potted plant production easter lilies. introduction lilium longiflorum native to islands south of...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Potted Plant Production
Easter Lilies
Introduction• Lilium longiflorum
• Native to Islands south of Japan
• Introduced to England in 1819
• Bulb production in US in 1898
• Grown as cut flower and Potted plant
• 3rd in potted plant production
• MI is #2 producer in the US
Cultivars• ACE -
– pyramidal shape
– medium height
– broad dark green leaf
– large number of flowers
• Nellie White -– most popular
– shorter plant
– fewer leaves
– suffers fewer tip burn problems
Propagation• Non-tunicate bulb
• Field production on West side of US
• Done by collecting bulblets and scaling– Scaling is done by breaking off scales, planting
in rows, and allowing 2-3 years until ready to be forces
Propagation• Harvesting of bulbs
done mechanically
• Bulbs are grades by circumference
• Shipped in boxes with humid peat moss
Growth Requirements• Cooling -
– Require 6 weeks of cooling at 40-41 F– Can be done in two ways
• Case cooling - cooled in shipping crates
• Pot cooling - planted in finishing pots, allowed 1-2 weeks for root development and then placed in a cooler
• Pot cooling is a preferred method although it takes up more cooler space
Growth Requirements• Media -
– High porosity– High water holding capacity– Sterile– pH of 6.5 -6.7– Soil mix or Soiless mix
Growth Requirements• Water-
– Do not let plants dry out excessively
– Allow top to dry between watering
– Use spagehtii tubs or overhead watering
– Subsurface results in taller plants
• Fertilizer - – Constant Liquid feed
of 200 ppm Nitrogen
– High salt levels decrease plant height
Growth Requirements• Temperature
– Very sensitive to temperature changes!!!!!– Warmer temp- faster development and taller
plant– Cooler temps - oppesite true– This is a way of timing flowering– In general, plants kept at 63-65 F at night and
73-75 during the day
TemperatureCooler temps slow growth and flower production
Warmer temps speed up flowering and growth
Growth Requirements• Lighting -
– Standard mum lighting used
– Maximize light intensity
• Height Control -– Temperature
– DIF
– Light intensity - lower the light the taller the plant
– Controlling crowding or spacing
– Chemicals - ex. A-rest
Problems• Insects
– Aphids
– Bulb mites
– Fungas gnats• To control all of above
practice IMP and makes sure to use undamaged bulbs
• Diseases – Root Rot - use clean
soil, let soil dry between watering or use fungicide
– Viruses - controlled by using clean material and controlling aphids
• Names by it does to leaf: Fleck, Streak, Curly srtipe
Problems• Physiological
– Bulbs are immature at harvest– Not enough cold treatment– Low light intensity– Temperature too high
Post Harvest & Handling• If bloom too early they
can be held at puffy bud stage at 35-40 F
• Sell lilies when first flower opens
• Remove anthers ASAP. This limits the yellow pollen that sheds on petals and lengthens shelf life.