platoni 1

evTifroni .................................................................................................................7laxesi .........................................................................................................................49mcire hipia .......................................................................................................... 103pirveli alkibiade...................................................................................... 149Teage ......................................................................................................................... 249

SeniSvnebi .............................................................................................................. 282

sarCevi

evTifroni

9

winaTqma

romis imperator tiberiuss (14-37) hyavda erTi astrologi,

warmomavlobiT rodoseli, saxelad Trasile, romelic patronis

brZanebiT momavals uwinaswarmetyvelebda mas1. diogene laerteli

gadmogvcems, rom swored am Trasiles Seudgenia platonis Txzule-

baTa sruli krebuli da, viTomcda TviT platonisganve momdin-

are tradiciis Tanaxmad, 9 tetralogiad dauyvia isini. TiToeul

tetralogiaSi, rogorc saTauri gviCCvenebs, 4 dialogi Sedis.

diogene saTiTaod CamoTvlis maT da gvauwyebs, pirveli tetralo-

gia èvTifroniT~ iwyebao2. Trasileseuli `kanoni~ sakmaod saeWvo

Rirsebisaa (sakmarisia iTqvas, rom iseTi dialogebi, rogorebicaa

`fedoni~, `Teeteti~, `sofisti~, `politikosi~, `parmenide~, `nadimi~

an `fedrosi~, masSi win uswrebs `xarmides~, `laxess~, `lisissa~ Tu

àlkibiades~) da dRes ukve aRaravin iziarebs mas, erTi gamonakli-

sis – èvTifronis~ – garda, romliTac platonis araerTi mTargmneli

Tu gamomcemeli kvlavindeburad iwyebs didi berZeni filosofosis

TxzulebaTa sruli krebulis sakuTar gamocemas3.

amnair arCevans Tavisi gamarTlebac moeZebneba da gamtyunebac.

pirwmindad formaluri – literaturul-stilisturi analizi,

romelic avlens kompoziciis simartives, moqmedebis ganviTarebis

sworxazovnebas, kiTxva-pasuxTa erTgvar simSralesa da sqematuro-

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bas, TiTqos damajereblad gvidasturebs im Tvalsazrisis siswores,

romlis mixedviTac èvTifroni~ platonis pirveli Tu ara, yovel

SemTxvevaSi, erT-erTi pirveli qmnileba mainc unda iyos. sxvanair

daskvnamde mivyavarT dialogis Sinaarsobrivi aspeqtis detalur

analizs, rac aaSkaravebs zogierT iseT moments (ìdea~, rogorc

saganTa da movlenaTa arsi, maTi igiveobisa Tu TviTidenturobis

safuZveli4; ìdea~, rogorc fenomenTa mTeli simravlisa Tu mra-

valferovnebis erTaderTi zogadi nimuSi5), romelTa mixedviTac

Cven SegviZlia vamtkicoT, rom Tavis pirvel, e.w. `sokratul dia-

logebTan~ SedarebiT, platoni ukve sakmaod Sorsaa wasuli ìdeaTa

Teoriis~ formirebisa da Camoyalibebis TvalsazrisiT. Tumca, aqve

unda iTqvas, rom argumentaciis orive meTods mxolod fardobiTi

Rirebuleba Tu SeiZleba mieweros. marTlacda, ra ufleba gvaqvs

vivaraudoT, rom platonis mxatvruli ostatoba – sworxazovnad da

ganuxrelad – TandaTanobiTi gradaciis gzas misdevs misi sulieri

evoluciis kvaldakval? (vis epareba eWvi, rom `Teeteti~ `sokrates

apologiaze~ ufro gviandelia? magram aseve ueWvelia isic, rom

formaluri srulyofilebiT pirveli dialogi aSkarad Camouvardeba

meores). arc imis mtkiceba SeiZleba dabejiTebiT, TiTqos ìdeaTa

Teoria~ aseve sworxazovnad da Tanmimdevrulad yalibdeba platonis

sulSi (vis SeuZlia imis uaryofa, rom mTeli misi msoflmxedveloba

Sinagani winaaRmdegobebiTaa aRbeWdili? rom misTvis ucxo rodia

sakuTar TavSi daeWvebis, ukuqcevis an dasaxuli miznisaken mimavali

gzidan gadaxvevis momentebi?).

arc dialogis faqtobrivi monacemebi gveubneba rames imis Ses-

axeb, Tu rodis unda iyos dawerili igi. raRa gvrCeba? mxolod da

mxolod hipoTezebi: zogierTi mkvlevris azriT, èvTifronis~

daweris TariRi Zv. w. 400-sa da 399 wels Sorisaa sagulvebeli, vinaidan

sokrates swored 400 wels dasdes brali mkrexelobaSi, momdevno

wlis maisSi ki mas ukve sasikvdilo ganaCeni gamoutanes. èWvs gare-

Sea, – wers erTi am mkvlevarTagani, – rom èvTifroni~ maswavleblis

sikvdilamde unda daewera platons. vinaidan, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,

mas ecodineboda da Tavis dialogSi moixseniebda sokrates samive

bralmdebels da ara mxolod meletoss~6. magram dialogSi asaxuli

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droisa da misi daweris drois gaigiveba sakmaod miamituri Secdomis

Sedegia... frangi mecnieri moris kruaze Tvlis, rom èvTifroni~

uSualod mosdevs `sokrates apologias~ da daaxloebiT 396-395

wlebSia dawerili7. amave TariRs mxars uWers v. vindelbandic8. yvela

hipoTezis CamoTvla Sors wagviyvanda da, albaT, arc aris saWiro,

vinaidan maTi uaryofa ufro advilia, vidre maTi gaziareba. amitom,

èvTifroniT~ rom viwyebT platonis TxzulebaTa pirvel toms, Cven

mxolod ZvelisZvel tradicias vuwevT angariSs.

dialogSi oradori moqmedi piria: qurumi evTifroni9 da

sokrate. evTifronis Sesaxeb araviTari cnobebi ar mogvepoveba,

garda imisa, rom ufro mogvianebiT is erTxel kidev ixsenieba

platonis dialogSi `kratile~ (396d), Tumca, aqve unda davZinoT,

rom èvTifronSi~ is pitTeelia, `kratileSi~ ki prospalteli

da imis xelaRebiT mtkiceba, rom orive dialogSi erTi da igive

pirovneba igulisxmeba, cota ar iyos, damajereblobasaa mokle-

buli. magram swored ase iqcevian m. kruaze10 da a. a. taxo-godi11.

evTifrons ixsenieben agreTve plutarqe, diogene laerteli da

numeniosi, citirebuli evsevi pamfilelis (kesarielis) mier12.

Tumca maTi cnobebis erTaderTi wyaro isev platoni unda iyos,

vinaidan mxolod imas gvauwyeben, rom sokrate Sexvedria evTi-

frons da usaubria masTan.

SemTxveviTi rodia, rom dialogSi erTmaneTis pirispir dganan

qurumi da filosofosi; ori mrwamsi, ori Tvalsazrisi, ori mso-

flmxedveloba: erTis mxriv, berZnuli religiis aRmsarebeli da

misi tradiciebis Tavgamodebuli damcveli, xolo meores mxriv,

kaci, romelsac bralad edeba am religiis `wmindaTawminda~ safuZ-

vlebis xelyofa, mkrexeloba, RmerTebis gmoba. pirvelis TviTkmari

umecreba, miamitoba da sibece TiTqos TavisTavad ganasaxierebs mTel

tradiciul sarwmunoebas, Tavisi anTropomorfuli RvTaebebiT,

aTasgvari crurwmeniTa da pirwmindad garegnuli ritualebiT,

romlebic akmayofilebs mxolod ubiri xalxis religiur grZnobas,

magram arafers eubnebian brboze amaRlebuli kacis sulsa da guls.

meoris cocxali da maZiebeli azri ki cdilobs swored am garegnuli

ritualebis, materialuri kultis saburvels miRma Seicnos samyaros

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maradiuli sulieri sawyisi – RmerTi, romelic iseve ganwonis da

ganagebs mTel kosmoss, rogorc adamianis suli – missave sxeuls.

erTmaneTs upirispirdeba qurumisa da filosofosis ara marto

religiuri, aramed moraluri mrwamsic. pirvelisaTvis zneobrivi

qcevis wesebi erTxel da samudamod dadgenilia adaTiT, CveulebiT,

kanonebiT, sarwmunoebiT. yvelafers gansazRvravs da ganapirobebs

tradicia. amitom sruliad fuWia da zedmeti imaze Tavis mtvreva,

Tu ra aris mosawoni, dasawuni, misaRebi, ukusagdebi. filosofosi

sxvagvarad fiqrobs: misTvis brma rwmena ki ara, mxolod cnobieri

qcevaa moraluri, mxolod racionalur Semecnebas SeuZlia myar

safuZvelze daafuZnos zneobrivi qcevis normebi. gonebis qmediTo-

bis, azrovnebis gareSe warmoudgenelia Cveni sicocxle da imisaTvis,

rom marTebulad vicxovroT, marTebulad unda vazrovnebdeT. ase

erwymis codna da morali erTimeores. sokratesaTvis yvelaferi,

rac Secdomebisa da iluziebisagan gvaTavisuflebs, moraluria;

da piriqiT, aramoraluria is, rac Secdomebsa da iluziebs gvaxvevs

Tavs da maT tyveobaSi gvamyofebs.

