesize, date of creation and modification; it also provides for information concerning the numberof points and measures as well as the name of the first and last point measured. Finally, it reportsthe total memory and the amount of the available one.

The second page, Raw file, shows the content of the RAW file.

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Information about PowerTopoCEThis command provides for some information concerning the PowerTopoCE version being used.

The window reports the name of the user who registered the program and a table reportingsome information concerning tool version, database version and the versions of the main libraries used.

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Configure instruments

Configuration of instruments on Pentax W-800In case PowerTopoCE is used on Pentax W-800 total station it is not possible to create other ins-trument configurations.By pressing the button marked by icon, and situated atop PowerTopoCE main window, it is possible to open Pentax W-800 configuration window.

From this window it is possible to change different working parameters of the total station; configuration parameters are distributed in 3 pages. On the first page the following parametersare available:

EDM mode: Electronic Distance Meter; it is possible to choose among the followingoptions:• Precise• High-speed• Standard• Tracking

Quick measure: allow to activate quick measure

Target type: the kind target used to carry out the measurement; it is possible to choose amongthe following options:

• Sheet• Prism• Reflectorless• Reflectorless (long range)

Long Range message: if active, a warning message appears before a measurestarts in Reflectorless Long Range mode.

Prism constant (mm): value of the constant of the prism used. Such field appears only if the configuration window is activated from the window of free measurements.See chapter How to perform free measures.

Remember that it is possible to change quickly EDM working mode by using keyboardbutton or by using Manage targets.

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The second page contains the following parameters:

Compensator: configuration of total station compensator.Shots count: number of reading to be performed at every measurement. An averagevalue will be used, that has been obtained from all the measures taken.

Laser pointer: this option activates the display of a laser pointer.

Plumb laser: this option activates the station plumb laser.

The third page contains the following parameters:

Refraction / Curvature correction: correction factor of refraction and terrestrial curvature; it ispossible to choose among the following options:

• 0.14• 0.20• No correction

AUTOMATIC atmospheric correction: this option activates the automatic correction of measures by the total station by using an atmospheric sensor.

Auto Power OFF: options of total station and EDM automatic power off.

Setup: this button appears only if configuration window is activated from free measurementswindow and allows to change some of the window display parameters such as number of deci-mals and measure units to use.

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Configure instrumentsThis chapter shows how to configure PowerTopoCE so as to let it communicate with the topographic instruments and then not only command the reading of angles and distances butalso set specific work modes of the instruments.

By PowerTopoCE it is possible to create different configurations of instruments, so the tool canbe used with the instruments available in the office, without having to reset communication andwork parameters every time the instruments change.

PowerTopoCE supports the most widespread topographic instrument brands and models. Ifyour set of instruments is not among these models, please contact your local distributor ofPentax products or Pentax technical support.

The management of the instruments can be activated from icon, displayed on the upperside of PowerTopoCE main window. From the pull down menu select the item Instrumentssetup.

The table reports the list of the configurations created by PowerTopoCE.

Create a new configurationIn order to create a new configuration press New button:

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In this window it is possible to set the following data:

Name: name that describes the configuration.

Brand: instruments brand.

Model: the models supported are listed according to the brand selected.

Freq. Upd.: it is the frequency with which the tool queries the total station to obtain the current angular values; such values are displayed numerically in the windowwhere survey measures are performed and under the form of a vector in the graphic window; basically, the graphic window displays uninterruptedly the ins-trument current direction. To exclude this work mode select the item None.

Port: name of the device serial port to use to communicate with the total station.

Baud: transmission speed.

Parity: kind of parity to use in the transmission.

Data: number of data bits.

Stop: number of stop bits.

By Settings button it is possible to perform some specific settings referred to the instrumentselected. Some instruments do not provide for any kind of supplementary settings while othersallow to set, for example, EDM use mode or other work parameters.

How to make a configuration currentIn order to make one of the table configurations current it is sufficient to select it from the listand press Current button. Icon will shift to the configuration selected.

For some instruments the tool checks immediately whether the total station is connected and ifit answers to commands; for other instruments this is not possible, so it is necessary to test theactual working by one of the survey commands, such as Free measures command (see chapterSurvey on page 113)

How to modify a configurationTo modify one of the configurations it is sufficient to select it from the table and press Modifybutton or Enter button from the device keyboard (if available). The same window will appear,with which the configuration has been created; modify data and press confirmation button.

How to delete a configurationIn order to delete a configuration it is sufficient to select it from the table and press Delete button. The configuration selected must not be the current one.

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Warning. Some instruments are not fast enough to supply the current angular values. Inthis case, setting too low updating frequencies could cause the tool bad working both onusing the graphic window and on carrying out the survey.Therefore, please set this value very carefully.

Warning.Baud, Parity, Data and Stop parameters must be exactly those used by the instruments.

Settings and preferencesThis chapter illustrates the operations that can be set in order to check the tool working in everyphase. Settings refer to the current work and not to the tool in general.

In order to open settings dialog box select the item Job from the main menu and then the item Setup.

The dialog box is made up of different pages containing the different setting options.

Select the page desired using and buttons or the list in the middle.

Confirmation button saves the modifications in the current work and makes them immediatelyeffective; cancel button will save none of the changes made.

General

By this page it is possible to perform the following settings:

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Numeric Codes: this option controls the kind of virtual keyboard appearing when a survey code has to be typed in; if the option is active the numeric keyboard will appear, if not the alphabetical keyboard will appear.

Beep on point saving: if it is selected, the tool will give out a beep every time a new survey point is created.

Display keyboard: enables the use of the virtual keyboard.

Autosave every: enables the automatic saving. It is possible to set an interval of someminutes between an automatic saving and the following one. The automatic savingperforms automatically a copy of the work file and of the RAW file. To open the file ofan automatic saving it is sufficient to use the standard command that opens a work,specifying PowerTopoCE BAK in File type section list.

For further information on how to open a BAK file refer to paragraph How to open a work on page 31.

Units of measurement

This page makes it possible to set the units of measurement used by the tool.

Units for distances: unit of measurement of distances expressed in metres or feet.

Units for angles: unit of measurement of angles expressed in centesimal Degrees, decimal Degrees and Degrees / Minutes / Seconds.

Azimuth type: defines the position and the direction of azimuth directions.

Units for slope: representation mode of slopes as ratio between height and base or aspercentage value.

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Format

By this page it is possible to set the degree of precision according to which to display the different values managed by the tool.

Coordinates: number of decimals for coordinates.

Distances: number of decimals for distances.

Angles: number of decimals for angles.

Stations: number of decimals for stations.

Elevations: number of decimals for elevations.

Areas: number of decimals for areas.

Slopes: number of decimals for slopes.

Type Degrees/min/sec: representation mode of angles if in Unit page Degrees/min/sec hasbeen chosen as angles unit of measure.

Type stations: representation mode of stations; Standard mode, by which they arerepresented as distances, or X+YYY.ZZZ mode.

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Coordinates

By this page it is possible to set the coordinates display order and the symbol to use to represent them.

Coordinates order: it is possible to display the coordinates according to East/North orNorth/East mode.

Symbols: it is possible to set the symbols to use for any of the coordinates.

CAD

By this page it is possible to set, most of all, the entities to display in the graphic window.

Survey points: displays survey points

Point name: displays point name next to the point itself.

Point code: displays point code next to the point itself.

Point elevation: displays point elevation next to the point itself.

Measures: displays measure lines from station to points.

Control points: displays control points.

Parcels: displays cadastral parcels.

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Drawing: displays the work drawing elements.

Drawing mono: displays drawing elements with one colour.The colour can be selected from the item Monochrome map colour.

External maps: displays the external files linked to the current work.

Points with symbol: displays the points with a symbol the survey code has set on them.

Linetypes: displays lines with their line type; otherwise, all the lines are displayed as continuous lines.

Drawing from codes: displays the drawing resulting automatically from the survey by using codes.

Line type scale: global scale factor to use to represent line types.Colour monochrome map: colour to use to represent the drawing if Drawing mono option hasbeen selected. To change the colour, click on the coloured area and then select the colour fromthe dialog box now appearing.

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Survey

From this page it is possible to set some options regulating the mode by which point survey operations are carried out.

Prompt for Codes/Desc.: by activating this option, before registering the measure, the tool displays a window that asks to specify the code and the description to set to thepoint. This window appears only if you press Measure button, while it does not appear ifyou press Meas.&Reg. button.

Prompt for prism height: by activating this option, before registering the measure, thetool displays a window that asks to specify the prism height. This window appears only ifyou press Measure button, while it does not appear if you press Meas.&Reg. button.

Prompt for layer: by activating this option, before registering the measure, the tool displaysa window that asks to specify the layer where to save the point. This window appears only ifyou press Measure button, while it does not appear if you press Meas.&Reg. button.

Create new codes: by activating this option the tool verifies whether the code typed in isalready included in the survey code table linked to the work. If the code is not present awindow will ask whether to insert the code in the current list of survey codes.

Tolerances: in this group it is possible to set the tolerances the tool must use during the survey.For example, direct and reversed measures are used to make sure that between the direct measure and the reversed measure there are no differences exceeding the tolerance set; in casethe tolerance is exceeded, the user will be informed by the tool.

Backsight Angle: by this option it is possible to decide what value to set to the total station horizontal angle when a station is oriented towards a known point or a previous station. Possibleoptions are the following:

Not set: by this option the total station horizontal angle is not modified.

Set 0: by this option the tool sets on 0 the total station angle before performing prismmeasure. The angles of the points surveyed later will then be referred to orientation point.

Set to azimuth: by this option the tool sets the total station angle to the azimuth valuecalculated between station and point. In this way, the angles returned by the total stationare always azimuth.

