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Plato’s Theory of Forms

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Page 1: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Plato’s Theory of Forms

Page 2: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

PLATO427-347 B.C.

• Born aristocratic in Athens• Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s

teacher• Wrote about Socrates & this is

how we know of Socrates• Founded the Academy in 385

B.C. (1st University)• Interested in Political

Philosophy• Theory of Forms, Ethics,

Political Philosophy

Page 3: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

PLATO FORM THEORY

• Everything you see, taste, smell, etc…are shadows of what is really “Real”

• What is real are FORMS.

• FORMS are the template or blueprint for things that are real

• FORMS are perfect and unchanging

Page 4: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

• List the attributes of a desk

• Define the essence of a desk

• The more we study this, the closer we will come to figuring out the universal form of desk.

Page 5: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

• According to Plato, this form is permanent.

• There is a FORM for everything

• FORMS are the only permanent reality, everything else is a temporary shadow of reality; all the things that we can sense. (PLATO’s Allegory of the Cave)

Page 6: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we
Page 7: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of

Becoming

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Page 8: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of

Becoming

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 9: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of

Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 10: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 11: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

Reason & Logic

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 12: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Physical ThingsObjects, and originals of images

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

Reason & Logic

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 13: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Physical ThingsObjects, and originals of images

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

Reason & Logic

Perception Senses &

Scientific Tools

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 14: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Physical ThingsObjects, and originals of images

ShadowsMemories, fantasies, reflected images

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

Reason & Logic

Perception Senses &

Scientific Tools

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 15: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Physical ThingsObjects, and originals of images

ShadowsMemories, fantasies, reflected images

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

Reason & Logic

Perception Senses &

Scientific Tools

Imagination

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory

Page 16: Plato’s Theory of Forms. PLATO 427-347 B.C. Born aristocratic in Athens Socrates’ Student & Aristotle’s teacher Wrote about Socrates & this is how we

Higher FormsBeauty, Justice, Equality, Unity

Lower FormsScientific Principles, Math

Physical ThingsObjects, and originals of images

ShadowsMemories, fantasies, reflected images

Intelligible World of

Being

Visible World of Becoming

Educated Intellect

Pure Thought

Reason & Logic

Perception Senses &

Scientific Tools

Imagination

KNOWLEDGE

SCIENCE

MetaphysicsEpistemology

Permanent, Perfect & Real

Changing, Imperfect, Unreliable

Plato’s Theory of FormsAlso known as the Divided Line Theory


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