swored amitom aRiqmeba am ori msoflmxedvelobis Widili,

rogorc rutinisa da novatorobis, dromoWmulisa da ganaxlebis

suliskveTebis, sibrZnisa da umecrebis antagonizmi. mxolod eg

kia, rom am Widils jer kidev ar miuRwevia Tavisi apogeisTvis; jer

kidev ar gamokveTila mTeli sigrZe-siganiT is Tvaluwvdeni ufsk-

ruli, romelic Zevs sokrates pirovnul mrwamssa da misi Taname-

drove berZnuli sazogadoebis eTikursa da religiur Sexedulebebs

Soris. mSvidi da intimuri ganwyobileba, aumRvreveli atmosfero,

romelic mTlianad ganwonis dialogs, jer kidev ar iZleva imis

saSualebas, rom Tvalsawierze momavali katastrofis mauwyebeli

Rrublebi davlandoT. mxolod ubedurebis momaswavebeli pirveli

simptomi – meletosis braldeba (2b-3b) da sokrates winaTgrZnoba

(3de) gvavaraudebinebs, rom siuJeturi ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT,

`evTifroni~ im inteleqtualuri dramis erTgvari preludia unda

iyos, romlis momdevno moqmedebebadac `sokrates apologia~, `kri-

toni~ da `fedoni~ gvevlineba.

axla ki kvaldakval mivyveT avtors:

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zevs elevTeriosis (ganmaTavisufleblis) taZris maxloblad

mdebare `samefo bWesTan~ erTmaneTs SemTxveviT xvdebian sokrate

da evTifroni. isini sxvadasxva saqmis gamo mosulan `mefe arqontis~

karze13. sokrate – rogorc braldebuli: mas RvTismgmoblobas

swamebs axalgazrda tragikosi poeti meletosi (es gaxlavT erT-erTi

yvelaze mZime braldeba, romelic kacs SeiZleba wauyenon aTenSi);

evTifroni – rogorc bralmdebeli: is mkvlelobaSi adanaSaulebs

mSobel mamas, romelsac xaroSi Caugdia Tavisi moijaradris mkvleli

mona da kaci gaugzavnia aTenSi, raTa misnebisagan gaego, Tu rogor

daesaja igi. magram am kacis dabrunebamde uyuradRebod mitovebul

monas suli amoxdomia xaroSi. evTifrons Tavis wmindaTawminda

movaleobad miaCnia kacismkvlelad gamoacxados mamamisi da saqme

aRZras mis winaaRmdeg, radganac Tvlis, rom `erTnairi sibilwea mis

gverdiT cxovrebac, roca ici, rac Caidina, da isic, rom sasamarTlos

ar gadasce igi, raTa masTan erTad Senc ganiwmindo~ (4c).

kaci, romelic ase Tavdajerebulad acxadebs, rom misi saqcieli

wmindaa, albaT, kidevac unda icnobdes siwmindis WeSmarit arss.

amitom sokratec ekiTxeba evTifrons, icis Tu ara, ra aris siwminde

da ra aris wminda?14 qurumis pasuxi aaSkaravebs, ra zereled da zeda-

pirulad aRiqvams igi sokrates kiTxvas: siwminde, misi azriT, isaa,

rom hbaZavde zevss, ukvdavTa Soris `ukeTessa da usamarTlianes~

RvTaebas, romelmac ukeTurobis sanacvlod sastikad dasaja mSo-

beli mama – uranosi (5d-6a). sokrates sasacilodac ar hyofnis xalxis

miamituri warmodgeniT SeTxzuli miTebi, SuRls, mtrobas da orTab-

rZolebs rom miaweren RmerTebs. magram Tu virwmunebT, – eubneba

igi evTifrons, – rom es miTebi simarTlis natamals mainc Seicavs,

siwmindis Sen mier SemoTavazebuli ganmarteba am SemTxvevaSic ki

ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos marTebulad, vinaidan sxvaa siwmindis erT-

erTi saxe da sul sxva – siwminde zogadad. filosofoss swored

es zogadoba ainteresebs (`...me imas ki ar gTxovdi, rom siwmindis

uricxvi simravlidan oriode nimuSi mogetana CemTvis, aramed imas,

rom gangemarta siwmindis zogadi arsi, romlis Tanaxmadac wmindaa

yovelive is, rac aris wminda~, 6d).

raki pirveli definicia aSkarad arasakmarisi aRmoCCnda, qurumi

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siwmindis axal ganmartebas sTavzobs sokrates: `wmindaa is, rac

RmerTebs moswonT, xolo is, rac ar moswonT, – ukeTuri~ (7a). am

ganmartebas, albaT, uyoymanod gaiziarebda aTenelTa absoluturi

umravlesoba, magram ara sokrate, romelic Tamamad upirispirdeba

rogorc umravlesobis azrs, ise mis sakralur kults – poliTeistur

religiasac. es religia Tavis wiaRSi aerTianebs uricxv sxvadasx-

va RmerTs, romelTa Sorisac, Tuki popularul miTebsa da maT

religiursa da poetur interpretaciebs verwmunebiT (gavixsenoT

evTifronis zemoT gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi, an kidev homerosis

olimpielni), erTsulovnebaze ufro xSirad uTanxmoeba sufevs.

amitom is, rac mosawoni, sasiamovno, sayvareli an sasurvelia erTi

romelime RvTaebisaTvis, SeiZleba dasawuni, usiamovno, saZulveli

da arasasurveli iyos meorisaTvis. ase rom, RmerTebis gancdebi,

aRqmebi da SegrZnebebi siwmindisa Tu ukeTurebis ganmsazRvrel

kriteriumad ar gamodgeba.

Tavgzaabneulma qurumma aRar icis, saiT eces, ra gzas daadges;

amitom isev sokrate uCvenebs gamosavals: `...Semdegnairad xom ar

SevasworoT Cveni msjeloba, – eubneba igi evTifrons, – ukeTuria

is, rac arc erT RmerTs ar moswons, is ki, rac yvela RmerTs mos-

wons – wminda; xolo is, rac zogierT RmerTs uyvars da zogierTs

sZuls, an arc erTia da arc meore, an orivea erTad. Tanaxma xar Tu

ara, rom ase ganvsazRvroT ukeTuri da wminda?~ (9d). wyalwaRebuli

xavss eWidebodao: evTifroni dauyovnebliv iziarebs sokrates am

azrs, romelic misive sakuTari ganmartebis mxolod Sesworebul

variantad miaCnia, da verc ki amCnevs, rom amiT mTlianad Tu ara,

nawilobriv mainc uaryofs Tavis adrindel mtkicebas RmerTebis

qiSpobisa da mtrobis Sesaxeb: dae, maT ibrZolon ZalauflebisaTvis,

eWvianobis niadagze umuxTlon da umtron erTmaneTs, troelebisa

da aqavelebis momxreebad dayofilni daerion erTimeores da a.S.,

magram rac Seexeba zneobriv faseulobebs, – sxva gza ar aris? – maTi

aRqmisas absoluturad erTsulovanni unda iyvnen. sabralo qurumi,

romelsac ise aTamaSebs filosofosi, rogorc kata – Tagvs! ver

xvdeba, rom sokrate ki ar Svelis, aramed maxes ugebs.

msjeloba Semdegnairad viTardeba: Tuki siwminde isaa, rac ukleb-

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liv yvela RmerTs moswons da uyvars, xolo ukeTureba is, rac arc

erTi RmerTisaTvis araa mosawoni da sayvareli, sakiTxavia, siwminde

imitomaa siwminde, rom RmerTebs uyvarT, Tu piriqiT, imitom uyvarT,

rom siwmindea? anu, sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, siwminde TavisTavadaa

siwminde, TavisTavadaa RmerTebis survilisa da siyvarulis sagani,

Tu mxolod am siyvarulis wyalobiT iZens da imsaxurebs siwmindis

saxels? sokrate maxvilgonivrulad usabuTebs Tanamosaubres, rom

RmerTebis siyvaruli ki ar gansazRvravs siwmindis arss, piriqiT,

TviT es arsia RmerTebis siyvarulis ganmsazRvreli, saidanac bune-

brivad gamomdinareobs daskvna, rom arc siwmindis es definicia

SeiZleba CCaiTvalos damajereblad.

am axali warumateblobiT gaognebuli da nirwamxdari qurumi

saerTod kargavs logikuri msjelobis unars. mas Tavzarsa scems

kidev erTi marcxis warmodgena (`marTali giTxra, aRarc ki vici,

rogor gamovxato Cemi azri, sokrate; radganac Cven mier wamoy-

enebuli yvela debuleba iryeva da im adgilze veRara rCeba, romelic

Cven mivuCineT~, 11b). filosofosi ki, piriqiT, Tavis mSobliur

stiqiaSi grZnobs Tavs. amxnevebs da siwmindis kidev erT ganmartebas

sTavazobs qurums: `...winaswar nu daecemi suliT, aramed daukvirdi,

aucileblad migaCnia Tu ara, rom yovelive is, rac wmindaa, imav-

droulad, samarTlianic unda iyos?~ (11e). magram es axali defi-

niciac, danarCenTa msgavsad, Tavis dasabuTebas moiTxovs: am or

cnebaTagan mainc romelia ufro farTo? romeli moicavs meores?

samarTlianobaa siwmindis nawili Tu, piriqiT, siwminde gvevlineba

samarTlianobis nawilad? rogorc Cans, sworia sokrates debulebis

meore punqti, vinaidan yovelive samarTliani aucileblad gulisx-

mobs wmindas, maSin, rodesac yovelive wminda rodi gulisxmobs

samarTlians (iseve, rogorc `luwi~ yovelTvis gulisxmobs ricxvs,

magram ara piruku: ricxvi yovelTvis rodi gulisxmobs `luws~).