However, such mode can be modified by the user also during the orientation.

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Staking

From this page it is possible to set some options regulating the mode by which point stakingoperations are performed.

Start with fast EDM: by activating this option the tool gets ready to start point stakeout byfast procedure. The tool will set the station to perform faster measures, even if less precise.

Prompt for layer: by activating this option, before saving a staked point, the tool displaysa window that asks to specify the layer to set to the point.

Display Delta before saving: by activating this option, before saving a staking point, thetool displays a window that sums up distance differences between the position of theprism and the point.

Distance Tolerance: tolerance distance between the prism and the point to reach. When theprism is within the maximum distance allowed, the tool informs that the position has been reached.

Turn station: this option can be applied only to motorized stations; it is possible to chooseamong the following possibilities:

No: station must be turned manually.3D Auto (HA+VA): station will be automatically turned horizontally and vertically towardsthe point.2D Auto (HA): station will be automatically turned horizontally towards the point.

Display delta: this option controls the modality by which the tool provides graphic informationconcerning the position of the prism as to the point to stakeout. Possible modalities are the following:

Angle and distance: displays the angular value according to which to move the prism inorder to reach station-point direction; it displays also the distance from point.

Distances: displays the distance of the prism as to station-point line and then the distance from point.

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Stakeout line: this option allows to change the display of the data calculated. Possible modalities are the following:

Dir. St.>Prism. In this case the tool displays the distances to reach the line considering station-prism direction.Dir. Pnt.>Line. In this case the tool displays the shortest distance (perpendicular) to reachthe line considering the prism current position.

Repetitions

In this page it is possible to set the options regulating the mode by which repetitions measurements are performed.

Tolerances: tolerances verified by the tool during survey by layer. If in a measure, the angles orthe distances exceed the tolerance set, the tool informs the user by a dialog box.

Measures sequence: specifies the order according to which measurements are performed. At present, only the following option is available:

BS > FS ^ FS > BS: measure on backsight point, measure on foresight point, spyglass reversing, foresight point reversed sight, backsight point reversed sight.

Number of sets: number of sets (repetitions) to perform.

Measure distance to backsight: if this option is active the tool measures the distancealso on backsight point.

Measure distance on reversed: if this option is active the tool measures the distance alsoon reversed sights.

Automatic repetition: if this option is active, the tool, after the first orientation sight andthe first sight to point, performs automatically the positioning of the station on the pointsto measure.

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Coefficients

In this page it is possible to set all the physical and environmental parameters that can influence coordinate calculation.

Temperature: ambient temperature expressed in °C.

Pressure: ambient pressure expressed in mmb.

Refraction Coefficient: if inserted, together with earth radius, it involves adjustment calculation for atmospheric refraction. Standard value k= 0,13.

Average elevation: survey average elevation. Used with earth radius value for reductionof distances to sea level.

Earth Radius: expressed in metres; if defined, it influences calculation of sphericity, refraction, reduction to sea level. If not defined, it allows no calculation of any.

Scale factor: Value used to reduce on a cartographic plane sea level horizontal distance(Gauss-Boaga, Cassini Soldner, Gauss-Kruger, etc.)

Use of coefficients in the calculation of coordinatesIn calculating the coordinates from the measures taken by the instrument the tool can considerthe following factors:

• Earth sphericity• Atmospheric refraction• Atmospheric pressure• temperature• reduction of distances to sea level• reduction of distances to projection plane

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Warning. If some of these factors have already been applied by the instruments it is notcorrect to apply a new correction by PowerTopoCE.

The sequence of the corrections, provided the slope distance is known, is the following:

• atmospheric correction, caused by pressure and temperature

Real slope distance = ( Incorrect measured distance ) * (1+ ppm*10-6)

Where ppm is the atmospheric correction in mm/km.

Atmospheric correction = 281.8 - (0.29065 * Pressure) / (1 + 0.00366 * Temperature) in ppm

• reduction of real slope distance to horizontal distance

Horizontal distance in m = Y - A * X * YHeight difference in m = X + B * Y 2

Where:

X = (Real slope distance) * Abs (Sin (Vertical angle measured) )Y = (Real slope distance) * Cos (Vertical angle measured)A = (1 - k / 2) / R = 1.47*10-6B = (1 - k ) / (2 * R) = 6.83*10-8

K = Refraction coefficient (0.13)R = Earth radius in m(6378000)

• reduction to sea level

Sea level distance in m = Horizontal distance * (1 – Elevation on sea level / Earth radius)

• Reduction to cartographic planeDistance reduced to cartographic plane = Distance reduced to sea level * Scale factor

Files

In this page it is possible to define the table of survey codes to be used during the survey andstakeout operations. For further information concerning survey codes refer to Survey codesparagraph on page 91.

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Graphic CADPowerTopoCE is equipped with a complete graphic CAD which can display survey data, linkedworks and raster images. The CAD, moreover, makes it possible to add such drawing elements aslines, arcs, circles, polylines, texts, using also snaps to object. Directly from the graphic window itis also possible to insert new topographic points to use then for staking.All the drawing data can be arranged in layers, with the managements of colours and line types. The graphic window can also display the position of the current station, the position of theprism, the direction used for the orientation and direction of the instruments.

The graphic CAD can be retrieved from PowerTopoCE main window by selecting button.Moreover, many dialog boxes are equipped with a button for the direct access to the graphicwindow.

DisplayThe display of a drawing can be modified by the first four toolbar buttons:

Zoom all: makes the whole drawing visible.

Zoom window: performs a zoom on an area of the drawing. The tool asks to indicatetwo vertexes of the area to be magnified.

Zoom more: magnifies drawing display.

Zoom less: reduces drawing display.

Zoom on point: allows to perform a direct zoom on the topographic point specified.

In order to move the current view it is sufficient to click on the display and, keeping the pen pressed, drag the view towards a new position.View shift can be obtained also by using device keyboard arrows (if available).

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Snap to objectSnaps to object reduce the specification of points to precise positions, such as medium point orintersection, of existing objects. Snaps to object allow to find out quickly the exact position of anobject without knowing its coordinates or drawing building lines.

Osnap to object supported are the following:

Extreme: performs the snap to the nearest end point of such objects as lines or arcs.

Intersection: performs the snap to the intersection of such objects as lines or arcs.

Medium: performs the snap to the medium point of such objects as lines or arcs.

Perpendicular: performs the snap to point on an object that forms a normal, that is to saya perpendicular alignment, with another object or with an imaginary extension of thatobject. Perpendicular snap to object can be used with arcs, circles, lines, polylines.

Centre: performs the snap to the centre of an arc or a circle. When a snap to centre is performed, select a visible part of the arc or the circle.

Tangent: performs a snap to a point on an arc or a circle that appears to be tangent toanother object.

Insertion: performs a snap to a text insertion point.

Node: performs a snap to a point object.

Near: performs a snap to the position that is the nearest to the point selected.

None: deactivates snap to object mode.

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How to set and use snaps to objectTo activate or deactivate a snap to object press button and, from pull down menu, select the itemcorresponding to the snap to activate/deactivate. Snaps to object can be controlled also by a dialog box allowing to set specific working options.

To open the dialog box that controls the snaps to objects, press button and, from the pulldown menu, select the item Osnap.

In this window it is possible to activate and deactivate different typologies of snap to object but,mostly , it is possible to control two options:

Use only snap to object points: by activating this option it is not possible to indicate, onscreen, points that do not correspond to a snap to object. Basically, it is not possible todraw, for example, a free line, but only a line that is linked to an already existing object.

Confirm snap to object point: when this option is active the tool checks whether a validsnap to object exists for the point indicated. If it exists, the position of the point to be usedwill appear on screen; if you click on the area indicated by the tool the snap calculated willbe used, otherwise it is necessary to start again by indicating the point to link again.

How to insert data in the graphic windowDifferent commands available in the graphic window require the insertion of such data as pointnames, texts, sizes, etc.In these cases, a toolbar appears in the graphic window, which allows to insert the values required. The command line is similar to the following:

An input field allows to insert the value required while the two buttons and allow eitherto confirm the value inserted and go on, or to stop the command.

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Moreover, different commands require to specify a topographic point; it is possible either to indi-cate this point on screen, by clicking on it, or to type in its name on command line. When a pointis required, if you click on it and other topographic points are situated nearby, the tool will list ina table all the points available near the point indicated:

Select from the list the point desired and then press confirmation button.

Drawing commandsThe graphic CAD is equipped with commands allowing to insert drawing points, parcels as well asto draw lines, polylines, arcs, circles, texts. The objects drawn will be inserted in the current layer.

Inserting a topographic point

To insert a new topographic point press button and, from pull down menu, select the itemTopographic point.

The tool asks to indicate the position of the point on the graphic window: click with the pen onthe position required.

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The window is composed of two pages: Point and Properties. In Point page it is possible to define the name to set to the point and the coordinates obtained from the graphic window aredisplayed. Moreover, it is possible to set a code and a description. Option Control point allowsto identify the new point as reference point.

From Properties page it is possible to choose the layer to set the new point to, as well as thecolour. The tool displays automatically the layer corresponding to the code set to the point;however, the layer can be selected either by pull down menu or by Layer button, retrieving layermanagement window.

Layer window makes it possible to create new layers or modify the properties (colour and linetype) of the existing ones.After selecting the layer, the tool proposes a colour assigned to the layer; to assign the point acolour that is different from layer by colour it is sufficient to click on the panel that reports thecolour.

From the dialog box now appearing it is possible to choose the colour desired by deactivatingthe option Colour By Layer.

Press confirmation button to save the new point.

How to insert a cadastral parcel

To insert a cadastral parcel press button and, from pull down menu, select the item Parcel.

