POVERTY

POVERTY

Definition

From Latin word, Pauper which means poor.

having insufficient income to obtain the minimum means necessary for survival namely basic food, housing and clothing.

It also includes social deprivation, such as denial of employment, participation in social institutions, and education.How to Measure PovertySurvey: a representative sample of people are asked to answer questions on their income and spending.Budget Standard Approach: a poverty line is calculated based on the cost of a specific basket of goods and services that are considered by experts, to represent a basic living standard.Food Ratio Method: where the poor are distinguished from the non-poor by the proportion of their money spent on necessities such as food, clothes and shelter.Social Security Poverty Line: when lowest level of social welfare payment is used as equivalent to a poverty line.United Nations Poverty Index: combines measures such as life expectancy, literacy, long-term unemployment and relative income.

Types of PovertyAbsolute Poverty - It is the extreme kind of poverty involving the chronic lack of basic food, clean water, health and housing.

Relative Poverty - condition in which people lack the minimum amount of income needed in order to maintain the average standard of living in the society

Situational Poverty (Transitory) - People or families can be poor because of some adversities like earthquakes, floods or a serious illness.

Generational or Chronic Poverty - This is when poverty is handed over to individuals and families from generations before them.Causes of PovertyIncome distribution/ InequalityLack of quality educationLack of Jobs/ Job lossCorruptionNatural CalamitiesOver PopulationWarAdverse ecology and locationIll Health and DisabilityGender discriminationFamily conflict

Effects of PovertyMalnutrition/ hungerPoor Economic growthBad living conditionsChild Labor Crime/ Thefthigh infant and child mortality rates illiteracyhomelessness and susceptibility to violence.People indulge in social vices such as drugs, prostitution and petty crimes as a means to meet their immediate needs.MigrationPeople are vulnerable to diseasesDeath

Cycle of PovertyShort Term SolutionsReliefs,Donations, Charity works, feeding programs, medical outreach programs, Financial aid, etcLong Term SolutionsEducation, Improve Health Services, Increase economic activity, expand economic facilities to rural areas, Create jobs, Raise minimum wage, Improve social welfare system, Improve government system, housing programs, etc

Statistical Update of Poverty Incidence in the World

Countries with highest poverty Incidence as of January 1,2012

Source:CIA WorldFactbookStatistical Update of Poverty Incidence in Asia

Asian countries with high poverty incidence

Data sources:UN MDG Indicators database. World Bank, World Development Indicators.Statistical Update of Poverty Incidence in the PhilippinesPoverty Incidence Among Population, 2012Source: National Statistical Coordination Board Most poorest province are located in Mindanao

Least poor province are located at Luzon

13

Poverty Incidence among Families, by Region ;2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012

Poorest & Least Poor Provinces in the Philippines Poorest province in the Philippines in the first 6 month of the year 2012

Lanao del Sur - 68.9%Apayao - 59.8%Eastern Samar - 59.4%Maguindanao - 57.8%Zamboanga del Norte - 50.3%Davao Oriental - 48%Ifugao - 47.5%Sarangani - 46.5%Negros Oriental - 45.3%Masbate - 44.2%North Cotabato - 43.9%Northern Samar - 43.7%Bukidnon - 43.3%Lanao del Norte - 42.5%Sultan Kudarat - 41.6%

Least poor province in the Philippines in the first 6 month of the year 2012

2nd district of NCR - 3.1%4th and 1st districts of NCR - 3.8%Cavite - 4.1%Benguet - 4.3%3rd district of NCR - 4.9%Laguna - 6.3%Pampanga - 6.4%Bulacan - 6.7%Bataan - 7.3%Rizal - 7.6%Ilocos Norte - 11%

ENDPrepared by:Tantia, Francis KurtEugenio, Franz ElleinGagelonia, CarmelleMediodia, KatrinaUbal, Cynemae Pearl

MLS 2-E