ki magram, – ekiTxeba Tanamosaubres sokrate, – samarTlianis mainc

ra nawilia wminda? rogorc Cans, is, – miugebs qurumi, – romelic

RvTismsaxurebas ukavSirdeba. xolo RvTismsaxureba, misi azriT,

sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara msxverplSewirva da locva-vedreba. magram

kaci, romelic msxverpls swiravs RmerTebs, raRacas uZRvnis, raRa-

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cas aZlevs maT, locva-vedrebiT ki aseve raRacas moiTxovs maTgan.

amrigad, evTifronis kidev erTi definiciiT, siwminde imis xelovne-

baa, rom raRaca misce an sTxovo ukvdavT (14d), saidanac garduvalad

gamomdinareobs daskvna, rom siwminde RmerTTa da kacTa Soris

erTgvar aReb-micemobad gvevlineba (es `mkrexeluri~ azri mar-

tooden dialogis Sinagani ganviTarebis logikuri Sedegi rodi

gaxlavT: berZnuli religiis RmerTebi, romlebic `adamianis xatad~

iyvnen Seqmnilni da adamianebisave interesebi da moTxovnilebebi

hqondaT, uangarod rodi gascemdnen TavianT wyalobas. amitomac

msxverplSewirvas Zvel saberZneTSi odiTganve erTgvari savaWro

garigebis xasiaTi hqonda15).

keTili da patiosani, – ambobs sokrate, – adamianebisaTvis am

aReb-micemobis mniSvneloba diaxac gasagebia, magram ras argia igi

RmerTebs? `nuTu aReb-micemobis niWiT vjobivarT, rakiRa yvelafers

viRebT maTgan, isini ki Cvengan – arafers?~ (15a), razec evTifroni

miugebs, rom Cveni Sesawiravi sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara RmerTebi-

sadmi `Cveni pativiscemisa da mowiwebis gamoxatuleba, an kidev...

imis dasturi, rom gvsurs raRaca vaamoT maT~ (15a). maSasadame,

msxver plSewirva sasiamovno yofila RmerTebisaTvis. sokrates sul

oriode kiTxva sWirdeba, raTa aRiarebinos evTifrons, rom is, rac

sasiamovnoa RmerTebisaTvis, imavdroulad, mosawoni, sasurveli

da sayvarelicaa maTTvis; es ki zemoT ukve arasakmarisad miCneuli

meore definiciis sityvasityviT ganmeorebas niSnavs... ase ikvreba

erTgvari mojadoebuli Tu biwieri wre, saidanac gamosavali ukve

aRara Cans. amitom TavmoyvareobaSelaxuli qurumi arafrad agdebs

sokrates Txovnas, – nu mimatoveb, kvlav erTad ganvagrZoT siwmin-

dis kvleva-Ziebao, – gadaudebel saqmes moimizezebs da gaqceviT

Svelis Tavs.

amrigad, siwmindis arsi faqtobrivad ganusazRvreli darCa.

magram, am negatiuri Sedegis miuxedavad, platoni erTdroulad

ramdenime mizans aRwevs. da marTlac, daasabuTo poliTeizmis

zneobrivi umweoba, misi miTologiuri tradiciebis usafuZvloba

da misi kultis unayofoba; aCveno am kultis msaxurTa gonebrivi

SezRuduloba; dasaxo siwmindisa da samarTlianobis Tanafardobis

17

mravlisaRmTqmeli tendencia; amxilo miTologiur crurwmenaTa

mavne gavlena da adamianis SegnebaSi gaaRvivo Tavisufali azrovnebis

mZafri wyurvili, TviTmyofobis, TviTrwmenisa da Sinagani Rirsebis

amayi grZnoba, – yovelive es avtoris udavo miRwevad da damsaxurebad

unda CaiTvalos.

SeniSvnebi

1 imis Sesaxeb, Tu rarig sarisko da saxifaTo saqme iyo amnairi

winaswarmetyveleba, ix. Taciti Annales, VI, 21; Suet. De Vit. XII Caes., Tib.,14.

2 Diogenis Laertii De clarorum philosophorum vitis..., III, 57-61.

3 ix. magaliTad, Platonis Opera omnia, ed. C.Stulbaum, t.I, Lipsiae, 1877; Platon,

Oeuvres complètes. publiées sous la direction de M.Emile Saisset, traductions

Dacier et Crou, t. I, Paris, 1869; Plato, With an English Translation by Harold

Fowler, t. I, London, 1960.

4 ix. `evTifroni~, 5d.

5 iqve, 6d.

6 ix. Платон, Эвтифрон, Введение, перев. и примеч. А. М. Якимаха, СПб., 1893,

стр.5.

7 Platon, Oeuvres comple tes, t. I, texte tabli et traduit par M.Croiset, P., 1920, p.117.

8 Виндельбанд, История древней философии, СПб., 1908, стр.149.

9 Zvel saberZneTSi ar arsebobda qristianuli samRvdeloebis

Sesabamisi sasuliero wodeba. qurumis Tanamdeboba arafriT ar

gansxvavdeboda nebismieri sxva Tanamdebobisagan. Tuki moepri-

aneboda, kacs SeeZlo yovel wams mietovebina igi. ra Tqma unda,

zogierTi qurumi mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi asrulebda

Tavis movaleobas, magram ise ki cxovrobda, rogorc yvela saero

piri. berZnuli sarwmunoebisaTvis ucxo iyo yovelgvari Teo-

logiuri doqtrina Tu dogmebi, yovelgvari religiuri morali.

yvela RvTaebis kults Tavisi sakuTari msaxuri hyavda; yvelas

Tavisi dResaswaulebi hqonda, Tavisi ceremoniebi, Tavisi ritu-

alebi. ar arsebobda sasuliero wodebis araviTari organizacia,

18

araviTari ierarqia (ix. Поль Гиро, Частная и общественная жизнь греков,

М., стр. 236-237).10 op. cit., p. 179.

11 Платон, Сочинения в трех томах, т. I, М., 1968, стр. 609 (прим. 26).

12 Plut., De Cenio Socratis, X; Diog. Laort., II, 29; Euseb., Praeparatio Evangelica,

XIII, 5.

13 ix. koment., 2,3.

14 am sityviT gadmovcemT dedniseul hosio-s, romelic SeiZleba

iTargmnos agreTve rogorc `RvTisnieri~.

15 amis Sesaxeb dawvrilebiT ix. p. giro, dasax. naSr. gv. 246-249.

19

2

b

evTifroni, sokrate

e vTifroni es ra axali ambavia, sokrate? Tavi miginebe-

bia likeonSi1 Seni saqmianobisaTvis da axla aq atareb

dros, samefo bWesTan2. an iqneb, Cemi ar iyos, Senc raime

saCivriT eaxel mefes3?

sokrate ara, evTifron, Cems saqmes saCivars ki ar etyvian

aTenelni, aramed braldebas.

e vTifroni ras ambob? nuTu vinmem giCivla? radgan me ver

warmomidgenia, rom Sen TviTon SegiZlia uCivlo sxvas.

sokr ate marTlac rom ar SemiZlia.

e vTifroni maSasadame, Sen TviTon giCivla vinmem?

sokr ate diax.

e vTifroni mainc vin?

sokr ate marTali giTxra, kargad arc ki vicnob, evTif-

ron. Sesaxedavad axalgazrdaa, sxva mxriv ki ra mogax-

seno. mgoni, meletosi4 hqvia saxelad, xolo sadaurobas

20

Tu ikiTxav, – pitTeelia5. xom ar gecnoba vinme pitTeeli

meletosi? gadalesili Tmebi, Txeli wveri da kexiani

cxviri aqvs.

e vT ifron i ara, ar mecnoba, sokrate. ki magram, mainc

raSi gdebs brals?

sokrate raSi da... amnair braldebas, Cemis azriT, mxolod

keTilSobili kaci Tu wamogiyenebs. ase axalgazrda da –

amdeni codna, xumroba saqme rodia. rogorc TviTon

ambobs, man Turme icis, ra xrwnis axalgazrdobas da vin

arian misi gamxrwnelni. Cans, rom brZenia; Seicno Cemi

umecreba da saxelmwifos – Cveni saerTo dedis winaSe

Tavisi Tanatolebis gaxrwnas mdebs bralad. Cemis azriT,

is erTaderTia saxelmwifo moRvaweTa Soris, marTebu-

lad rom iwyebs saqmes. marTlacda, uwinares yovlisa,

saWiroa imaze zrunva, rom axalgazrdoba rac SeiZleba

ukeTesi iyos; am mxriv, gonier mebaRes unda vbaZavdeT,

upirveles yovlisa, norC nergebs rom dastrialebs

Tavs da mxolod Semdeg – yvela da narCens. ueWvelad

aseve iqceva meletosic: jer Cven, – rogorc TviTonve

ambobs, – axalgazrda Taobis gamxrwnelT amogvZirkvavs

da Semdeg, cxadia, ufro xnierebze gadaitans Tavis

zrunvas, riTac araerT fasdaude bel samsaxurs gauwevs

Cvens saxelmwifos. misgan, vinc ase Rirseulad iwyebs

saqmes, ra Tqma unda, bevr rames unda velodeT.

e vT ifro n i neta, egre iyos, sokrate, magram vaiTu

yvelaferi ukuRma moxdes, radgan vinc Senze aRmarTavs

xels, Cemis azriT, saxelmwifos wminda fuZis moSlasa

cdilobs. magram miTxari, ras ambobs, – mainc rogora

xrwni axalgazrdobas?

c

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21

sokr at e rom mogasmenina, yurebs ar daujereb, Cemo

saocaro; ambobs, viTomc RmerTebis Semoqmedi var,

viTomc axal RmerTebs vqmni da Zvelebisa araferi mwams;

ai, rasa mdebs bralad6.