On command line the tool asks to specify the name to set to the parcel. Later on, it will asks tospecify the topographic points delimiting it. When the parcel start vertex is indicated again thecommand will interrupt automatically.

How to draw orthogonal polylines

To insert a drawing line or polyline press button and, from pull down menu, select the itemLine or Polyline.

The tool asks to indicate the points among which to build the line or polyline; it is possible eit-her to indicate the point on screen or to retrieve a topographic point by entering in its name on command line.To stop the drawing press button.

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The tool asks to indicate the points among which to build the line or polyline; it is possible eit-her to indicate the point on screen or to retrieve a topographic point by entering in its name on command line. To stop the drawing press button.

How to draw orthogonal polylinesTo insert a polyline with segments that are orthogonal to each other as to a predefined

alignment press the item and, from pull down menu, select the item Polyline Ortho.

The tool asks to indicate the two points that form the reference alignment; it is possible either toindicate the points on screen or to retrieve the topographic points by entering in their name oncommand line. Once the reference alignment has been indicated, the command line will changeas follows:

The tool asks to indicate the position of the next point as to the first reference point; the nextpoint can be indicated in two ways: Manual and from Graphic.

ManualSpecify, on command line, the segment length and direction. Direction can be controlled by clicking on button, which can change its status into and if you click on it.

the segment is inserted along the direction of the reference alignment.the segment is inserted towards the left of the reference alignment.the segment is inserted towards the right of the reference alignment.

Press button to confirm the segment insertion; the tool goes on, allowing to specify the following segments.To stop the drawing press .

GraphicThe following point can be indicated directly in the graphic window. Since it is necessary to create perpendicular segments, the tool creates two segments, perpendicular to each other fromthe start point to the point indicated. Since the paths are two, the tool chooses the path according to the status of button:

the tool creates a line along the current alignment and then a perpendicular line toreach the point indicated.the tool creates a line that is perpendicular to the current alignment and then a secondline to reach the point indicated.

To stop the drawing press button.

How to draw arcs and circles by 3 points

To insert an arc or a circle by three points press and, from pull down menu, select the itemArc 3P or Circle 3P.

The tool asks to specify the 3 points by which the circumference to draw passes; it is possible eit-her to indicate the point on screen or to retrieve the topographic point by entering in its nameon command line. To stop the drawing press button.

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How to draw circlesIn order to draw a circle with a defined radius, press button and, from pull down menu, selectthe item Circle.

The tool asks to indicate the circle centre; it is possible either to indicate the point on screen orto retrieve a topographic point by entering in its name on command line.Then, on command line, the tool asks to specify the radius to use to draw the circle.

How to insert textsTo insert a text press button and, from pull down menu, select the item Text.

The tool asks to indicate the text insertion point; it is possible either to indicate the point onscreen or to retrieve a topographic point by entering in its name on command line.Then, on command line, the tool asks to specify the text rotation angle; direction can be givenalso by selecting a point on the graphic window: the tool will use as direction the angle betweenthe insertion point and the point indicated.A window will then appear, allowing to insert the text and to set other properties.

The window is composed of two pages: Text and Properties. In Text page it is possible to define text to insert, character height, width factor and direction angle.

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From Properties page it is possible to select the layer to assign text and colour to. The layer canbe selected from pull down menu but it is also possible to retrieve layer management windowby Layer button. By layer window it is possible to create new layers or modify the properties(colour and line type) of already existing layers.

After selecting the layer, the tool proposes a colour associated to it; in order to set to the pointanother colour, different from the colour by layer, it is sufficient to click on the panel reportingthe colour. From the dialog box now appearing it is possible to choose the colour desired bydeactivating the option Colour by layer.

Press confirmation button to save the text.

LayersLayers are the CAD main organizational structure and allow to gather information according tofunction as well as to define line type, colour and other standards.

It is possible to reduce the visual complexity of a drawing and improve display performances bychecking the number of displayed or hidden objects. For example, it is possible to use layers tomodify the visibility of similar objects.

Layer management can be activated by pressing button and, from pull down menu, by selecting Layers button.

The table lists all the layers available and, for each layer, it displays name, visibility, colour and line type.

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Create a new layerIn order to create a new layer press New button.

Name: name of the layer to be created.Linetype: name of the linetype to associate to the layer. Select the kind of line from the list orpress Linetype button.

A window will appear, reporting the list of the different linetypes available. From File pull downmenu select the library of the different linetypes to display. Select from the list the linetype desired.

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Colour: colour associated to layers. To change the colour click on the coloured area and thenselect the colour from the dialog box now appearing.

Layer Visible: specifies whether the entities associated to the layer will be displayed in the graphic window or not.

How to modify a layerIn order to modify an existing layer select it from layer table and then press Modify button orpress Enter button on device keyboard (if available). The same window will appear, where thelayer was created; modify data and press confirmation button.

How to make a layer currentIn order to make a layer the current one, select it from layer table and press Current button. The icon will move to the layer selected.

How to change the layers visibilityIn order to change a layer visibility status it is sufficient to select it from the table and then pressOn/Off button. If the layer was off it will be turned on, if it was on it will be turned off. All On and All Off buttons allow to turn on and turn off all the layers.

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CAD settingsAmong the work general settings there are some concerning the graphic CAD and allowing tomake entities visible/invisible as well as to check different display parameters.It is possible to have access to CAD settings directly from the graphic window, by pressingbutton and from pull down menu, by selecting the item CAD Properties.

This page mainly allows to set the entities to be displayed in the graphic window.

Survey points: displays survey points.

Point name: displays the point name beside the point itself.

Point code: displays the point code beside the point itself.

Point elevation: displays the point elevation beside the point itself.

Measures: displays measure lines from station to points.

Control points: displays control points.

Parcels: displays cadastral parcels.

Drawing: displays the work drawing elements.

Drawing mono: displays the drawing elements by a single colour. The colour can be selected from the item Colour Monochrome map.

External maps: displays the external files linked to the current work.

Points with symbol: displays the points with the symbol the survey code has assigned them.

Linetypes: displays the lines with their linetype; otherwise all the lines are displayed ascontinuous lines.

Drawing codes: displays the drawing resulting automatically from the survey by the use of codes.

Linetype Scale: global scale factor to be used to represent linetypes.Colour monochrome map: colour to be used to represent the drawing if the option DrawingMono has been selected. To change the colour click on the coloured area and then select thecolour from the dialog box.

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Modify object propertiesThe drawing objects can be modified in their main properties, such as layer, colour, linetype. Asfar as some kinds of objects, like topographic points and texts it is possible to modify also theirspecific properties.To modify an object press button and, from pull down menu, select the item ObjectProperties.

Select the object from the graphic window; a window will appear, reporting the object properties.

From the window it is possible to choose the layer to associate object, linetype and colour to.

Layer: a layer can be selected from the pull down menu or it is possible to retrieve layer manager window from Layer button. Layer window allows to create new layers or modify theproperties (colour and linetype) of already existing layers.

Linetype: linetype can be selected from pull down menu or it is possible to retrieve linetypemanager from Linetype button. Linetype window allows to select the linetype desired.

Linetype scale: scale factor of the selected object used to represent the linetype.

Colour: the colour of the object can either depend on the object layer or be independent. inorder to set to the object another colour, different from the colour by layer, it is sufficient to clickon the panel reporting the colour. From the dialog box now appearing it is possible to choosethe colour desired by deactivating the option Colour by layer.

Press confirmation button to save the changes made on the object.

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Delete objectsIn order to delete drawing elements press button and, from pull down menu, select the item Delete.

Select the objects to delete and press confirmation button on command line.

Objects can be selected singularly, by clicking on each of them, or by specifying opposite angles, so as to define a rectangular area. After specifying the first of the opposing angles it is possible to:

• Indicate the second angle from left to right, creating a selection window. Only the objects completely inside the rectangular window will be selected.

• Indicate the second angle from right to left to create a selection by intersection.Only the objects completely inside the window or intersecting it will be selected.

Information about the drawingThe graphic CAD offers a set of commands to obtain information from the drawing; some commands are available, which measure distances, areas, angles and return point coordinates.

How to identify a pointIn order to know exactly the coordinates of a point, press button and select the item ID Point. Select a topographic point from the graphic window; a dialog box will appear, reporting the information concerning the point indicated.

How to measure distancesIn order to measure the distance between two points, press button and select the itemDistance. Indicate the two points to measure; a dialog box will appear, reporting the infor mation concerning the coordinates of the two points, 2D and 3D distance, height difference, zenith and slope.

To measure the distance between a topographic point and a drawing object, press buttonand select the item Dist. Point-Object.The tool asks to indicate the topographic point from which to measure the distance and then thedrawing object; the distance between the point and the object will be displayed, then a dialogbox will appear, reporting the information concerning the coordinates of the two points, 2D and3D distance, height difference, azimuth, zenith and slope.

How to measure an angleIn order to measure an angle between three points, press button and select the item Angle. The tool asks to specify first the centre of the angle and then the two points determining it; a dialogbox will appear, reporting the coordinates of the three points and the angle between them.

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Warning.Delete command allows the cancellation merely of drawing objects belonging to the currentwork; it is not possible to delete points of the current work or objects of linked drawings.

How to measure areasIn order to measure an area surrounded by a set of points press button and select the itemArea. The tool asks to indicate the points delimiting the area to calculate; to stop the selection of

points press command from command line.A window will appear, showing area, perimeter and barycentre of the surface indicated.

To measure the area of a circle or of a closed polyline press button and select the itemObject area. The tool asks to indicate the object to measure; a window will appear, reporting thearea and the perimeter of the object selected.

