power plant construction and qa/qc section 1.4– nuclear energy
DESCRIPTION
Engineering Technology Division. Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy. Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy. Overview. Introduction Purpose Fission Process Current Reactor Types Uranium Fuel Processing Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Future - Nuclear Fusion. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Power Plant Construction and QA/QC
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Engineering Technology Engineering Technology DivisionDivision
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Overview
• Introduction
• Purpose
• Fission Process
• Current Reactor Types
• Uranium Fuel Processing
• Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing
• Future - Nuclear Fusion
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Purpose of Nuclear Energy
First Purpose was for Nuclear Medicine - 1941
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Purpose of Nuclear Energy
Second Purpose was for weapons – used 1945
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Purpose of Nuclear Energy
Third Purpose was for Electrical Generation – 5/60
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Fission Process
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
1. Thermal Neutron generated from fission or decay2. Thermal Neutron absorbed by 92U235 or 93Pu239
3. Compound (or excited) 92U235 or 93Pu239
4. Atom splits creating two fragments – mass conversion to energy.
5. Fast neutron produced.6. Fast neutron has thermalized7. Thermal Neutron absorbed by 92U235 or 93Pu239
8. Fission fragment decays9. First excited daughter decays10. Fast neutron produced11. Fast neutron absorbed by 92U238
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Heat
DecayFast
Slow
Fast Slow
Slow
Forced vs. Natural
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Reactor Types
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
• PWR – Light Water – US - Westinghouse, Framatome• PWR – Heavy Water – CANDU - Canada• BWR – Light Water – US - GE, Toshiba• RBMK – Light Water Graphite – Soviet Union (now
Russia)• GCR – Gas Cooled Reactor – England• LMFBR – Liquid Metal (Sodium) Breeder – United
States• LMFBR – Liquid Metal (Lead) Breeder – Soviet Union
(Russia)• MSRE – Molten Salt – Spain – Operation, US - Testing• PBR – Pebble Bed – US Lead Design• Natural Reactor – Oklo mine in Gabon, West Africa• Fission Reactor – The Sun
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Fuel Processing - US Uranium Locations
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Fuel Processing - Overview
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Fuel Processing – End product
Each Pellet◦ 2.5 tons of
Wood◦ 1 ton of Coal◦ 17,000 cubic
feet of Natural Gas
◦ 3 barrels of Oil (42 gallons each)
Uranium Oxide (Yellow Cake)
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Fuel Processing – Packaging
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Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Fuel Reprocessing
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Future Nuclear - Fusion
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy
Tritium + Deuterium = Helium + Neutron
3.016 + 2.014 Fusion 4.003 + 1.000 + Energy
5.030 = 5.003 + Energy (.027 amu)
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Questions?
Section 1.4– Nuclear Energy