e vT ifroni gasagebia, sokrate! Sen xom amtkiceb, rom

erTTavad Tana gdevs Seni demoni7. hoda, meletosmac

daaskvna, TiTqos axal sarwmunoebas amkvidreb da ami-

tomac Seitana sarCeli samsjavroSi, rakiRa icis, ra

advilad erwmuneba brbo amnair ciliswamebas. aki mec

damcinian da SeSlilad mTvlian, roca sajaro Tavyri-

lobaze sarwmunoebisaTvis vesaubrebi an winaswar

vucxadeb xalxs, rac unda moxdes. da Tumca Cemi winas-

warmetyveleba arasodes gamtyunebula, magram brbo

Suris TvaliT uyurebs CvenisTanebs. amitom nuravis

gauwev angariSs da ganuxrelad misdie Sens gzas.

sokr ate dacinvas kidev ra uSavs, Cemo Zvirfaso evTif-

ron. me mgonia, aTenelebs naklebad adardebT, vis

Tvlian Tavisi saqmis mcodned, oRond ki es ukanaskneli

sxvebs ar axvevdes Tavze sakuTar codnas. magram Tu

Seatyves, rom cdilobs sxvebic daimgvanos, maSin, iqneb,

Seni Tqmisa ar iyos, – Suris, iqneb sul sxva mizezis gamo,

maT risxvas ver gada urCeba.

e vTifroni asea Tu ise, sulac ar menaRvleba, ras fiqro-

ben isini Cemze.

s okr at e iqneb imitom, rom, maTi azriT, iSviaTad Tu

sTavazob vinmes samsaxurs da ara gsurs, sxvebs gaando

eg Seni sibrZne. me ki meSinia, vaiTu, Cemi kacTmoyvareobis

gamo imnair kacad mimiCnion, enawylianad rom uziarebs

sxvebs yvelafers, rac icis da sanacvlod aramcTu ara-

b

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22

viTar sazRaurs ar iTxovs, piriqiT, TviTon gadaixdida

imis fass, rom vinmes enebebina da esmina misTvis8. amitom,

kvlav gimeoreb, neta, amjerad Cems dacinvas dasjerdnen,

iseve rogorc, Senive TqmiT, TviTonac dagcinian, da

siamovnebiT gavatarebdi dros samsjavroSi, Cems ybad

amRebTa da masxrad amgdebTa Soris. magram Tu isini

seriozulad udgebian sakiTxs, maSin Sennairi winaswarme-

tyvelis meti veravin gamoicnobs, riT damTavrdeba saqme.

e vTifroni SeiZleba araferic ar moxdes, sokrate; da

Sen iseve moigo Seni saqme, rogorc me, imedi maqvs, mov-

igeb Cemsas.

sokrate ki magram, mag Sens saqmeze ras metyvi, evTifron?

gaurbixar Tu sdevni vinmes?

e vTifroni vsdevni.

sokr ate mainc vis?

e vT ifron i imas, visi devnisTvisac SeiZleba Slegad

CamTvalon.

sokr ate rao, frena xom ar SeuZlia?

e vTifroni frenis Tavi sada aqvs bexreks?

sokr ate aRar metyvi, vin aris?

e vTifroni mamaCemi.

sokr ate mamaSeni, Cemo Zvirfaso?

e vTifroni is gaxlavs swored.

sokr ate ki magram, ra daaSava? an ras sdeb bralad?

e vTifroni kacis kvlas, sokrate.

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sokr ate o, herakle!9 brbos vin misca, evTifron, imisi

Tavi, rom Seni simarTle gaigos. me mgonia, am saqmis

marTlad gansjas ubiri ki ara, sibrZneSi danTqmuli

kaci Tu SeZlebs mxolod.

e vT ifro n i vficav zevss10, Rrmad danTqmuli, Cemo

sokrate.

sokrate mamaSens, albaT, Tqveni naTesavi Semoakvda, ara?

cxadia, ase unda iyos, radgan ucxos gulisTvis xom ar

uCivlebdi sakuTar mamas?

e vTifroni sasaciloa, sokrate, rom Sen arCev, ucxoa es

mokluli Tu naTesavi, da ara imas, hqonda Tu ara mkvlels

mokvlis neba? Tu hqonda, ra gaewyoba, Tavi unda anebo

mkvlels, Tu arada, sanacvlo unda miago, miuxedavad

imisa, Seni ojaxis wevria Tu Seni Tanameinaxe. erTnairi

sibilwea mis gverdiT cxovrebac, roca ici, rac Caidina,

da isic, rom sasamarTlos ar gadasce igi, raTa masTan

erTad Senc ganiwmindo. ise ki, mokluli Cemi moija-

radre iyo, da roca naqsosze11 vamuSavebdiT mamuls,

Cven gvemsaxureboda. Seqeifianebuli erT-erT msa xurs

waeCxuba da mokla. mama Cemma brZana, xel-fexi SeekraT mkv-

lelisaTvis da xaroSi CaegdoT; Semdeg ki aq gamogzavna

kaci, raTa misnisgan12 gaego, ra unda eyo misTvis. xelf-

exSekrulze zrunviT ki mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi Tavi

ar autkivebia, kacis mkvlelia da ras daveZeb, Tundac

mokvdeso. asedac moxda: ar vici, risi bralia, SimSilis,

sicivis Tu borkilebisa, magram sacodavma manamde mog-

Wama Wiri, sanam aq gamogzavnili kaci ukanve mobrunde-

boda. hoda, mamaCemica da danarCeni naTesavebic mrisxaven

imis gamo, rom kacismkvlelis gulisTvis mSobel mamas

brals vdeb imaSi, rac, maTi azriT, mamaCems ar Caudenia.

b

c

d

24

magram kidevac rom Caedina, – amboben isini, – maSinac ki

ar unda gamosarClebodi amnair kacs, vinaidan mokluli

TviTonve iyo mkvleli da, egec ar iyos, Svilis mxriv

mamis devna sibilwea da ukeTurobao. ase ukuRmarTad

esmiT, sokrate, ra miaCnia sarwmunoebas siwminded da

ra – sibilwed Tu ukeTurobad.

sokrate zevsis gulisaTvis, evTifron, nuTu ggonia, ise

zustad icnob sarwmunoebis raobas da siwmindisa Tu

ukeTurobis arss, rom ar geSinia, mamaSenisaTvis bralis

dadebiT Tavadac ukeTuroba ar Caidino?

e vT ifron i ra iqneboda Cemi fasi, sokrate, anda riT

ganirCeoda evTifroni brboisagan, zustad rom ar

icnobdes yovelive amas?

sokrate rogorc Cans, CemTvis yvelaze umjobesi iqneboda

Segirdad dagdgomodi, Cemo saocaro evTifron, raTa

meletosis mier aRZruli saqmis garCevamde SemeTavaze-

bina misTvis, ukanve waeRo Tavisi braldeba13. me vetyodi,

rom uwinac did mniSvnelobas vaniWebdi sarwmunoebis

sakiTxTa codnas, axla ki, roca is amtkicebs, rom me

TavqarianiviT viqcevi da Cemi siaxleebis danergviT

vcodav sarwmunoebis mimarT, – ukve Seni Segirdi gavxdi.

`da Tu Sen, meletos, – vetyodi mas, – aRiareb evTifro-

nis codnasa da misi msjelobis siswores am dargSi, maSin

isic unda aRiaro, rom mec marTebulad vmsjelob da

nuRar miCivi sasamarTloSi. Tu arada, Cemze umal am

Cems moZRvars uCivle, rogorc xnieri xalxis – Cemsa

da mamamisis gamxrwnels. Cemsas – Tavisi moZRvrebiT,

mamamisisas ki – Tavisi SegonebiTa da braldebiT~. xolo

Tu is ar merwmuneba da ukanve ar waiRebs Tavis bral-

debas, anda Tu Cem magivrad Sen ar dagdebs brals, maSin

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25

sasamarTlosac imasve movaxseneb, rasac TviTon mas

veubnebodi.

e vT ifron i vficav zevss, sokrate, mas rom amis gamo

eCivla CemTvis, vfiqrob, sul advilad vupovidi sust

adgils da sasamarTloSi umal misi saqme gairCeoda,

vidre Cemi.

sokrate eWvic ar mepareba, Cemo Zvirfaso megobaro, da,

ai, ratom minda Seni Segirdi gavxde, radganac mwams,

rom veravin, TviT meletosic ki, ver gabedavs Tvali

gagisworos, maSin, rodesac me ise Rrmad da ise advilad

Camxeda gulSi, rom mkrexelobac ki damabrala. axla ki,

zevsis gulisaTvis, miTxari is, rac Senive weRandeli

mtkicebiT, esoden kargad gesmis: rogor ggonia, ra

aris wminda da ra – ukeTuri rogorc mkvlelobisas, ise

yvela sxva SemTxvevaSi? gana siwminde yovelTvis erTi

da igive ar aris? anda ukeTuroba, romelic mTlianad

upirispirdeba siwmindes, aseve yvela SemTxvevaSi ara

hgavs sakuTar Tavs? da gana yovelive ukeTuri erTi da

igive ar aris Tavisi bunebiT, Tavisi arsiT?

e vTifroni rasakvirvelia, sokrate.

sokr at e maSin miTxari, ra aris, Seni azriT, wminda da

ra – ukeTuri?