How to link external worksPowerTopoCE allows to link, as external references, both works performed by PowerTopoCE andraster images. When another PowerTopoCE work is linked as external reference, the tool loads the points andthe drawing of the linked work and allows to manage such data inside the current work; eachtime the work is opened, the linked work data are loaded by the original file but they are neversaved in the current work. Only the reference (path) to the file to link is saved in the work.The points of the linked works are displayed in the table of coordinates together with the points ofthe current work and the drawing is displayed in the graphic window together with the data of thecurrent work. It is not possible to modify the points or the drawing of a linked work; the points andthe drawing can be used as references for survey, staking, etc. All the graphic data of the linkedPowerTopoCE work are set to the same layer, REF-EXT- followed by the name of the work.

The points of an external work can be used, for example, as reference points to orient the station in the current work; the drawing of a work can otherwise be linked to different stakingworks.

In any moment it is possible either to make linked works data invisible or remove the link.

In order to link to the current work some PowerTopoCE works or raster images, pressbutton and, from pull down menu, select the item Maps.

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How to link a work or a raster imageTo link the current work a PowerTopoCE work or a raster image, press Add button; a dialog boxwill allow to indicate the file to link. Select from Type list the kind of file to link:

PowerTopoCE: PowerTopoCE workBMP: BMP format imagesPNG: PNG format imagesJPEG: JPG format imagesTIF: TIF format images

The file selected will be added to the table.

How to make a work or a raster image visible or invisibleIn order to change the display status of a linked work or a raster image inside the graphic window it is sufficient to click on the corresponding table line; the file will be visible if the cell hasbeen selected , invisible in the opposite case .

Buttons All On and All Off allow to make visible and invisible all the linked files.

How to change the display order of linked filesIn order to change the sequence according to which linked files (PowerTopoCE works and ima-ges) are displayed in the graphic window it is sufficient to select from the table the file to moveand use Move Up and Move down buttons until the desired position is reached.

Files will be displayed according to the table order; the first file in the table will be displayed first,the last file in the list will be the last to be displayed.

How to remove the link to a work or a raster image

In order to remove the link to a PowerTopoCE work or a raster image it is sufficient to select thecorresponding table line and press Delete button.

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Data management: Measures and PointsThis chapter shows how to manage data concerning the points measured and the measures performed on field; such information is managed by using tables that list data and allow, if necessary, their partial or full modification.

Points TableIn order to open the table of topographic points select the item Job from the main menu andthen the item Points.

The table reports a list of all the points available in the work.

By Display item it is possible to apply a filter to the points to be displayed in the table; besidesall the points, it is possible to see only the stations, only the control points or only the surveypoints. By its side each point reports an icon specifying what it stands for or the way it has beenobtained; the following icons can be displayed:

indicates that the point was used as reference to orient the current station.

indicates that the point was created by PowerTopoCE COGO functions.

indicates that the point is a control point.

indicates that the point was inserted manually.

indicates a survey point measured by total station.

indicates that the point is the last point measured.

indicates a staking point.

indicates a station.

indicates the current station.

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How to create a new pointIn order to create a new point press New button.

The window is composed of two pages: Point and Properties. In Point page it is possible to define a name to set to the point, coordinates, code and description. Option Control pointallows to identify the new point as reference point.

From Properties page it is possible to choose the layer to assign the new point to, as well as thecolour. The tool displays automatically the layer corresponding to the code assigned to the point;the layer can be selected from pull down menu; otherwise it is possible to retrieve layer manage-ment window from Layer button. Layer window allows to create new layers or modify the pro-perties (colour and linetype) of already existing layers.

After selecting the layer, the tool proposes a colour associated to it; in order to set to the pointanother colour, different from the colour by layer, it is sufficient to click on the panel reportingthe colour. From the dialog box now appearing it is possible to choose the colour desired bydeactivating the option Colour by layer.

Press confirmation button to save the point.

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How to modify a pointIn order to modify a point it is sufficient to select it from the table and press Modify button orpress Enter button on device keyboard (if available). The same window displayed in the commandused to create a new point will appear; modify the point data and press confirmation button.

How to delete a pointIn order to delete one or more points it is sufficient to select them from the table and pressDelete button. It is not possible to delete control points or other points having a particular significance inside the work.

How to find a pointIn order to find a point in the table press Find button.

It is possible to carry out a research on point name, code or description. Select the mode desiredand the text to search. Press confirmation button to close the window and start the search.

The tool positions on the first point satisfying research criterions; to continue the search pressbutton Find next.

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Warning. Point name cannot be modified.

Table of MeasuresTo open the table of measures select the item Job from main menu and then the item Measures.

The table reports a list of all the measures available in the work.

By Station item it is possible to apply a filter on the measures to be displayed in the table; besides all the measures, it is possible to see only the measures taken from the single stations. By its side each measure reports an icon specifying the way the point has been measured; thefollowing icons can be displayed:

indicates standard measure.

indicates that the measure was deleted.

indicates that a measure was taken by direct and reversed mode.

indicates a measure with offset at a distance.

indicates a measure with offset of horizontal angle.

indicates a measure with offset of vertical angle.

How to modify a measureIn order to modify a measure select it from the list and press Modify button or press Enter fromdevice keyboard (if available).

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The dialog box now appearing reports the name of the station and of the point measured. Themeasure data are then subdivided into three pages: IH/PH/Code, HA/VA/SD and Offsets.

Only the data referred to the first page can be modified, therefore station height, prism height,code and description. Modifying station height or prism height involves recalculating point elevations.

How to delete a measureIn order to delete one or more measures it is sufficient to select them from the table and pressDelete button. The measure is not really deleted; it just assumes the status of deleted measure,recognizable by the icon .

How to find a measureIn order to find a measure in the table press button Find.

It is possible to carry out a research on point name, code or description. Select the mode desiredand the text to search. Press confirmation button to close the window and start the search. The tool positions on the first measure satisfying research criterions; to continue the search pressbutton Find next.

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Survey codesSurvey codes are very important in carrying out a survey, since they allow to identify every pointwith extreme precision as well as to automate the completion of survey drawing. By survey codes it is possible to:

• Set automatically an extended description on points;• Compose different codes so as to obtain the description of the point as a combination

between the descriptions of different codes (compound codes).• Set automatically on points a specific symbol which can be set to a particular layer.• Obtain the automatic drawing of lines connecting points with the same code.

The tool makes it possible to define different code libraries that can be used in any work. It is possible to modify in any moment the code library used in a PowerTopoCE work from itsSettings dialog box; See chapter Settings and preferences on page 57. Code libraries are savedin PowerTopoCE folder as COD extension files.

Compound codesAny point can be associated to different survey codes by interposing, between any code, a separator which normally is a point (.) but can also be set by the user.The description resulting from a compound code will be a combination between the descriptions of any single code.

Drawing from codesBy this function of PowerTopoCE it is possible to represent the point with a specific symbol andon a specific layer; moreover, the tool generates automatically some lines joining survey points;the drawing is created in real time, while the survey is being carried out.

To any survey code it is possible to assign one of the following typologies:

Single point: a code representing a single entity, like a tree, a sump pit, etc. This kind of codes will not be used to create lines between the points surveyed.

Line: the code represents an entity which is normally represented as a linear entity; typical examples of this can be road edges, hedges, slopes, sidewalks. The tool will join automatically the points having the same code; line interruption must bespecified by a special control code.

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Pentax W-800: PowerTopoCE provides for the possibility to define some quick codesthat can be used to speed up the survey; choosing a quick code during the survey phaseallows to start the measure and assigns to it the corresponding survey code

Controls codesControl codes are specific codes controlling the way in which drawing lines between surveypoints are created. Control points must be specified after the survey code by interposing theseparator which normally is a point (.)

The control codes currently available in PowerTopoCE are the following:

NJ – Stop Draw: this code forces the tool not to create a line connecting the current pointand the previous one with the same code. Its function is to stop the drawing of a linear entity and start a new segment.

CL – Close line: this code forces the tool not only to connect the current point with the previous one having the same code, but also to create a closure line between the currentpoint and the first point of the sequence. It is used to create the drawing of closed elements,such as buildings, parcels, etc.

An example of how to use survey codesSuppose you define the following codes in the table of survey codes:

Suppose that codes are assigned to a set of survey points in this way:

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Point name Code Description

101 CSD Right road edge

102 CSS Left road edge

103 F Building

104 F Building

105 CSS Left road edge

106 CSD.M Right road edge Wall

107 M Wall

108 CSD Right road edge

109 F Building

110 F.CL Building

111 CSS Left road edge

112 CSS.NJ Left road edge

113 A Tree

114 M Wall

115 CSS Left road edge

116 CSD Right road edge

Code Description Typology Layer

A Tree Single Point Trees

CSD Right road edge Line Edges

CSS Left road edge Line Edges

M Wall Line Wall

F Building Line Buildings

The codes assigned to the points will produce the following drawing:

- Point 113 is represented with the symbol for code A on Trees layer- a polyline, representing the left edge, connecting points 102,105,111.

(A second polyline connects points 112,115).- a polyline, representing the right edge, connecting points 101,106,108,116. - a polyline, representing the wall, connecting points 106,107,114.- a polyline, representing the building, connecting points 103,104,109,110 and closing on 103.

Note that point 106 represents both a right edge and the beginning of the wall.

Table of survey codesThe whole management of survey codes, their insertion, modification and deletion can be performed from the table of survey codes. In order to open the table of survey codes select theitem Job from the main menu and then the item Codes.

The table reports a list of all the survey codes available in the current library; the name of thelibrary is reported on the upper side of the window.

