please pass back the new objective sheet and read the board! please get out paper for notes. dig it!
TRANSCRIPT
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Please pass back the new objective sheet and read the board!Please get out paper for notes.
Dig it!
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ARE THESE WORTH PROTECTING?
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WHY SHOULD WE PROTECT BIODIVERSITY?
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THREE TYPES OF BIODIVERSITY
Ecosystem biodiversitySpecies biodiversityGenetic biodiversity
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ECOSYSTEM BIODIVERSITY:DIFFERENT TYPES OF EACH BIOME – THERE’S NOT JUST ONE KIND OF GRASSLAND!
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GREAT PLAINS
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ECOSYSTEM BIODIVERSITY:TEMPERATE RAINFOREST AND TROPICAL RAINFOREST
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CONIFEROUS FORESTS AND TEXAS DECIDUOUS FORESTS
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GENETIC BIODIVERSITY: THE GENE POOL (TOTAL DNA) OF A SPECIES
If a species is too inbred, they could be more vulnerable to disease.
They might not be able to handle changes in their environment well.
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GENETIC BIODIVERSITY
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SPECIES DIVERSITY
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5 REASONS TO PROTECT BIODIVERSITY
1. Medicinal 2. Agricultural 3. Commercial 4. Ecological 5. Ethical/Aesthetic
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REASON #1:MEDICINAL
40% of modern medicines come from plants/animals/fungi
95% of known plant species have never been tested for medicinal value
Rosy Periwinkle: Hodgkin’s disease and lymphocytic leukemia
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PACIFIC YEW – TAXOL CANCER MEDICINE
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TH
E N
EEM
TR
EE F
RO
M IN
DIA
Historically used to clean teeth, skin disorders, insect repellent.
What chemical does it contain?
Could it be used at a commercial level to help more people?
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REASON #2: COMMERCIAL
Harvesting: Shrimp industry
harvesting: Recreational hunting
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COMMERCIAL: ECOTOURISM
Visiting Nature Preserves Whale Watching
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ECOTOURISM
Austin’s bat colony Snorkling
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ECOTOURISM
Mountain biking Whitewater Rafting
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BIOMIMICRY - ENGINEERING DESIGNS BASED ON NATURAL SYSTEMS
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BIOMIMICRY – BULLET TRAIN INSPIRED BY KINGFISHER’S BILL
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BIOMIMICRY – ENGINEERING DESIGNS BASED ON NATURAL SYSTEMS
Whale fins – better wind turbines
Underwater plants – floating energy harvesters
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REASON #3: AGRICULTURAL
Of 80,000 known edible plants on the planet, we depend on 20 species to provide 90% of global food supply.
Corn, rice, soy and wheat are 50% alone!
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RELYING TOO HEAVILY ON LIMITED VARIETY CAN BE DANGEROUS
1841-1851
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LOSS OF DIVERSITY IN AGRICULTURE
Apples – 14,000 apple cultivars in N. America have been reduced to 11 which supply 90% of our supply
Coffee – 28% decline in Latin American production as climate change has brought new rainfall and pest patterns
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NEW OPTIONS?
Winged Bean of New Guinea Katemfe berry
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GENES FROM MODERN CATTLE THAT CARRY AUROCH GENES WILL BE BRED TO LOOK AND ACT LIKE EXTINCT AUROCH. THESE WILL BE ABLE TO BROWSE ON BEECH TREES WHICH ARE CHOKING EUROPE’S WOODS
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POLLINATORS
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REASON #4: ECOLOGICAL
Food webs Symbiotic
relationships Indicator species US Fish and Wildlife
Service estimates that losing one plant can trigger the loss of 30 other species
Food webs Simba says it’s all connected!
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ECOLOGICAL
Ecosystem services!
Air purification Water filtration Climate control
(absorbing CO2) Gene bank Soil building
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REASON #5: AESTHETICS/RECREATION/SPIRITUAL/MORAL
1.5 million KNOWN species
More are discovered every year
We are ONE species Biodiversity enriches our lives!
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“ENDANGERED MEANS THERE’S STILL TIME!” Threatened Endangered Extinct
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SO DID WE MEET OUR OBJECTIVES TODAY?
3 types of biodiversity
5 reasons to protect species
Threatened Endangered Extinct
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HOMEWORK FOR THE WEEKEND
Endangered species index card!