e vTifroni me vamtkiceb, rom wmindaa is, rasac amJamad

Cavdivar. sul erTia, ras exeba saqme, – mkvlelobas,

mkrexelobas Tu sxva raime amgvars, siwminde isaa, rom

pasuxi agebino damnaSaves, mama iqneba is, deda Tu vinc

gnebavs sxva; xolo Tu pasuxs ar agebineb, me ukeTurobad

miviCnev amas. maS, daukvirdi, sokrate, raoden sarwmuno

sabuTs mogitan im azris sisworis dasturad, – ramden-

c

d

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26

jer miTqvams es sxvebisTvisac! – rom, saca samarTalia,

xels ar unda vafarebdeT damnaSaves, vinc unda iyos igi.

marTlacda, adamianebi xom RmerTTa Soris ukeTessa da

usamarTlianess uwodeben zevss, magram, imavdroulad,

aRiareben, rom man borkilebi daado mamamiss, romelic

ganukiTxavad nTqamda Tavis Svilebs; xolo am ukanasknel-

ma, Tavis mxriv, sxvagvari ganukiTxaobis sanacvlod kide-

vac daasaWurisa sakuTari mama14. me ki mrisxaven imis gamo,

rom usamarTlobis sazRaurad pasuxs vTxov mamaCems,

da, amrigad, TavianT Tavsve ewinaaRmdegebian, rakiRa

sxvadasxvanairad afaseben RmerTebis saqciels da Cemsas.

sokrate ki magram, evTifron, imitom xom ar mdeben brals,

rom ver vitan, roca ase melaparakebian RmerTebze. Sesa-

Zloa, zogierTma es marTlac danaSaulad CamiTvalos.

magram Tu Sen, sarwmunoebis sakiTxebSi esoden Rrmad

Caxeduli kaci, iziareb yovelive amas, meti ra gzaa, ise

gamodis, rom Cvenc unda gaviziaroT. anki ra gveTqmis,

roca am saqmisa araferi ar gagvegeba. magram, megobro-

bis RmerTis gulisTvis, erTi es miTxari, evTifron, Tu

gjera, rom yovelive es marTla ase moxda?15

e vTifroni ufro didi saocrebebic momxdara, sokrate,

razedac warmodgenac ara aqvs brbos.

sokrate maSasadame, Sen aRiareb, rom RmerTebs Soris mar-

Tlac xdeba brZolebi, saSinelebani, Setakebebi da sxva

misTanani, rasac gvauwyeben poetebi da riTac aWrele-

bulia Cveni didebuli mxatvrebis mier moxatuli wminda

sagnebi, iseve rogorc amnairi gamosaxulebebiT uxvad

Semkuli mosasxami, didi panaTenuri dResaswaulis dros

rom aaqvT akropolisze?16 yovelive amas WeSmaritebad

unda vTvlideT, Cemo evTifron?

6

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27

e vTifroni ara marto magas, sokrate; Tu gnebavs, rogorc

weRan geubnebodi, bevr sxva ramesac giambob RmerTebze,

da darwmunebuli var, gancvifrebuli darCebi Cemi

naambobiT.

sokrate eWvic ar mepareba; magram amas sxva dros miambob,

roca moclilebi viqnebiT. axla ki ecade ufro naTlad

mipasuxo Cems weRandel kiTxvaze. radgan Seni wina pasux-

iT sakmaod zustad ver amixseni, Cemo megobaro, ra aris

siwminde: mxolod is miTxari, rom siwminde isaa, rasac

amJamad sCadixar, ese igi, mkvlelobas abraleb mamaSens.

e vTifroni da marTalic giTxari, sokrate.

sokr ate SeiZleba; magram, evTifron, bevri sxva ramec

xom migaCnia siwminded?

e vTifroni ra Tqma unda.

sokr at e Tu gaxsovs, me imas ki ara gTxovdi, rom siw-

mindis uricxvi simravlidan oriode nimuSi mogetana

CemTvis, aramed imas, rom gangemarta siwmindis zogadi

arsi, romlis Tanaxmadac, wmindaa yovelive is, rac aris

wminda. radgan Sen TviTon ambobdi, rom yovelive wminda

da ukeTuri erTaderTi arsis Tanaxmadaa wminda da uke-

Turi. an iqneb ar gaxsovs?

e vTifroni cxadia, maxsovs.

sokrate maS, amixseni, mainc ra aris es arsi? minda yo vel-

Tvis Tvalwin medgas da sazomad viyenebde mas, raTa

SemeZlos vamtkico, rom gind Seni da gind sxvisi qceva

wmindaa, Tuki mas eTanxmeba, Tu arada, ar aris wminda.

e vTifroni Tuki ase Zalian ginda, axlave agixsni, sokrate.

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28

sokr ate rasakvirvelia, minda.

e vTifroni wmindaa is, rac RmerTebs moswonT, xolo is,

rac ar moswonT – ukeTuri.

sokrate didebulia, evTifron. axla ki zustad ise mipa-

suxe, rogorc me gTxovdi. marTalia, jer kidev ar vici,

sworia Tu ara Seni pasuxi, magram me Sen getyvi, gagi-

Wirdeba damimtkico misi siswore!

e vTifroni magis meti gasaWiri nu momca RmerTma.

sokr ate maS, modi, davufiqrdeT Cvens sityvebs. Rmer-

Tebis mosawoni saqme da RmerTebis mosawoni kaci wmind-

aa, xolo maTTvis saZulveli saqme Tu kaci – ukeTuri.

meores mxriv, wminda da ukeTuri erTi da igive ram ki

ar aris, aramed pirwmindad upirispir debian erTmaneTs.

asea, ara?

e vTifroni raRa Tqma unda.

sokr ate maS, sworad vmsjelobT?

e vTifroni me mgonia, sokrate, aki giTxari.

sokr ate magram Sen isic miTxari, evTifron, rom Rmer-

Tebi erTmaneTs ver eguebian, erTmaneTs mtroben da

ebrZvian. esec xom iTqva?

e vTifroni diax, iTqva.

sokr ate ki magram, ratom ver morigebulan RmerTebi,

ris gamo mtroben da ebrZvian erTimeores? modi, dav-

fiqrdeT. me da Sen rom ama Tu im raodenobis Taobaze

ver SevTanxmebodiT erTmaneTs, kerZod imaze, Tu rome-

lia ufro didi da romeli – mcire, rogor ggonia, am

7

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uTanxmoebis gamo gagulisebulni erTmaneTs gadavem-

terebodiT Tu dauyovnebliv daviwyebdiT gamoTvlas

da Tanxmobas mivaRwevdiT?

e vTifroni cxadia, mivaRwevdiT.

sokrate maSasadame, Tuki raime saganTa sididisa da sipa-

taravis Taobaze mogviwevda kamaTi, sakmarisi iqneboda

gagvezoma isini da sul male bolos movuRebdiT Cvens

davas?

e vTifroni diax.

sokr ate zustad aseve, me mgonia, Tuki simZimisa da sim-

subuqis garCevaze midgeboda saqme, sasworis meSveobiT

aqac advilad gamovnaxavdiT saerTo enas.

e vTifroni ueWvelad.

sokr at e ki magram, mainc ra aris is, risi zusti sazo-

mic ar gagvaCnia da ris Taobaze Cveni davac SeiZleba

guliswyromasa da erTmaneTis mtrobaSi gadai zardos?

iqneb agre haiharad verc mipasuxo, magram dafiqrdi, gana

marTali ar viqnebi Tu vityvi, rom esaa samarTliani da

usamarTlo, mSvenieri da ma xinji, keTili da boroti? gana

swored maTze davisas, roca araviTari zusti sazomi ar

mogveZebneba Cveni Sexedulebebis SesaTanxmeblad, erT-

maneTis mtrebi ar vxdebiT mec, Senca da yvela sxva kacic?

e vT ifron i swored egaa, sokrate, Cveni uTanxmoebis

mizezi.

sokrate mereda, RmerTebi, evTifron? Tuki maT Sorisac

Tavs iCens xolme uTanxmoeba, gana swored amis gamo ar

iCens?

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e vTifroni uTuod.

sokrate amrigad, Cemo Rirseulo evTifron, Seni Tqmisa

ar iyos, RmerTTagan zogs erTi ram miaCnia samarTli-

anad, mSvenierad, maxinjad, keTilad da borotad, zogs

ki – meore. amitomac, Tu daoben, mxolod amis gamo dao-

ben; asea, ara?

e vTifroni marTals brZaneb.

sokrate ase rom, TiToeul RmerTTagans swored is miaC-

nia mSvenierad da keTilad, rac moswons, xolo rac maT

upirispirdeba, sZuls?


sokrate maSasadame, Seni azriT, erTi da igive ram maTTvis

samarTlianicaa da usamarTloc; swored es sxvadasx-

vaobaa imis mizezi, rom isini edavebian da mtroben erT-

maneTs; asea, ara?

e vTifroni diax, asea.

sokr ate amrigad, rogorc Cans, erTi da igive ram Rmer-

Tebs SeiZleba uyvardeT da sZuldeT kidec; erTi da

igive ram sasiamovnoc iyos maTTvis da usiamovnoc.

e vTifroni egre gamodis.

sokr ate ese igi, Cveni msjelobis Tanaxmad, Cemo evTi-

fron, zogierTi ram erTdroulad wmindacaa da uke-

Turic.

e vTifroni rogorc irkveva.

sokrate maSasadame, Cemo saocaro, Sen jer kidev ar gagi-

cia pasuxi Cems kiTxvaze; vinaidan imas rodi gekiTxebodi,

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31

Tu erTsa da imave dros ra aris wmindac da ukeTuric.