When the window closes, the tool asks whether the modifications made must be saved on thecurrent code library. Moreover, it also asks whether it is necessary to modify, with the new settings, the properties of points that have been already surveyed, or that are already containedin the table of coordinates, since it is possible, for example, to modify the layer associated to asurvey code. If the response to this prompt is yes, the tool will update the layer of the points alre-ady surveyed setting them to the new layer.

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How to create a new codeIn order to create a new code press New button.

The window is composed of three pages: Code, Layer and Symbol.

In Code page it is possible to define the following data:

Code: code to be created.Description: extended description to set to the code.Code type: defines the point typology as far as creation of drawing by codes.

The following options are available:

Single point: a code representing a single entity, like a tree, a sump pit, etc. This kind of codes will not be used to create lines between the points surveyed.

Line: the code represents an entity which is normally represented as a linear entity; typical examples of this can be road edges, hedges, slopes, sidewalks. The tool will join automatically the points having the same code; line interruption must be specified by a special control code.

Layer page makes it possible to define the layer where to locate the points to which a code isassigned:

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Use default layer: by activating this option the point will be saved on a predefined layerand not on a specific layer.

In order to define a layer to assign the code to, deactivate the option Use default layer and pressLayer button. Layer management window will be displayed, where it is possible to create a newlayer or modify an existing layer. To select a layer to assign to the code it is sufficient to select itfrom the list and close layer management window. For further information about layer management refer to paragraph Layers on page 74.

Symbol page allows to associate to the code a symbol by which to represent the survey point.

Use default symbol: by deactivating this option it is possible to associate to the code a specific symbol by which to represent the point, instead of a default symbol.

In order to associate a symbol to the code deactivate the option Use default symbol and pressSymbol button.

Select the symbol desired in the list of symbols predefined by the tool and then press confirmation button.

Size input field allows to specify the size to represent the symbol with.

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How to modify a codeIn order to modify a code it is sufficient to select it from the table and press Modify button or pressEnter button on device keyboard (if available). The same window displayed in the command usedto create a new code will appear; modify the code data and press confirmation button.

How to delete a codeIn order to delete one or more codes it is sufficient to select them from the table and pressDelete button.

How to save the library with a different namePowerTopoCE allows to create and manage different code libraries. In any moment, to any ofPowerTopoCE works, it is possible to associate a library of codes to use. It is possible to save thecurrent library with a different name, so that it can be modified, integrated, etc.

In order to save the code library with another name press Save as. Indicate the new name toassign to the library and press OK.

How to load a libraryIn order to load a code library different from the current one select Load button.Select the desired library and press OK. The codes referred to the loaded library will be displayed.

Special codesIn order to modify the control codes used by the tool for the automatic drawing of survey codes,select the button Special codes.

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Warning. The library with the new name becomes the code library associated to the work.

Warning. The library with the new name becomes the code library associated to the work.

The table reports the control codes supported by the tool. To modify a control code select it fromthe table and make the change in the input field situated at the bottom of the window; then pressUpdate button.The first of the control codes is the separator used when it is necessary to associate different codesto a single point: in this case it is necessary to put the separator between the single codes orbetween the codes and the control codes.

Quick codes (Pentax W-800)If PowerTopoCE works on Pentax W-800 total station it is possible to use quick codes to speed up thesurvey. In order to define quick codes select Special codes button. From the window now appearing select Quick page.

100 quick codes are available, which range from number 0 to number 99; every quick code can beassociated to a survey code which will be associated to the measure and to the point measured. Toset a code to a quick code it is sufficient to select the quick code from the table and assign the corresponding survey code from the input field situated at the bottom of the window; press buttonUpdate to assign the survey code to the quick code.Quick codes refer to PowerTopoCE application and not to the current work.

As far as the use of quick codes refer to the chapter Quick codes for Pentax W-800 on page 115.

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Station setting and orientationBefore performing a survey or a stakeout operation it is necessary to define the position of the station, its height and its orientation. The following situations are possible:

• The station coordinates are known and it is not necessary to orient the survey to the North. • The station coordinates are known and so are the coordinates or the azimuth of a point or

of a previous station to use for orientation.• The station has no known coordinates and the coordinates of at least two reference points

are known.

After performing the orientation of the station it is possible to pass to survey and stakeout functions. During the survey, the same station can be oriented more than once. Moreover, a function is available, which allows to verify, at any time, whether the station is still correctly oriented as to a point or not.

The dialog box allowing to perform the station setting and orientation can be opened in twoways:

• By selecting the item Survey from the main menu and then the item Station setup.

• By pressing the button situated atop the dialog boxes of survey and stakeout commands,reporting the data referred to the current station:

A window will appear, allowing to perform station setting and orientation:

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Warning. Station setting and orientation must be performed every time the instruments aremoved to a new position.

The window requires the following data:

Station: station name; by using button or local menu the station, if already existing, can be selected either from graphic window or from the table of surveyed points. The height of the station can be calculated automatically, by pressing Measure button.

Instrument height: specify the height of the station.Backsight: specify the mode to use to orient the station.

Calculate instrument heightOne of the most annoying problems modern topographers have to face nowadays, despite thegreat number of technological solutions for every kind of work, is the fact that the instrumentheight must be measured by a metric wheel. PowerTopoCE, using reflectorless measurementtechnology and prism rod, can calculate directly the station height. In the fields where it is necessary to indicate instrument height press Measure button.

Before going on it is necessary to position correctly the rod that supports the prism: the rod basemust be positioned on the station centre, while the prism must be turned towards the instrument.The window allows to set the prism height and then to perform the sight by pressing Measurebutton. From measure data the tool can calculate with extreme precision the station height.

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Station with known coordinates and no orientationFrom the main window select the item No backsight and press Next button; you will pass to anew window.

In this window indicate the name of the station to orient; if the station already exists, its coordinates will be displayed but they will not be modifiable. If the station does not exist it ispossible to specify its coordinates, code and description. Instrument height can be calculated automatically by pressing Measure button.

Press End to accept the data set

Station with known coordinates and orientation pointFrom the main window select the item Backsight 1 point and press Next button; you will passto a new window.

In this window indicate the name of the station to orient; if the station already exists, its coordinates will be displayed but they will not be modifiable. If the station does not exist it ispossible to specify its coordinates, code and description.Instrument height can be calculated automatically by pressing Measure button.

Press Next to proceed.

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Specify, in Backsight Point input field, the name of the point to use to orient the station;

by using button or local menu, orientation point can be selected either from the graphic window or from the table of topographic points.If the point exists, the azimuth calculated between the station and the point will be displayed. If the point does not exist, among the topographic points available in the tool file, it will be possible to set manually the azimuth existing between the station and the reference point.

Press Measure button to go on; the window allowing to perform the measure on backsightpoint will then be displayed. For further information concerning Measure refer to chapter Surveyon page 111.

The window displays the name of the backsight point to be measured; the other data requiredin the window are the following:

H.P.: prism height.Code: survey code to assign the point to. Measure distance: if this option is active, besides angles, the tool measures also the

distance between station and point.

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The next options button prompts what has been defined in Survey page of Job settings window; by this option it is possible to decide what value to assign to the instrument horizontalangle when a station is oriented towards a known point or a previous station. It is possible tochoose among the following options:

Circle >> -: by this option the instrument horizontal angle is not modified.

Circle >> Zero: by this option the tool sets on 0 the instrument angle before performing the prism measure. The angles of the points surveyed later will then be referred to orientation point.

Circle >> Azimuth: by this option the tool sets the instrument angle to the azimuth value calculated between station and point. In this way, the angles the instrument returns are always azimuth.

Make the instrument coincide with the point to survey and press Measure button to activate themeasure by instrument on point. When the instrument provides the tool with the data of themeasure performed it will be possible to pass to the following window.

The window allows to set prism height and point code; point code can be set simply by selecting itfrom Code list; to insert a compound code it is also possible to use the code list available in the table.Select in the table the desired code and press Add. The tool will compile Code field with the codesadded by separating them with a separator. To cancel the last code added press Delete button.

By selecting option Description it is possible to see the description resulting from compoundcodes and modify it if necessary.

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Press Next button to continue. The following window will report the data referred to the meas-urement performed.

Press Register button to record the measure and return to Station setting dialog box, where awindow is displayed, reporting orientation summary data.

In particular, if backsight point coordinates are known, distance difference and elevation difference between the point measured and its known coordinates are displayed.

Press End to confirm station orientation.

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Station with no known coordinates and different orientation pointsSelect the item Free station and press Next button; you will then pass to the following window.

By this window it is possible to measure different orientation points according to which station coordinates and correction angle will be calculated; at least two orientation points are necessary. When at least two measures on two orientation points with known coordinates are available, thetool will calculate automatically station coordinates and correction angle; the data calculatedwill be displayed in the input fields situated under station name and station height. On the contrary, the table reporting the measures performed will display, besides the name oforientation point, also the deviations obtained once measurement data have been applied againto the coordinates calculated by the station.

How to add a measurePress Add button to add a new measure:

Indicate in the window the orientation point to use to calculate station and correction anglecoordinates; orientation point can already be present but it can also be inserted directly fromthis window.

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In order to indicate an already existing point it is possible to specify its name or use button

or local menu allowing to select the point from the graphic window or from point table;once the point has been indicated, its coordinates are displayed. On the contrary, if the point isnot yet available in the file of topographic points, it is possible to insert it directly from this window by specifying its name and coordinates.Press confirmation button to go on:

By this window it is possible to perform a measurement on point. Make the instrument coincidewith the orientation point and press Measure button to activate the measure by instrument onpoint. For further information concerning Measurement process refer to chapter Survey on page111. When the instrument provides the tool with the data of the measure performed it will bepossible to pass to the following window.

