Group Members:

Jawad Ur Rahman Kifayat Ullah

Zakria khan khattak Mubasser khan

Engr. M.Irfan khanADVISOR:

Fabrication of indigenous potato peeling and dicing machine

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• Title• Group Members • Introduction • Aim and Objective• Project progress a) Literature survey b) Design analysis c) Material selection d) CAD modeling • Response to previous comments • Conclusions• Future work • References • Questions

Contents

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• Potato the third most important staple crop in the world, is a widely consumed vegetable in Pakistan.

• The production of potatoes in Pakistan was 1.8 Million tones in 2010- 2011 from a total area of 1893.90 thousand hectare.

• The potato chip is a very popular snack food in Pakistan. For making chips, the important preparatory operations are washing and peeling. Hand peeling is traditional in Pakistan and is tedious and time consuming. Moreover, the loss of flesh is very high.

Introduction

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For the processing of potatoes, removal of the peel is an important unit operation. Hence, an integrated potato peeler and slicer is being designed and developed. The main parts of the integrated machine are:

• Peeling container.• Water spraying unit.• Dicing unit.

Objective To fabricate low cost small potato peeler. To evaluate the performance of fabricated potato slicer.

AIM

Literature review and survey

• 1. Slicing machines for various fruits and vegetables. (1988)

• 2. Peeling machines for various fruits and vegetables. (1992)

• 3.Cutting and trimming machines for various fruits and vegetables. (2007)

• Gamble et al (1988) studied Potato tubers of cv. Record UK, which were use to produce crisps(chips) of different slice thickness (40-70) of an inch.

• Srivastava et al (1992) designed an onion peeling machine and tested for pungent Michigan onions.

• Jarimopas et al (2007) researched for the purpose to design, construct, and evaluate a prototype machine for opening young coconut fruit.

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Exploded view Unexploded view

Design

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Design analysis

Circular disc with abrasives: A solid circular rotating abrasive disc is placed at the

bottom of the container. Abrasive material are also pasted on the inner side of the container, in such a way that potatoes got peeled by impact shearing when disc is rotated . Dimensions of solid disc are:

Diameter of disc = 14 in Thickness of disc = 0.5 in

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Design analysis• Motor Drives Nd= PDm × Nm/PDd whereNd=driven pulley speed (in rpm)PDm=drive pulley diameter (in in.)Nm=drive pulley speed (in rpm)PDd=driven pulley diameter (in in.)

• Belt Length L= 2C+1.57(D+d)+ (D-d)2

4 × CWhereL=belt length (in in.)2=constantC=distance between pulley center (in in.)1.57=constantD=large pulley diameter (in in.)d=small pulley diameter (in in.)4=constant

TORQUE

T=1/2 D(F+µWg)(N.m)

D:Diameter of roll (m)W:Mass of load (kg)g:Gravitational accelaration(m/s2) µ:Friction coefficient F:External force (N)

Force

F=ma

Power Required for Selecting Motor

Power = 2.π.N.T/60

selection of V Belt

C=0.25((Lp-3.14/2(D+d))+√Lp-3.14/2(D+d)-2(D-d)2

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Motor Drives

• Driven Pulley Speed:- the speed of an 4” driven pulley if the diameter of the drive pulley is 8” and a speed of 850 RPM?

Nd= PDm × Nm/PDd

Nd= 8 × 850 / 4Nd=1700 rpm

• Drive Pulley Diameter:- the diameter of a driven pulley rotating at 1700 rpm if the diameter of the drive is 8” and its speed is 850 rpm.

PDd = PDm × Nm/ Nd

PDd = 8 × 850 /1700 PDd = 4 ̋

850 rpm ?

4” 8”

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Belt Length• Belt length can be determined by using the pulley diameters and the

proper formula.

• The belt length for two pulleys 4” and 8”inchiii diameter and 6” apart at center?

L= 2C+1.57(D+d)+ (D-d)2

4 × CL= 2(6)+1.57(8+4)+ (8-4)2

4 × 6L= 12+ 18.84 + 16 24L= 12+18.84+0.66

L= 31.5 ̋4” 8”

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FORCE ON DISC • FORCE = ?• Mass of potatoes: m = 8 kg• Speed: v =4.5 m/s• Acceleration: a = 4.5 m/s per second = 4.5 m/s2

• Force = m x a = 8 kg x 4.5 m/s2 = 36 N• Force from each wheel: F = 36 N / 2 = 18 N• Power: P = F x v = 18 N x 4.5 m/s = 80 Watt

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Feeding arrangement

• Peeler: Potatoes are fed directly to the container. The disc rotating

peels the potatoes away.

• Dicer: Peeled potatoes are fed to the dicer. The belt pulley

mechanism drives the dicer.

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Drive mechanism• A 50 Hz 1/4hp A.C. single phase motor is used for giving the

drive to the machine with the help of motor shaft and bush arrangement. Specifications of motor are Power = 80-100 watts.

Frame• A rectangular frame of mild steel is fabricated. Motor is fitted at the bottom of the frame using clamp. A hole is made at the bottom to allow the motor shaft to pass through it. Dimensions of frame(ft) are Length x Breadth x Height = 3 x 2 x 1.5(ft)

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Material selection and its properties

Material Yield strength Tensile strength

Density Elastic modulus

Stainless steel 205Mpa 515Mpa 8000kg/m3 193Gpa

Angle iron 247MPa 841MPa 7850 kg/m3 210Gpa

Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)

15.4 Gpa(single crystal)

0.2607 GPa 4000 kg/m3 0.90345 Gpa(modulus of rupture)

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Front view

Top View Side View

CAD modeling

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Response to previous comments1. Force on Abrasive disc2. Abrasive material selection(Aluminum oxide)3. Design analysis (solve)

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Conclusion

• An indigenous potato machine having an affordable price is a demand of the local fast food chains that could bring a considerable decrease in the price of per kg potato peeling.

• Market survey reveal that using local manufacturing resource we can fabricate a potato peeling machine that is affordable and that reduces the cost of peeling.

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Future Work• Material collection• Assembling• Testing of prototype• Progress in CAD• Thesis

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References1. HTTP://WWW.HOBARTCORP.COM/PRODUCTS/FOOD-PREP/PEELERS/2. HTTP://WWW.MAXIMAKITCHENEQUIPMENT.COM/EN/FOOD-PROCESSING/POTATO

-PEELER/3. HTTP://WWW.SORMAC.CO.UK/EN/POTATO-PROCESSING-EQUIPMENT

4. WWW.MEMSNET.ORG/MATERIAL/ALUMINUMOXIDEAL2O3BULK/5. HTTP://WWW.ORIENTALMOTOR.COM/PRODUCTS/PDFS/2012-2013/G/USA_TECH_

CALCULATION.PDF6. HTTP://WWW.MEADINFO.ORG/2009/05/CALCULATING-POWER-REQUIRED-TO-SELE

CT.HTML7. HTTP://WWW.CNC.INFO.PL//FILES/TECMTRSIZ_155.PDF

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Thank you