axla ki irkveva, rom is, rac RmerTebs siamovnebs, SeiZle-

ba usiamovnoc iyos maTTvis. amrigad, nu gagikvirdeba,

Cemo evTifron, Tuki is, rasac axla sCadixar, raTa pasuxi

agebino mamaSens, SesaZloa, sasiamovnod daurCes zevss,

magram ar esiamovnos kronoss da uranoss, an sasiamovno

iyos hefestosaTvis17, xolo herasaTvis18 – usiamovno;

da zustad igive iTqmis sxva RmerTebis mimarTac, Tuki

isini erTmaneTs ar eTanxmebian am sakiTxSi.

e vTifroni magram, Cemis azriT, sokrate, SeuZlebelia

RmerTebs Soris uTanxmoeba Camovardes im sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT, rom pasuxi unda moeTxovos usamarTlo

mkvlels.

sokrate mere ra, evTifron? gana kacTa Soris ki sadavod

gauxdia vinmes, rom pasuxi unda moeTxovos kacis usa-

marTlod mkvlelsa Tu sxva ram usamarTlobis Camdens?

e vTifroni amaze dava ar moiSleba, arc sxvagan da, miT

umetes, arc samsjavroebSi, vinaidan TviT pirwavard-

nili damnaSavenic ki ras ar amboben da ras ar sCadian,

oRond ki Tavi daaRwion sasjels.

sokrate . ki magram, evTifron, nuTu aRiareben danaSauls?

aRiarebis Semdeg ki acxadeben, rom ar imsa xureben

sasjels?

e vTifroni ara, magisi ki ra mogaxseno.

sokr at e maSasadame, yvelafers rodi amboben da yve-

lafers rodi sCadian. Cemis azriT, isini ver gabedaven

imis Tqmas, rom, TumcaRa damnaSaveni arian, mainc ar

imsaxureben sasjels; aramed mxolod TavianTi udana-

Saulobis damtkiceba surT; asea, ara?

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sokr ate amrigad, imaze ki ar daoben, rom damnaSaveni ar

unda daisajon, aramed mxolod imaze, marTla damna-

Saveni arian Tu ara, da rodis ra daaSaves.

e vTifroni amasac marTals brZaneb.

sokrate ki magram, gana igive ar iTqmis RmerTebis mimarT,

Tuki, Senive sityviT, isini marTlac daoben imaze, Tu ra

aris samarTliani da ra – usamarTlo? da gana erTni ar

amtkiceben, meoreni usamarTlod gveqceviano, meoreni

ki ar uaryofen amas? xom cxadia, Cemo saocaro, rom

veravin, RmerTi iqneba is Tu kaci, ver gabedavs imis

mtkicebas, rom damnaSave ar unda daisajos.

e vT ifroni marTali xar, Cemo sokrate, yovel SemTx-

vevaSi, zogadad mainc.

sokrate nurc kerZos gamoricxav, evTifron, vinaidan, roca

daoben, adamianebica da RmerTebic raRac kerZos gamo

daoben, Tuki RmerTebi marTla daoben erTmaneTs Soris.

erTni amboben, rom esa da es saqme samarTliania, meoreni

ki usamarTlod miiCneven mas; an, iqneba, ar aris ase?

e vTifroni raRa Tqma unda.

sokrate maS, axla mec amixseni, Cemo Zvirfaso evTifron,

egeba Wkua momematos: ra sabuTi mogeZebneba imis das-

turad, rom yvela RmerTi usamarTlobad miiCnevs im

kacis sikvdils, romelic Tqveni moija radre iyo, mere

ki kacismkvleli gaxda, risTvisac borkilebi daado

moklulis batonma da amis Sedegad TviTonac mokvda

manam, sanamdis borkilebis damdebi Seityobda misnebi-

sagan, Tu ra unda eyo misTvis? anda riT damimtkiceb,

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TiTqos yvela RmerTi iwonebs imas, rom Svili mkvlelo-

bas abralebs da samarTalSi aZlevs sakuTar mamas? ecade

warmomidgino imis sarwmuno sabuTi, rom uklebliv

yvela RmerTi marTebulad miiCnevs amnair saqciels; da

Tu SesZleb warmomidgino, mTeli sicocxlis manZilze

Seni sibrZnis maqebari viqnebi.

e vTifroni sakmaod Zneli saqmea; da mainc, me SemiZlia

sruli sicxadiT dagimtkico es.

sokr ate axla ki mesmis, rom msajulebze ufro goneba-

Clungi ggonivar, vinaidan maT, albaT, advilad daumt-

kiceb, rom mamaSenis saqcieli usamarTloa da, maSasa-

dame, RmerTebisaTvis saZulvelic.

e vT ifroni ra Tqma unda, davumtkiceb, Cemo sokrate,

Tuki keTilinebeben da momismenen.

sokr ate rasakvirvelia, mogismenen, Tuki yuradRebis

Rirsad miiCnies Seni sityvebi. magram, ai, ra azri momi-

vida TavSi, vidre Sens pasuxs vismendi, da raze vfiqrob:

davuSvaT da evTifronma marTlac damajereblad

damimtkica, rom yvela RmerTs usamarTlobad miaCnia

es mkvleloba; mereda, gana evTifronis wyalobiT ukeT

gavigeb, ra aris wminda da ra – ukeTuri? davuSvaT, rom

es saqme saZulvelia yvela RmerTisTvis; magram Cven xom

es-esaa gavarkvieT, rom amiT rodi ganisazRvreba wminda

da ukeTuri, radgan is, rac RmerTebisaTvis saZulve-

lia, SeiZ leba sasurvelic iyos maTTvis. amitomac

gaTavisufleb, evTifron, Semdgomi mtkicebisagan. Tu

gnebavs, davuSvaT, rom yvela RmerTs usamarTlod da

saZulvelad uCans es saqme. magram Semdegnairad xom

ar SevasworoT Cveni msjeloba: ukeTuria is, rac arc

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erT RmerTs ar moswons, is ki, rac yvela RmerTs mos-

wons – wminda; xolo is, rac zogierT RmerTs uyvars da

zogierTs sZuls, an arc erTia da arc meore, an orivea

erTad. Tanaxma xar Tu ara, rom ase ganvsazRvroT uke-

Turi da wminda?

e vTifroni viTom ra gviSlis xels, sokrate?

sokrate me – araferi, magram Senze ifiqre, evTifron: Tu

am gansazRvras aRiareb, gana ase advilad amixsni imas,

rasac dampirdi?

e vT ifron i diax, me Tanaxma var wmindad vaRiaro is,

rac yvela RmerTs uyvars, xolo is, rac yvela RmerTs

sZuls, – ukeTurad.

sokrate ra vqnaT, evTifron, ganvixiloT ramdenad marTe-

bulia Cveni gansazRvra Tu moveSvaT mas da zustad aseve

moviqceT rogorc Cveni, ise sxvisi msjelobis mimarT,

ese igi, uyoymanod vaRiaroT da gaviziaroT yvelaferi,

vinc ras gvetyvis? Tu, piriqiT, unda avwon-davwonoT

is, rasac gveubnebian?

e vT ifron i unda avwon-davwonoT; magram rac Seexeba

Cvens gansazRvras, vfiqrob, kargad iTqva, rac iTqva.

sokrate axlave ukeT gamoCndeba, Cemo keTilo. erTi ama-

sac daukvirdi: wminda imitomaa wminda, rom RmerTebs

uyvarT, Tu, piriqiT, imitom uyvarT, rom wmindaa?

e vTifroni ar mesmis, ras ambob, sokrate.

sokr ate vecdebi ufro garkveviT giTxra. Cven vambobT:

aRebuli da amRebi, wayvanili da wamyvani, danaxuli

da damnaxveli. gesmis Tu ara, rom yvela es sityva gan-

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sxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan? anda Tu xvdebi, raSi mdgo-

mareobs es gansxvaveba?

e vTifroni me mgonia, vxvdebi.

sokr ate maSasadame, sayvarelic gansxvavdeba moyvaru-

lisagan?


sokr ate maSin miTxari, aRebuli imitomaa aRebuli, rom

is aiRes, Tu sxva ramis gamo?

e vTifroni ara, imitom, rom aiRes.

s ok r a t e xolo wayvanili imitomaa wayvanili, rom

waiyvanes da danaxuli – imitom, rom dainaxes?

e vTifroni rasakvirvelia.

sokrate maSasadame, sagans imitom ki ar xedaven, rom is dana-

xulia, aramed piriqiT, imitomaa danaxuli, rom mas xedaven;

zustad aseve, imitom ki ar mihyavT rame, rom is wayvanilia,

aramed imitomaa wayvanili, rom mihyavT; arc rames iReben

imitom, rom is aRebulia, aramed imitomaa aRebuli, rom

aRebul iqna. xom gesmis, evTifron, risi Tqma msurs? me

minda giTxra, rom roca raime iqmneba an ganicdeba, imitom

ki ar iqmneba, rom is qmnadia, aramed imitomaa qmnadi, rom

iqmneba, iseve rogorc vinme imitom ki ar ganicdis rasme,

rom is ganmcdelia, aramed imitomaa ganmcdeli, rom raRa-

cas ganicdis. an, iqneba, ar meTanxmebi?

e vTifroni cxadia, geTanxmebi.

sokr ate ki magram, gana sayvarelic viRacis mier ar gan-

icdeba?