The window allows to set prism height and point code; point code can be set simply by selectingit from Code list; to insert a compound code it is also possible to use the code list available in thetable. Select in the table the desired code and press Add. The tool will compile Code field withthe codes added by separating them with a separator. To cancel the last code added pressDelete button.

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By selecting option description it is possible to see the description resulting from compoundcodes and modify it if necessary.

Press Next button to continue. The following window will report the data concerning the measurement performed.

Press Register button to record the measure and return to Station setting dialog box. The pointjust measured will be inserted in the table reporting the list of the orientation points used.

How to remove a measureIn order to remove a measure from the list so that it is not used for the calculation of station coordinates and correction angle it is sufficient to select it from the list and press Delete button. The measure will be deleted, coordinates and correction angle will be calculated.

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How to change the data to be usedFor any measure performed it is possible to decide which data, either angles or distance, must beused to determine the station position. In order to change the data referred to a measure it is sufficient to select it from the list and then press Use button. In Use column some abbreviationswill appear, identifying the data being used; the possible abbreviations are the following:

HVD: uses horizontal angle, vertical angle and distance---: no measure datum is usedH: only horizontal angle is usedHV: uses horizontal angle and vertical angleVD: uses vertical angle and distance

Press Use button until the abbreviation corresponding to the desired data appears.

Calculate coordinates and correction angle

When all orientation points have been measured and the deviations obtained are satisfactory itis possible to finish station setting process by pressing Next button.

The window displays a summary reporting the coordinates calculated for the station and thestandard deviations calculated. Press End to confirm calculated data and then pass to survey or drawing operations.

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Check backsight pointIn order to verify whether the station is correctly oriented as to a point, select the item Checkbacksight point and press Next; then, it will be possible to pass to the following window.

Specify, in Backsight point input field, the name of the point to use to verify the station

orientation; by using button or local menu the orientation point can be selected eitherfrom graphic window or from point table.If the point exists, the azimuth calculated between station and point will be displayed. If thepoint does not exist, among the topographic points available in the tool file, it is possible to setmanually the azimuth existing between station and reference point.

Press the button By angle to perform an only-angular check of the orientation, in case it is notpossible to measure the point distance; otherwise, press By distance button to perform a complete check of angles and distance.

Once the point measure has been performed, the data referred to the differences calculated arereported in a window similar to the following:

Press Back to perform a new check, press End to finish.

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SurveyThis chapter illustrates the procedures to follow to perform measurements on the points to survey. Two main commands are available:

Measures: allows to perform measurements, by different modes, to the points to survey. The data surveyed are saved in the current work. By this command it is possible to obtain simple measures but also measures taken in direct and reversed and even measures not within prism reach.

Free measures: allows to perform simple operations of point measurement and does not save any information in the current file; the command is available also when no file has been opened.

How to measure pointsIn order to activate the execution of this command select from main menu the item Survey andthen the item Measures. Before allowing to proceed, the tool verifies whether station setting and orientation have beenperformed; see chapter

If station setting has not been defined yet, a window will appear, that forces you to carry out thisstep before going on.

Press Station setup button to perform station setting and orientation; at the end of the process,point measurement process will be activated.

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On the contrary, if this command is carried out after reopening the work file where station setting and orientation have already been performed, the tool will display a window that offerstwo possibilities.

If the station has never been moved since its previous setting and orientation have been performed, it is possible to select the button Use last setup: the same settings calculated duringthe previous station setting and orientation procedure will be used.If, vice versa, the station has been moved, it is necessary to select Station setup button and perform a new station setting and orientation procedure.

Once the station has been positioned and oriented, it is possible to proceed with point measurement procedure.

On the upper side of the window a panel reports some summarizing data concerning the current station:

By clicking on the panel a dialog box is opened, which allows to set station position and orientation; see chapter Station setting and orientation on page 97.

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Press button on Pocket PC systems or button on Windows CE systems, to accedeto instruments advanced settings.

The following data are requested:

Point: Name of the point to measure; in order to measure an already existing

point it is possible either to specify its name or use button or the local

menu , which allow to select the point fromgraphic window or from point table.

H.P.: prism height.

Code: survey code to assign to the point.

Traverse point: by activating this option the point measured will be saved as traverse station point.

Measure distance: if this option is active, besides angles, the tool measures also the distancebetween station and point.

Angular Offset: by activating this option the tool will not save the point after measuringthe point on prism, but it will make it possible to orient the stationtowards the real point to measure; in this way, the distance will be usedas measured on prism, the angles as measured on the real point.

Offset: opens a dialog box allowing to choose the mode by which to survey thepoint. Different survey modes are available.

Measures: opens a dialog box reporting the list of the measures performed.

Map: opens the graphic window displaying the current situation as far as prismposition, station position, orientation, instruments current direction.

Meas.& Reg.: activates point measurement; once the measurement has been taken, thepoint is registered and the tool gets ready to measure the followingpoint. The name of the point is automatically increased.

Measure: activates point measurement; once the measurement has been perfor-med and before the point is registered, another window appears:

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The data in this window depend on the settings of Survey page; see chapter Settings and preferences on page 57.

P.H.: prism height.Code: code to assign to the point.

The code can be defined by choosing it from Code list or it can be composed by using the tablereported at the bottom of the window.Select from the table the code desired and press Add. The tool will compile Code field with thecodes added by separating them with a separator. To delete the last code added press Delete.To insert a control code select Control option; the table will display the control codes available;to add a control code press Add. To delete the last code added press Delete button.

In order to display, and modify, the description associated to the point press the optionDescription.

Press Confirm button to continue.

The window reports the measure data and the coordinates calculated for the point. PressRegister button to save the measure. The tool will then return to the main window.

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Quick codes for Pentax W-800 total stationThe use of quick codes allows to start the measure on point and set to it the survey code associated to the quick code. The quick code therefore allows to speed up the survey, since thesurvey code does not have to be selected manually or entered and it is not necessary to pressMeasure button. The quick code is inserted by pressing F6 on the keyboard of Pentax W-800total station; a window will appear, allowing to enter the code.

Enter control code number (from 0 to 99); if two characters are entered the window closes automatically, without requiring the use of any other key. Once the window has been closed thetool starts the measure by total station and it will assign to it and to the point calculated the survey code associated to the quick code. For quick code definition see paragraph Quick codes (Pentax W-800) on page 95.

Traverse stations ManagementThe tool provides for some utilities to simplify orientation processes in station changes. Whenyou are positioned on a station and you have to measure one or more stations to occupy afterwards, it is necessary to perform the measure by activating the option Traverse stationpoint; in this way the point is saved in a list which will be used when station change is going tobe performed.

On changing the station it is sufficient to press the button situated atop measurement window:

And a prompt similar to the one below will appear:

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By answering yes the tool will display a list of the points that have been measured as traverse station points:

Select the station occupied and press confirmation button. The tool will display automaticallythe data necessary to orient the station to the previous station.

Measure on existing pointIf a point already measured is measured again, once the measurement has been carried out, awindow will appear, allowing to choose how to proceed.

The window allows to choose among one of the following possibilities:

Overwrite existing point: the measure on the existing point is deleted and therefore only theone that is being carried out will be considered.

Use next name: the tool proposes automatically the first name available to assign to the pointinstead of the set one.

Add additional measure: a supplementary measure is added, which does not change the coordinates of the existing point but allows to verify the difference in position. In this case, in fact,the window reporting the measure data reports also the differences as far as distance, betweenthe existing point and the point just measured.

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Press Cancel to close the window and return to the main window.

How to measure points in direct and reversed modeIn order to perform measures in direct and reversed, select, from Measure main window, Offset button.

Select the item Direct & Reverse and press confirm button; the tool returns to the main win-dow. Aim to the point to measure and then press Meas.& Reg. button, or Measure button.

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The tool informs that a direct measure is being performed. Press OK to continue; the point willbe measured and then the following window will appear, prompting to make the point coincident by turning the spyglass upside down and rotating the instrument.

Press OK to continue. Once measurement operations have been carried out, the window sum-marizing survey data will display also the standard deviations calculated.

In case motorized instruments are used, the tool will command the automatic rotation of the instrument, both to pass from direct measure to reversed measure and to go back to direct measure.

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Measurement by repetitionsIn order to perform measurements by repetition, select Offset button from Measure main window.

Select the item Repetitions and set the number of measures to perform on each point. By pressing Options button it is possible to have access to a dialog box allowing to perform advan-ced settings on repetitions execution mode. By pressing confirmation button the tool goes back to the main window.

At the bottom of the window the tool displays the current repetition number, explainingwhether the next point is the orientation point or the point to measure, and whether the modemust be direct or reversed.

To interrupt a sequence of measures by repetitions press Reset button. The tool will annul all themeasures performed and it will make it possible to start again from the first set.

First of all, press Measure button; the following window will appear, prompting to confirm theprism height to be used on orientation point.

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Press confirmation button to continue.

Then measure the orientation points and the point to measure, by direct and reversed, followingthe tool prompts. If the measures exceed the tolerances set in the settings referred to the repetitions, the tool will inform the user by a specific dialog box. At the end of the sequence of measures a window similar to the following will appear, reportingthe data of each set measured:

Use button allows to decide whether to use the set selected to calculate the point coordinates.By option Correct station it is possible to recalculate the station position according to orientation measures.

Moreover, the window reports the standard deviations calculated for horizontal angle, verticalangle and distance.

To save the point press Register button.

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How to measure points not reachable by prismMeasurement command offers some special options to allow to survey points the prism cannotreach easily. The following cases are possible:

• Offset distance: allows to measure a point if its distance from the prism is known; it is possible to set a distance and an offset as to station-prism direction, and also a verticalheight difference.

• Offset horizontal angle: allows to measure the position of points the prism cannot cover,such as the middle of big trees, etc.

