powerpoint presentation · – chemical-age-mineral-eruptive diversity of mare basalt units • 5...
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Armstrong’s Science Achievements Had There Been No Other Landings
• Sample Collection – Mare Basalts Are Old (3.9-3.6b.y.) - Large Basins Are Even Older
• Early Solar System History Recorded On the Moon – Chemical-Age-Mineral-Eruptive Diversity of Mare Basalt Units
• 5 Basalt Cooling Units in Upper 30m of the Site • 9 Separate Vesicle Assemblages • 2 Varieties of Pyroclastic Glasses
– Magma Ocean-Fractional Crystallization-Remetling Hypothesis • Anorthositic Fragments, Differentiated Source Region for
Basalt, Titanium-rich Source Region – Solar Wind Volatile Resources in Regolith
• ~50%(?) Agitation Losses vs.. Regolith Breccias • Experiment Deployment
– Very High Seismic Q of Crust (Mega-regolith/Thermal Insulation) – Very Low Seismic Noise from Lunar Interior – High Precision Earth-Moon Distance Through Laser Ranging
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Apollo 17 Fortieth Anniversary
Harrison H. Schmitt LEAG 2012
Goddard Space Flight Center October 22, 2012
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Fortieth Anniversary Apollo 17: Most Recent Lunar Surface Exploration
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Taurus-Littrow: Apollo View From Above
During Exploration (Ron Evans NASA Photo)
North Massif
Tycho Secondaries?
Lee-Lincoln Scarp
Sculptured Hills
Avalanche
Challenger
7KM
South Massif
“Subfloor” Basalt
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Samples And Seismic And Gravity Profiling Strongly Suggest That The Valley Fill Consists Largely of One, Fractionally Crystallized Cooling Unit, ~1200m Thick, Originally Comprised of Rapidly Erupted Olivine-Ilmentite Basalt Lavas
Crater Observations and Seismic Profiling Indicate That The Upper 250m Is Highly Fractured Basalt
Solidification Occurred At ~3.80±.04 Gyr
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Challenger
7KM
Boulders at Station 2
72215, 35, 75, 55 72415
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Layered South Massif Breccia - Boulder 1,
Station 2
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Mg-Suite Dunite In South Massif
Blue-Gray Breccia OLD Mg-SUITE
DUNITE: 4.55 ± 0.1 B.Y.
IMPACT BRECCIA: ~3.87 B.Y.
10 CM
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Challenger
7KM
Pyroclastic Glasses
Shorty Crater
74220
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Shorty Crater Orange “Soil” (Secondarily
Emplaced Pyroclastic
Glass)
© HARRISON H. SCHMITT UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON NASA PHOTO
~20CM
FRACTURED BASALT
BOULDER
LIGHT-GRAY OUTER WALL MATERIAL
REDDISH CENTER
ORANGE INNER ZONE
YELLOWISH OUTER ZONE
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Apollo 15 Green Glass Sample Location
Source Crater (~ Shorty) Nearby
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7KM
Challenger
Stratigraphic Sampling: North Massif
Station 6
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Station 6 Station 7
North Massif
Valley Floor
~500m Stratigraphic Separation Between
Station 6 and 7 Samples
100m
200m
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Stratigraphic Sampling of Boulders
Host Breccia: 3.96 Gyr Ar Serenitatis? Host Breccia:
4.14 Gyr Rb-Sr Tranquillitatis?
Melt Breccia: 3.94-.96 Gyr Ar Serenitatis?
Injection Melt Breccia: 3.97 Gyr Ar Serenitatis?
Melt Breccia: 3.8 Gyr Ar Imbrium?
Station 6 Station 7 50cm 20cm
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7KM
Challenger
Sculptured Hills Puzzle
Station 8
Aggregated Granular Flows
78235-6
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Station 8 Norite Boulder 4.35 ±0.08Gyr
Sculptured Hills
Sample? Sculptured Hills
May be Excavated Mg-Suite Layered Pluton
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Aggregated Mono- Lithologic, Granular Flows on Sculptured Hills
100m
Younger Older
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Compositional Boundaries ? Fracture Zones ? Or Alternative Compositional Boundaries
Hypothetical Geology of the
Sculptured Hills Layered Pluton Ejecta
(“Imbrium”)
UP?
Anorthosite ?
Norite Boulder 4.35 Gyr Age
7KM
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NASA PHOTO
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Challenger
7KM
Light Mantle Thickness
Tycho Secondaries?
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South Massif
Shorty
Minimum Light Mantle Thicknesses shown by Depths of Bright Halo
Craters.
Assumed D/D Ratio of 1/3 In Unconsolidated
Light Mantle Material.
Light Mantle (Avalanche)
1km
~15m Diameter = >5m Thickness
30-50m Diameter = >10-15m Thickness
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