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sokr ate maSasadame, am SemTxvevaSic igive iTqmis; sayva-

reli imitom ki ar uyvarT, rom is sayvarelia, aramed

imitomaa sayvareli, rom uyvarT.

e vTifroni uTuod.

sokrate mereda, ras vityviT, ra aris wminda, evTifron,

Tu ara is, rac, Senive TqmiT, yvela RmerTs uyvars?

e vTifroni diax.

sokr ate ki magram, ratom uyvarT? imitom, rom wmindaa

Tu sxva ram mizezis gamo?

e vTifroni ara, imitom, rom wmindaa.

sokr ate ese igi, wminda imitom uyvarT, rom wmindaa, da

imitom rodia wminda, rom uyvarT?

e vTifroni rogorc Cans.

sokr ate magram, meores mxriv, is, rac sayvarelia Rmer-

TebisaTvis, gana mxolod imitom araa sayvareli, rom

RmerTebs uyvarT?

e vTifroni ueWvelad.

sokrate ase rom, Senive Tqmisa ar iyos, is, rac RmerTebs

uyvarT, ar aris wminda, da arc wmindaa is, rac RmerTebs

uyvarT, aramed gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan.

e vTifroni rogor, sokrate?

sokr ate rogor da ise, rom, Cveni SeTanxmebis mixedviT,

wminda imitom uyvarT, rom wmindaa, da imitom rodia

wminda, rom uyvarT; asea, ara?

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e vTifroni diax.

sokrate maSin, rodesac RmerTebisaTvis sayvareli mxo-

lod imitomaa sayvareli, rom RmerTebs uyvarT da ara

piriqiT, imitom rodi uyvarT, rom TavisTavadaa say-

vareli.


sokr at e ki magram, Cemo Zvirfaso evTifron, RmerTe-

bisaTvis sayvareli da wminda rom erTi da igive ram

iyos, maSin, raki wminda imitom uyvarT, rom is wmindaa, –

gamovidoda, rom RmerTebisaTvis sayvarelic imitom

uyvarT, rom is TavisTavad sayvarelia. meores mxriv,

raki RmerTebisaTvis sayvareli imitomaa sayvareli,

rom RmerTebs uyvarT, wmindac imitom iqneboda wminda,

rom RmerTebisTvis sayvarelia. axla xom xedav, rom es

ori ram pirwmindad gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan: erTi

mxolod imitomaa sayvareli, rom RmerTebs uyvarT,

meore ki imitom uyvarT, rom TavisTavadaa sayvareli.

ase rom, Cemo evTifron, rodesac gTxove gangesazRvra,

ra aris wminda, Sen, rogorc Cans, ar isurve misi namd-

vili arsi geCvenebina CemTvis da mxolod mis SemTxveviT

niSanze mimiTiTe, kerZod, miTxari – wmindis Tviseba is

aris, rom yvela RmerTs uyvarso, mis arsze ki araferi

giTqvams. amitom, Tu ar gezareba, nurafers damimalav.

kvlav davubrundeT Cvens kiTxvas da Tavdapirvelad

amixseni, ra aris wminda, magram ise, rom nuRar viZiebT –

sayvarelia RmerTebisaTvis Tu kidev sxva ram Tviseba

aqvs? amaze nuRar vida vebT. maS, gulaxdilad miTxari,

ra aris wminda da ra – ukeTuri?

e vT ifron i marTali giTxra, aRarc ki vici, rogor

gamovxato Cemi azri, sokrate; radganac Cven mier wamoy-

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enebuli yvela debuleba iryeva da im adgilze veRara

rCeba, romelic Cven mivuCineT.

sokrate rogorc Cans, yvelaferi, rasac aqamde ambobdi,

evTifron, Cems winapar dedaloss19 uTqvams; me rom wamo-

meyenebina es debulebebi, uTuod masxrad amigdebdi

da ityodi, rom amnairi naTesaobis gamo Cemi sityvieri

qmnilebebic iryevian da im ad gilze veRara rCebian,

romelic me mivuCine. magram raki isini Sen gekuTvnian,

amitom sxvanairi xumroba gvmarTebs, vinaidan, xom xedav,

rom eg Seni de bulebebi TavianT adgils veRar pouloben.

e vTifroni me ki mgonia, sokrate, rom am debulebebTan

dakavSirebiT sxvanairi xumrobis Zebna ar dagvWir deba,

vinaidan me ki ar mivaniWe is meryeoba, ris gamoc isini

TavianT adgilas ver Cerdebian, aramed swored Sen mimaC-

nixar dedalosad, – maTi meryeobis namdvil mizezad.

radganac Cemze rom yofiliyo damokidebuli, isini uZra-

vad darCebodnen TavianT adgilas.

s ok r at e Tu asea, Cemo megobaro, dedalosze didi

xe lovani vyofilvar da egaa; vinaidan is mxolod

sakuTar qmnilebebs aniWebda moZraobis unars, me ki

ara marto Cemsas, aramed, rogorc irkveva, sxvisasac.

magram am Cems xelovnebaSi yvelaze saocari mainc isaa,

rom me Cemda uneburad vemsaxurebi mas. vinaidan, Cemi

neba rom yofiliyo, dedalosis xelovnebasa da tanta-

losis20 saunjes, erTad aRebuls, vamjobinebdi imas,

rom uryevad damedgina da damefuZnebina Cemi debule-

bebi. magram moveSvaT amas. da raki Sen, rogorc Cans,

Tavis Sewuxeba ar gsurs, amitom mxarSi amogidgebi, raTa

amrigad maswavlo, ra aris wminda. magram winaswar nu

daecemi suliT, aramed daukvirdi, aucileblad migaCnia

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Tu ara, rom yovelive is, rac wmindaa, imavdroulad,

samarTlianic unda iyos?

e vTifroni diax, mimaCnia.

sokrate ki magram, yovelive is, rac samarTliania, nuTu

wmindacaa? an, iqneb, yovelive wminda rom migaCnia samar-

Tlianad, imave dros, yovelive samarTlians ki ara Tvli

wmindad, aramed mxolod zogierTs, zogierTs ki ara?

e vTifroni ra vqna, sokrate, rom ar SemiZlia mivsdio

Sens azrs.

sokr ate ki magram, Sen xom Cemze umcrosi xar da, Tanac,

imdenadve damivardebi asakiT, ramdenadac maWarbeb

sibrZniT. magram, rogorc weRan geubnebodi, Tavis

Sewuxeba ara gsurs, mxolod imitom, rom aRar ici, sad

waiRo eg Seni sibrZne. maS, Tavs Zala daatane, Cemo neta-

ro! Cemi sityvebis gagebas ra unda? vinaidan mxolod

imis sapirispiros vamtkiceb, rasac gveubneba poeti21:

`albaT, imitom ar axseneb zevss, yovlis Semqmnels,

rom SiSs yovelTvis Tan sdevs sircxvili~.

me ar veTanxmebi am poets. giTxra, ratom?

e vTifroni miTxari, geTayva.

sokr ate me ara mgonia, rom `SiSs yovelTvis Tan sdevs

sircxvili~. Cemis azriT, bevrs eSinia avadmyofobis,

siRaribis da mravali sxva msgavsi ramisac, magram, Tum-

caRa eSinia, yovel SemTxvevaSi, ara rcxvenia imisi, risac

eSinia. Sen raRas ityvi?

e vTifroni diax, agrea.

sokr ate me Tu mkiTxav, piriqiT, `sircxvils yovelTvis

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Tana sdevs SiSi~. marTlacda, gana SeiZleba kacs raRa-

cisa rcxvenodes da imavdroulad ar eSinodes, saxeli

gamitydebao?

e vTifroni SeuZlebelia, ar eSinodes.

sokr ate maSasadame, scdeba, vinc ambobs, rom `SiSs yov-

elTvis Tan sdevs sircxvili~. piriqiT, `sircxvils yov-

elTvis Tana sdevs SiSi~, radganac ar SeiZleba iTqvas,

rom sadac SiSia, iqvea sircxvilic. marTlacda, SiSi

ufro farTo cnebaa, vidre sircxvili, vinaidan sircx-

vili mxolod SiSis nawilad gvevlineba, iseve rogorc

kenti mxolod nawilia mTeli ricxvisa, ase rom, rode-

sac amboben ricxvio, es jer kidev ar niSnavs imas, rom

is kentia, maSin rodesac kenti usaTuod gulisxmobs

ricxvs. axla mainc xom momsdev?

e vTifroni fexdafex.

sokr at e adrec amasve gekiTxebodi; mindoda gamego,

samarTliani imavdroulad wmindac aris? Tu wminda

yovelTvis samarTliania, magram samarTliani yo velTvis

rodia wminda, rakiRa wminda mxolod nawilia samar-

Tlianisa? meTanxmebi Tu sxvagvarad fiqrob?

e vTifroni ara, geTanxmebi; Cemis azriT, marTali unda iyo.

sokr ate maS, daukvirdi, ra gamodis aqedan. Tu wminda

mxolod nawilia samarTlianisa, rogorc Cans, unda

gavarkvioT, samarTlianis mainc ra nawilia igi. zustad

aseve, Sen rom gekiTxa zemoxsenebul ricxvTan dakav-

SirebiT: ricxvis ra nawilia luwio, me getyodi – iseTi

nawili, romelic or uTanabro ki ara, Tanabar nawilad

iyofa-meTqi. asea, ara?

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e vTifroni diax.

sokr at e maS, Seni mxriv, ecade amixsna, samarTlianis

ra nawilia wminda, raTa mas Semdeg, rac amomwuravad

gavigeb Sengan, ra aris wminda da ra ara, imis saSualeba

aRar mivce meletoss, rom cili damwamos da uRmerToba

damabralos.

e vTifroni Cemis azriT, sokrate, wminda da RvTisnieri

samarTlianis is nawilia, romelic RvTismsaxurebas

ukavSirdeba. samarTlianis danarCeni nawili ki iqneba

is, rac adamianTa urTierTobaSi vlindeba.

sokrate rogorc Cans, marTals ambob, evTifron; magram

cota ram mainc maklia: kargad ar mesmis, ras uwodeb

msaxurebas. Sen, albaT, ar migaCnia, rom RvTismsaxureba

igivea, rac msaxureba yvela sxva ramis mimarT. ase mag-

aliTad, Cven xom vambobT, rom yvelas ki ar SeuZlia moem-

saxuros cxenebs, aramed mxolod mejinibes. asea, ara?


sokr at e maSasadame, cxenebis momsaxureba mejinibis

saqmea, ara?

e vTifroni diax.

sokr ate verc ZaRlebs moemsaxureba da mouvlis yvela,

meZaRlis garda.

e vTifroni vera.

s ok r at e ase rom, ZaRlebis momsaxureba da movla-

patronoba meZaRlis saqmea, ara?

e vTifroni diax.