• Offset vertical angle: allows to measure the position of points the prism cannot cover butwhich are situated directly above or below it, such as pole tops, etc.

Measures with distance offsetBy this option it is possible to measure a point if its distance from the prism is known; it is possible to set a distance and an offset as to station-prism direction and also a vertical height difference.To set the window to measure points with offset and distance, press, from the main window,Offset button.

From Modes list select the item Measures by offset; select the item Distance offset and press confirmation button; the tool will go back to the main window. Make the point to survey coincident and then press Meas.& Reg. button or Measure button. Once prism position hasbeen measured, a window will appear, allowing to set the point offsets from prism:

It is possible to insert three kinds of offset:

Forward/Backward: distance of point projection as to station-prism alignment. The point canbe situated between station and prism (Backward) or beyond the prism (Forward).

Left / Right: distance of point as to station-prism alignment. The point can be situated on theright or on the left of station-prism alignment.

Up / Down: height difference between point and prism position.

Press confirmation button to continue.

Measures with offset of horizontal angleBy this option it is possible to measure the position of points the prism cannot cover, such as themiddle of big trees, etc. The tool requires the execution of two measurements, the first referredonly to the horizontal angle in the middle of the object to survey, the second referred to theprism situated next to it.To set the window to measure points with offset of horizontal angle, press, from the main window, Offset button.

From Modes list select the item Measures by offset; select the item Horizontal angle offsetand press confirmation button; the tool will go back to the main window, which will be slightlydifferent from the standard one.

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Make the instrument coincide with the centre of the point to survey and press the buttonMeas.Centre; the tool will save only the horizontal angle. Make the instrument situated next tothe object to survey coincide and press Measure button.

Measures with offset of vertical angleBy this option it is possible to measure the position of points the prism cannot cover, but whichare situated directly above or below it, such as pole tops, etc. The tool requires the execution oftwo measurements, the first on the prism situated above or below the object to survey, thesecond, only angular, referred to the object itself. To set the window to measure points with offset of vertical angle, press, from the main window, Offset button.

From Modes list select the item Measures by offset; select the item Vertical angle offset andpress confirmation button; the tool will go back to the main window, which will be slightly different from the standard one.

Aim to the prism and press Measure button; once the measurement on prism has been carried out,make the instrument coincide with the point to survey and press Meas.Zenith button; the tool willsave only the horizontal and vertical angle and then calculate the point coordinates according to theposition of the prism and the elevation according to the last vertical angle measured.

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Warning. The prism is necessary only next to the point to survey; it is not necessary whenthe object centre is measured.

Set codes to the points surveyed and drawing from codes

During the survey it is possible to set some codes to the points surveyed, so that they can determine the automatic creation of junction lines between points.

It is therefore extremely important to assign codes to points to allow the automatic completionof the drawing during the survey.

A code can be assigned to a point in two moments:

1.from the list available in measurement main window:

The code can be selected from the list or it is possible to type in the first characters constituting it; during the insertion, the tool fills in the field with the code having the sameinitial characters.

2.by pressing Measure in the window that will appear; in fact, by pressing Meas.&Reg. button the point is recorded without needing the insertion of further data.

The data required in this window depend on the settings available in Survey page of Survey settings; see chapter Settings and preferences on page 57.

P.H.: prism height.Code: code to assign to the point.

The code can be defined by choosing it from Code list or it can be composed by using the tablereported at the bottom of the window.Select from the table the code desired and press Add. The tool will compile Code field with thecodes added by separating them with a separator. To delete the last code added press Delete. To insert a control code select Control option; the table will display the control codes available;to add a control code press Add. To delete the last code added press Delete button.

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In order to display, and modify, the description associated to the point press the optionDescription.For further information and examples concerning survey codes refer to chapter Survey codeson page 89.

How to perform free measuresIn order to activate this command, select the item Survey from main menu and then the itemFree measures.

The window connects to the total station and asks for repeated updating of horizontal and vertical angle values; the frequency according to which the new values are required depends onthe value set in Freq.Upd. field, concerning the current topographic instruments. For furtherinformation about instrument configuration, refer to chapter Configure instruments on page 53.

To carry out a measure of the distance, press button Measure; to interrupt a measure press button Stop. To set the station horizontal angle on 0, press button SetHA=O; to set the horizon-tal angle to a specific value press button Set HA.

Press button Settings to have access to instruments advanced settings.

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StakingThis chapter illustrates the way the staking procedures available in PowerTopoCE work.There are two main staking commands:

Point staking: allows to find specific points on the field.

Line staking: allows to perform the staking along predefined lines.

Before allowing the execution of any staking command, the tool makes sure station setting andorientation have already been performed; see chapter Station setting and orientation on page 97. If station setting and orientation have not been defined yet, a window will appear, thatforces you to carry out this step before going on.

Press Station setup button to perform station setting and orientation; at the end of the process,point staking will be activated.

If, on the contrary, this command is carried out after reopening the work file in which station setting and orientation had been performed, the tool will display a similar window with two options.

If the station has never been moved since its setting and orientation was performed, it is possible to select Use last setup button: the same settings will be used, that have been calculated during the previous station setting and orientation procedure.If, on the contrary, the station was moved, it is necessary to select Station setup button and carryout a new station setting and orientation procedure.

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Point stakingTo perform point staking procedure, select the item Stakeout from main menu and then theitem Points.

On the upper side of the window, a panel reports some summarizing data referred to the currentstation:

By clicking on the panel a dialog box is opened, which allows to set the station position andorientation; see chapter Station setting and orientation on page 97.

Press button in Pocket PC systems or button in Windows CE systems, to have accessto instruments advanced settings.

How to define a list of points to stakePress List button to define a list of points to stake.

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In the window it is possible to create a list of points to stake and the order to follow in the staking.

By CAD: by this button it is possible to select the points to stake directly from the graphic window; select from the CAD the points to include in the list and then close the graphic window.

Select all: this button includes in the list all the survey points available in the work.

Import: allows to import a file containing a list of points to stake.

Export: creates a file with the list of the points to stake, so that it can be used in the followingsessions or in other works.

Move up: moves, one position upward, the point selected.

Move down: moves, one position downward, the point selected.

Delete: deletes the point selected from the list of the points to stake.

Delete all: deletes the list content.

Add: adds to the list the point with the name indicated in the input field available on the left ofthe button.

Press close button to close the window and go back to staking main window.

Staking a single point or a list

The following data are requested:

Point: point to stake. If a list of points to stake has been defined, the tool displays the first pointnot yet staked; press Change button to select another point from the list or press Nextpoint button to pass to the staking of the next point in the list.

If no list has been created, it is possible to specify directly the survey point to stake; by

using button or the local menu , the survey point can be selected from graphicwindow or point table. By pressing Next point button the tool gets ready to stake thepoint following the current one, taking into account the increment value of Incrementfield.

P.H.: prism height.

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Options: opens the dialog box with staking options; for further information see paragraphStaking on page 63.

Map: opens the graphic window that displays, in particular, the current station, the position ofthe prism and the point to stake.

Press Next button to continue the process of staking the point selected; the tool reads the totalstation horizontal angle and displays the following window.

The tool displays the horizontal angle the instrument must have to assume the direction of thepoint to stake; in case motorized instruments are used, the tool will command the station to position automatically along the point direction, both as far as the horizontal angle and the vertical angle. Such working option depends on what has been set in staking options; seeStaking paragraph on page 63.

Press Next Pnt to start staking the next point in the list or the next point in the list of topographic points. Press Next to continue the staking of the point selected:

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From this window it is possible to perform the measurements on prism, following which the toolwill inform about the distance between the prism and the point to reach. Option Fast EDMallows to perform fast, but less precise, measures on prism, to allow moving quickly near thepoint; for a precise positioning it is recommendable to deactivate the option Fast EDM and workwith the greatest precision the instrument can provide.

Press Measure button to measure prism position. According to the prism position calculated aswell as according to the position of the point to reach, the tool will display a window reportingsome graphic indications concerning the direction the prism must follow to reach the point. Onthe right some numeric information is reported, about the distance between prism and point.

Clicking on the square containing the arrows allows to pass from the display of the angular shift(first window) to the display of the distance (second window).When the prism is within the tolerance set, the window is displayed with white arrows.

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If the distance difference between prism and point is satisfactory, it is possible to press Acceptbutton to save the position of the point reached by the prism. The window summarizing the distance differences between the point to reach and the position of the prism will be displayed.

Press Accept again to save the staking point. The tool will ask to specify the name and the codeto assign to the staking point.

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Press confirmation button to save the point; the tool will then display the initial window again,from which it is possible to pass to the staking of a new point.

Staking reportThe tool allows to obtain a report displaying all the points staked inside a work and the differences between the project point and the staked one. Select from the main menu the item Stakeout and then the item Report. A window similar tothe following will appear:

Press Export button to create an ASCII file containing the data displayed in the report.

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Line stakingTo perform line staking procedure, select the item Stakeout from main menu and then the itemLine.

On the upper side of the window, a panel reports some summarizing data referred to the currentstation:

By clicking on the panel a dialog box is opened, which allows to set the station position andorientation; see chapter Station setting and orientation on page 97.

Press toolbar button in Pocket PC systems or heading button in Windows CE systems, to have access to instruments advanced settings.

How to define a lineThe reference line for the staking can be defined according to two reference points or accordingto one reference point and an azimuth setting the direction.

From Point: first reference point of the line to stake; by using button or local menu the topographic point can be selected either from the graphic window orfrom the table of points.

To point / Azimuth: the direction of the reference line can be defined by choosing a secondtopographic point or setting an azimuth; press on scroll button To point /Azimuth to select the mode desired.

