popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2
DESCRIPTION
Summer ProjectTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest soil
Presented by REU Amos Lim Zhen Yu
SUNY-ESFSenior year undergraduate
![Page 2: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction• Decomposition def-: Break down and decay of organic matter
• It affects the nutrients availability in the forest floor and soil
Recycled nutrients will be added to the forest floor and soil
• Potential carbon source in the forest. Beginning of food chains: Fungi/bacteria > worms > birds
• Main polymers in plant fiber including: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin.
![Page 3: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Nutrients effect on decomposition
• In my project, I focus on relationships between decomposition rate and addition of nutrients including: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Calcium (Ca) in the forest soil.
• Past studies shown P and Ca potentially accelerate the decomposition but not the extent of decomposition (Reid 1983).
![Page 4: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Nitrogen and decomposition
• Nitrogen (N) causes inhibition of plant fiber degradation, called N-repression.
![Page 5: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Nitrogen and decomposition
![Page 6: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Some complexity in decomposition
• Different N source can have extremely different effect
• Example: Different N effect on white rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporiumt decomposition
Urea supplements (1% added N) strongly inhibited lignin degradation and weight loss.
The complex nitrogen sources peptone stimulated lignin degradation and weight loss.
NH4Cl had intermediate effects.
![Page 7: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is available in Bartlett Experimental Forest?
• Different stand ageYoung (age ~20), Old ( ~120)
• Fertilized plotsN, P, N+P and Control in each stand
We have one Ca plot in each young and old stand
![Page 8: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Methods
• I compare the decomposition rate of fertilized plots and the control plots to see the differences.
![Page 9: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Methods
• I chose to look at decomposition using filter paper and popsicle sticks.
The cellulose and lignin in daily life
~1.03g ~ 1.3±0.3 g
![Page 10: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Duration for my studies
I will bury and retrieve it after 3 months
Weight lost over 3 months period tell us the decomposition rate of cellulose.
![Page 11: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Duration for my studies
I will bury and retrieve it in a year or 2 year period.
Weight lost over time tell us the decomposition rate of lignin.
![Page 12: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Systematic locations
![Page 13: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hypothesis
• I hypothesize that the cellulose/lignin decomposition rate would be lower when concentration of Nitrogen is higher in the microenvironment of the cellulose/lignin. The cellulose/lignin decomposition rate would be higher when concentration of Ca is higher in the microenvironment of the cellulose/lignin. Therefore I expect to see significantly lower decomposition in N, and N+P fertilized stands in the end of the studies. Where the Ca and P does not affect the decomposition result.
![Page 14: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Hypothesis
Higher Nitrogen concentration → lower decomposition
Higher Phosphorus concentration → higher decomposition
Higher in Both Nitrogen and Phosphorus →lower
Higher Ca concentration → higher decomposition
![Page 15: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Some other problems in the past studies
• Decomposition rate varies a lot. • Decomposition takes a LONG time.• Decomposition related to microenvironment. • Microorganism involved in decomposition is
not well studied enough for us to understand decomposition process.
![Page 16: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Importance of my project
• To study decomposition with limited funding.
• To give us directions on future studies.
• To see if there’s a general pattern in our experimental forest.
![Page 17: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Acknowledgement
• All the Phd titled, in ShoeString Project• And all the rootmates.
& Russell
![Page 18: Popsicle sticks and filter paper decomposition in forest v2](https://reader038.vdocuments.mx/reader038/viewer/2022110118/554e7bceb4c905f66a8b5163/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
References• Berg, B., & Laskowski R. (2006). Advances in Ecological
Research Volume 38: Litter decomposition: A guide to carbon and nutrient turnover. San Diego: Elseview Academic Press.
• Binkley, D. (1983). Does Forest Removal Increase Rates of Decomposition and Nitrogen Release?. Amsterdam, The Netherland: Elsevier Science Publisher B.V.. For. Ecol. Manag., 229-233.
• Reid, I., D. (1983). Effects of Nitrogen Supplements on Degradation Wood Lignin and Carbohydrate Components by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. Applied and Environmental microbiology,.. 830-837.