online fee gateway

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A common drawback of the proposals above is that client requests which miss a particular video broadcasting schedule cannot hope for a reasonably quick service time, in a relatively busy server.

Hence, dynamic multicast proposals have emerged, which allow the existing multicast tree for the same video to be extended in order to include late requests.

The most notable proposals are patching, bandwidth skimming, and chaining. Patching and its variations allow a late client to join an existing multicast stream

and buffer it, while simultaneously the missing portion is delivered by the server via a separate patching stream.

Most of the proposals so far work for multicast broadcasts. This suggests that the network infrastructure supports IP multicasting completely.