powerpoint cone lab - iafss.org
TRANSCRIPT
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Cone Calorimeter
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Fundamental Issues
• Heat Release Rate is obtained indirectly by measuring O2 consumption
• Mass loss rate – real time by load cell
• Incident heat flux of 0 to 100 kW/m2
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O2 ConsumptionCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
• Main simplifying assumptions:
– Energy release per unit mass of O2,constant E = 13.1 MJ/kg of O2 consumed
– Ideal gas law applies– O2 depletion factor assumes each mole of air required for complete combustion is replaced by 1.105 moles of products
airpairf n105.1nnn
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Energy Released per kg of O2
HUGGETT, Clayton. 1980. Estimation of rate of heat release by means of oxygen consumption measurements. Fire and Materials. 4(2), pp.61‐65.
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O2 Consumption
Hood
PlenumExhaust Duct
ToBlower
= control volume
exm
inmfm
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Calculations
• Oxygen concentration is measured at the exhaust
• Incoming oxygen concentration (air)
• Oxygen consumed :
2 .O exm
2 .O inm
2Om
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Calculations
The energy release rate can be calculated as:
MJm1.13Q2O
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Experimental Results• Ideal Scenario:
Q
t
ff m
tm
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The Real Scale Application‐Large Scale Calorimeter
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Aim is
• To introduce the cone calorimeter for determining of–the burning rate–Heat Release Rate –time to ignition
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Aim is
• To get a better understanding of –How Heat Release Rate is measured–Use of the measured data for calculation
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Laboratory work – Cone Calorimeter
• Heat Release Rate• Ignition Temperature• Partical board (PB) and porous fiberboard (PF)
• Different effect of the incident radiation
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Lab 1. Important information
• Date – 2nd and 3rd of October• Place – Complab. Fire corner. • Groups of 3‐4 people• Lab report should be written in ENGLISH and handed in on the course Fronter page.
• Deadline ‐Wednesday the 10th of October• Approved report will award to group of students 1.5 point.
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Groups
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Schedule
–2nd of October.• Group 1 ‐ 13.00• Group 3 – 14.00• Group 4– 15.00
–3rd of October.• Group 5 – 10.00 • Group 6– 11.00• Group 2– 13.00• Group 7– 14.00• Group 8– 15.00
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Questions
• What temperature should be set on the cone to get the incident radiation effect at – 20 kW/m2
– 40 kW/m2?
(According to the calibration data).
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RecordingsTime to ignition tign PB
tign PFsecsec
Samples dimensions (PB and FB) L*B*H mWeight of samples m kgTime of extinguished (PB and FB) text, PF
text, FBsec
Heat release rate as a function of time W/m2
Peak rates of heat release (PHRR) W/m2
Time of maximum HRR (PHRR) tmax HRR secAverage effective heat of combustion ΔHeff, average MJ/kgMass burning rate g/sec
.Q.
maxQ
.m
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Ignition theory
• piloted ignition ‐ the surface temperature of 250 ºC to 450 ºC.
• auto ignition ‐temperature exceeds normally 500 ºC.
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Questions
Heat release rate??
Hint: Tsantaridis, L. Reaction to the fire performance of wood and other building products. Doctoral thesis. KTH. 2003
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ReportShort and clear
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Use in your report
• Diagrams– Temperature–Heat release rate– Burning rate on your choice
• Picture from experiment (take a camera)• Tables• Ets