By using button or the local menu the topographic point can beselected either from the graphic window or from the table of points.

By the local menu of , input field, the azimuth can also be defined byselecting two topographic points from the table or from the graphic win-dow; moreover, the local menu allows to retrieve the calculator window.

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Staking points on a lineMoreover, the following data are required:

P.H.: prism height.

Start station: start station of the reference line on the line base point.

In the window two supplementary buttons are available:

Options: opens the dialog box with staking options; for further information see paragraph Staking on page 63.

Map: opens the graphic window that displays, in particular, the current station, theposition of the prism and the line to stake.

Press Next button to continue the process of staking the line defined.

From this window it is possible to perform the measurements on prism, following which the toolwill inform about the distance between the prism and the line. Option Fast EDM allows to perform fast, but less precise, measures on prism, to allow moving quickly near the line; for a precise positioning it is recommendable to deactivate the option Fast EDM and work with thegreatest precision the instrument can provide.

Press Measure button to measure prism position. According to the prism position calculated aswell as according to the position of the line to reach, the tool will display a window reportingsome graphic indications concerning the direction the prism must follow to reach the line. Onthe right some numeric information is reported, about the distance between prism and line.

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When the prism is within the tolerance set, the window is displayed with white arrows.

Button St.>Pr. allows to change the display of the data calculated; the button assumes two states:

St.>Pr. In this case the tool displays the distances to reach the line considering station-prism direction.

Pr.>Ln. In this case the tool displays the shortest distance (perpendicular) to reach the line considering the prism current position.

If the distance difference between prism and line is satisfactory, it is possible to press Accept button to save the position of the point reached by the prism. The window summarizing the distance differences between the line to stake and the position of the prism will be displayed.

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Press Accept again to save the staking point. The tool will ask to specify the name and the codeto assign to the staking point.

Press confirmation button to save the point; the tool will then display the initial window again,from which it is possible to pass to the staking of a new point along the reference line.

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COGOThis chapter illustrates the working of some commands allowing the rapid creation of newpoints by using already existing points and enabling the user to carry out specific calculationssuch as solution of triangles, azimuth, surfaces, etc.

The following commands are available:

Distance & offset: calculates the coordinates of a new point, offset from a predefined align-ment.

Intersection: calculates the coordinates of a new point as intersection, by angle or distance, between two existing points.

Triangles: solves the triangle according to different options of known data.Area: calculates the area of an object or of a group of points.Azimuth: calculates the azimuth according to different input options.

Distance & offsetThis command calculates the coordinates of a new point, offset from a predefined alignment. Thecommand can be activated by selecting the item COGO from the main menu, and then the itemDistance & offset.

From point: reference point to define the chain. By using button or local menu the topographic point can be selected from graphic window or from points table.

To point / Azimuth: the alignment direction can be defined by choosing a second topographicpoint or by setting an azimuth; press on the scroll button To point /Azimuth to select the modedesired.By using button or the local menu the topographic point can be selected either fromthe graphic window or from the table of points.

By the local menu of input field, the azimuth can also be defined by selecting two topograp-hic points from the table or from the graphic window; moreover, the local menu allows to retrie-ve the calculator window.Distance: distance at which to position the new point along the alignment, taking the point ofreference as starting point.

By the local menu of input field, the distance can also be defined by selecting two topograp-hic points from the table or from the graphic window; moreover, the local menu allows to retrie-ve the calculator window.

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Offset / Angle: the point can be positioned, as to the alignment, at an offset distance or by defining an angle to be added to the azimuth of the reference alignment; press scroll buttonOffset / Angle to select the mode desired.

By the local menu of input field, both the distance and the angle can be defined by selectingpoints from the table or from the graphic window; moreover, the local menu allows to retrievethe calculator window.

Left/Right: position of the point to create as to the alignment.

Vert.Dist. / Elevation: the elevation of the point to create can be calculated by adding a heightdifference to the elevation value interpolated along the alignment, or it is possible to assign it afixed value; press on scroll button Vert.Dist. / Elevation to select the mode desired.

Create point: by activating this option and pressing Calculate button the point is calculatedand added to the list of topographic points; otherwise, the tool will display only the coordinates calculated and the position on the map. If this option is active, it is possible to specify the nameto assign to the new point.

Solve: this button performs the calculation of the point coordinates and displays the results in afollowing window.

If the option Create point has been activated, before calculation results are shown, a dialog boxis displayed, allowing to assign the new point a code:

It is possible to assign the point a code simply by selecting it from Code list; to insert a compound code it is possible to use the list of codes available in the table.Select in the table the code desired and press Add. The tool will compile Code field with thecodes added, separating them with a separator. To delete the last code added press Delete button.

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By selecting the option Description it is possible to see the description resulting from the compound codes, and modify it if necessary.

Press confirmation button to continue.

The last dialog box displays the data referred to the point calculated.

From the window now appearing it is possible to go back to the main window of data insertionby using < Data button; by Map button it is possible to open the graphic window, which will display the position of the point calculated.

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IntersectionThis command creates one or two points starting from two known points and defining the distance or the direction from the known points. The command can be activated by selecting theitem COGO from main menu, and then the item Intersection.

1st point: first reference point. By using button or the local menu the topographic pointcan be selected either from the graphic window or from the table of points.

Azimuth / Distance: sets the direction of the point to determine as to the first reference pointor the distance between the two. Press on scroll button Azimuth / Distance to select the modedesired. By the local menu of input field, both the distance and the direction can be defined by selecting points from the table or from the graphic window; moreover, the local menu allows toretrieve the calculator window.

2nd point: second reference point. By using button or the local menu the topographicpoint can be selected either from the graphic window or from the table of points.

Azimuth / Distance: sets the direction of the point to determine as to the second referencepoint or the distance between the two. Press on scroll button Azimuth / Distance to select themode desired.By the local menu of input field, both the distance and the direction can be defined by selecting points from the table or from the graphic window; moreover, the local menu allows toretrieve the calculator window.

Create point: by activating this option and pressing Calculate button, intersection points arecalculated and added to the list of topographic points; otherwise, the tool will display only thecoordinates calculated and the position on the map. If this option is active, it is possible to specify the name to assign to the new points.

Solve: this button performs the calculation of the point coordinates and displays the results in afollowing window.

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If the option Create point has been activated, before calculation results are shown, a dialog boxis displayed, allowing to assign the new points a code:

It is possible to assign the point a code simply by selecting it from Code list; to insert a compound code it is possible to use the list of codes available in the table.Select in the table the code desired and press Add. The tool will compile Code field with thecodes added, separating them with a separator. To delete the last code added press Delete button.

By selecting the option Description it is possible to see the description resulting from the compound codes, and modify it if necessary.

Press confirmation button to continue.

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From the window now appearing it is possible to go back to the main window of data insertionby using < Data button; by Map button it is possible to open the graphic window, which will display the position of the point calculated.

TrianglesThis command solves the triangle according to different groups of input data. The tool can calculate the triangle according to the following input data:

• 3 sides• 2 angles and the side in between• 1 side and two subsequent angles• 2 sides and the angle in between• 2 sides and the subsequent angle

The command can be activated by selecting the item COGO from main menu and then the itemTriangles.

Select, from Solution list, the kind of data to insert; insert the data required in the three inputfields prompted.By the local menu of input field, both the distances and the angles can be defined by selecting the points from the table or from the graphic window; moreover, the local menu allowsto retrieve the calculator window.

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Solve: this button performs the calculation of triangle data and displays the results in a following window.

From the window now appearing it is possible to go back to the main window of data insertionby using < Data button; by Map button it is possible to open the graphic window, which will display the shape of the triangle calculated.

AreaThis command performs the calculation of an area defined by a group of points or by a closedpolyline. The command can be activated by selecting the item COGO from the main menu andthen the item Area.

Polyline: press this button to select, from the graphic window, the polyline on which to performarea calculation.

Points: press this button to select, from the graphic window, the topographic points delimitingthe area to calculate.

The tool will display the shape of the area selected and the corresponding profile.

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Solve: this button performs the calculation of polyline or points area and displays the results ina following window.

From the window now appearing it is possible to go back to the main window of data insertionby using < Data button; by Map button it is possible to open the graphic window, which will display the boundary of the area calculated.

AzimuthBy this command it is possible to calculate azimuth in different ways:

• between two points• average between azimuths• angle bisector• azimuth + angle• azimuth to line offset

The command can be activated by selecting the item COGO from main menu, and then the itemAzimuth.

Select the mode desired in Method list.

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Between two points: the azimuth is calculated between two points.

By using button or the local menu the topographic points can be selected either fromthe graphic window or from the table of points.

Bisected azimuths: given two azimuths, the average azimuth is calculated.

By using button or the local menu azimuths can be defined by selecting points eitherfrom the graphic window. Moreover, the local menu allows to retrieve the calculator window.

Bisected corner: calculates the azimuth of an angle bisector. To define the angle it is necessaryto set the point on the centre and two points defining its limits.

By using button or the local menu the topographic points can be selected either fromthe graphic window or from the table of points.

Azimuth + angle: calculates the azimuth resulting from the sum between an angle and an azimuth.

Azimuth to line offset: calculates the azimuth between a reference point and a point calculated by applying an offset or an angle to a alignment. The alignment is defined by the reference point itself and by a direction or a second reference point; define the distance alongthe alignment as well as offset distance or angle.

Solve: this button performs azimuth calculation and displays the result

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TI Asahi Co., Ltd. International Sales Department 4-3-4 Ueno Iwatsuki-Ku, Saitama-Shi Saitama, 339-0073 Japan Tel.: +81-48-793-0118 Fax. +81-48-793-0128 E-mail: International@tiasahi.com www.pentaxsurveying.com/en/

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