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sokr ate iseve, rogorc jogis – mejogisa?


sokrate xolo RvTisniereba da siwminde RvTismsa xurebis

saqmea; xom asea, evTifron?

e vTifroni swored asea.

sokr ate magram, yovelgvari msaxurebis mizani xom isaa,

rom raime argos da sasikeTod waadges imas, rasac emsax-

ureba. ase magaliTad, cxenebi, romlebsac emsaxureba

mejinibe, misi xelobis wyalobiT sargeblobas iReben

da ufro ukeTesni xdebian, ara?

e vTifroni diax.

sokr ate igive iTqmis ZaRlebze, romlebsac emsaxureba

meZaRle, jogze, romelsac emsaxureba mejoge da yvela

sxva danarCenzedac. an, iqneb, ggonia, rom msaxureba

mavnea imisTvis, rasac is emsaxureba?

e vTifroni ara, RmerTmani, ara mgonia.

sokr ate ese igi, sasargebloa?


sokrate maSasadame, siwmindec, romlis mizani RmerTebis

samsaxuria, sasargeblo da sasikeToa RmerTebisaTvis?

iqneb, meTanxmebi, rom, rodesac ama Tu im wminda saqmes

asruleb, amiT ukeTess xdi romeliRac RmerTs?

e vTifroni ara, vficav zevss, ar geTanxmebi.

sokr ate arc me mgonia, evTifron, rom Sen ase fiqrob.

RmerTma damifaros. kiTxviTac imitom gkiTxe, ranair

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RvTismsaxurebas gulisxmob-meTqi, rom veras didebiT

ver davijereb, TiTqos amnairs gulisxmobde.

e vTifroni marTals ambob, sokrate; aramc da aramc ar

vgulisxmob amnair RvTismsaxurebas.

sokrate keTili da patiosani; magram maSin ranair RvTis-

msaxurebad unda miviCnioT siwminde?

e vTifroni imnairad, Cemo sokrate, ranairadac monebi

emsaxurebian batonebs.

sokr ate gasagebia; rogorc Cans, siwminde sxva ara aris

ra, Tu ara erTgvari mosamsaxureoba RmerTebis mimarT.


sokr at e ki magram, saeqimo xelovnebis msaxurTaTvis

ras ityvi? ras isaxavs miznad maTi xelovneba, Tu ara

janmrTelobas?

e vTifroni sxvas arafers.

sokr ate xolo gemTmSeneblobis msaxurTa xelovneba?

e vTifroni rasakvirvelia, gemebis mSeneblobas.

sokr at e xuroTmoZRvrebis msaxurTa xelovneba ki –

saxlebis mSeneblobas, ara?

e vTifroni diax.

sokrate maSin amazec mipasuxe, Cemo Zvirfaso: ra mizans

isaxavs RvTismsaxureba, an ras argia igi RmerTebs? Sen,

ra Tqma unda, gecodineba es, rakiRa, rogorc Tavad

amtkiceb, kacTa Soris yvelaze ukeT icnob imas, rac

exeba RmerTebs.

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e vTifroni da marTalsac vamtkiceb, sokrate.

sokrate hoda, miTxari, zevsis gulisTvis: mainc ra aris

is diadi saqme, romelsac RmerTebi asruleben Cveni

samsaxuris wyalobiT?

e vTifroni ki magram, ramden didebul saqmes asruleben

isini, sokrate?

sokr ate igive iTqmis mxedarTmTavrebzedac, Cemo Zvir-

faso, magram Sen uyoymanod metyodi – maTi mTavari

saqme brZolis velze gamarjvebis mopovebaao; asea, ara?


sokr at e bevr didebul saqmes akeTeben, Cemis azriT,

miwaTmoqmednic, magram maTi mTavari saqme mainc sarCo-

sabadeblis moyvana gaxlavs.

e vTifroni rasakvirvelia.

s okr at e mereda, im diad saqmeTa Soris, romelTac

asruleben RmerTebi, mainc romelia mTavari?

e vTifroni aki am cota xnis winaTac giTxari, sokrate,

rom Zalze Znelia dawvrilebiT agixsna yovelive es.

magram, ai, ras getyvi martivad: sityviT Tu saqmiT,

locva-vedrebiTa Tu msxverplSewirviT aamo RmerTebs –

swored es aris siwminde, sakuTari saxlisa Tu saxelmwi-

fos mxsneli; xolo rac mas upirispirdeba ukeTurebaa,

Zirfesvianad rom angrevs da musravs yvelafers.

sokrate marTlacda, evTifron, rom mogesurvebina, ufro

mokledac mipasuxebdi am Cems kiTxvaze. magram, cxadia,

ar gsurs gamanaTlo. ai, axlac, sakiTxis arss mivadeqiT

14

b

c

45

Tu ara, Sen Tavi aaride pirdapir pasuxs, riTac SegeZlo

damajereblad agexsna CemTvis, ra aris siwminde. maS,

meti ra gza maqvs, – rakiRa SemkiTxveli iZulebulia

ukan misdevdes imas, visac ekiTxeba, miuxedavad imisa, Tu

saiT mihyavs am ukanasknels, – kvlav unda gkiTxo: mainc

ra migaCnia wmindad da siwminded? msxverplSewirvisa

da locva-vedrebis xelovneba xom ara?

e vTifroni diax, swored eg.

sokr ate magram msxverplSewirva xom RmerTebisaTvis

raRacis ZRvnaa, locva-vedreba ki – Txovna?

e vTifroni ra Tqma unda, sokrate.

sokr ate maSasadame, Seni azriT, siwminde sxva ara aris

ra, Tu ara imis xelovneba, rom raRaca misce an sTxovo

RmerTebs?

e vTifroni ra kargad gamige, sokrate.

sokr ate imitom, Cemo Zvirfaso, rom daxarbebuli var

Sens sibrZnes da gafacicebuli vcdilob erTi Seni

sityvac ar gamomeparos. magram miTxari, mainc ra aris

msaxureba RmerTebis mimarT? nuTu, rogorc Sen ambob,

is, rom raRaca misce an sTxovo maT?


sokr ate ki magram, risi Txovna iqneboda marTebuli, ra

unda gveTxova maTTvis, Tu ara is, rac gvWirdeba?

e vTifroni aba, sxva ra?

sokrate xolo meores mxriv, ra iqneboda marTebuli, ra

unda migveca RmerTebisaTvis, Tu ara is, rac maT sWird-

d

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46

eba Cvengan? radgan rodesac viRacas raRacas aZlev, ra

fasi eqneboda imis micemas, rac mas ar sWirdeba?

e vTifroni marTali xar, sokrate.

sokrate gamodis, rom siwminde RmerTTa da kacTa Soris

erTgvari aReb-micemoba yofila, evTifron.

e vT ifron i diax, aReb-micemobaa, Tuki maincdamainc

amnairi gansazRvra mogwons.

sokrate ra momawonebs, Tuki swori ar aris. magram miTx-

ari, ras argia RmerTebs is ZRveni, romelsac Cvengan iRe-

ben? ras gvargia maTi saboZvari, yvelasaTvis naTelia:

mTeli Cveni sikeTe xom mxolod maTi naboZvaria. magram

ras argia maT Cveni ZRveni? nuTu aReb-micemobis niWiT

vjobivarT, rakiRa yvelafers viRebT maTgan, isini ki

Cvengan – arafers?

e vTifroni rao, sokrate, iqneb fiqrob, rom RmerTebs

marTlac raRacaSi argia is, rasac Cven vuZRvniT?

s okr at e uamisod, evTifron, ras aqneven isini Cvens

ZRvens?

e vTifroni ki magram, rogor ggonia, sxva ra unda iyos es

ZRveni, Tu ara Cveni pativiscemisa da mowiwebis gamoxat-

uleba, an kidev, rogorc weRan geubnebodi, imis das-

turi, rom gvsurs raRaca vaamoT maT?

sokrate maSasadame, wminda is aris, evTifron, rac sasia-

movnoa RmerTebisaTvis, da ara is, rac sasargeblo an

sayvarelia maTTvis?

e vT ifron i Cemis azriT, is, rac yvelaze metad sia-

movnebT, yvelaze sayvarelicaa maTTvis.

15

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47

sokr ate ase rom, rogorc irkveva, wmindaa is, rac sayva-

relia RmerTebisaTvis?


sokrate amas meubnebi da mainc gikvirs, rom Seni sityvebi

myari ki ara, meryevni Canan da bralad mdeb, TiTqos

dedalosiviT swored me var amis mizezi, maSin, rode-

sac sinamdvileSi TviTon Sena xar dedalosze didi

xelovani, swored Sen abruneb da winaukmo atrialeb

maT. nuTu ver amCnev, rom Cvenma msjelobam sruli wre

Semoxaza da imave wertils daubrunda, saidanac dai-

wyo? Sen, albaT, ar dagviwynia, rom cota xnis winaT

wminda da RmerTebisaTvis sayvareli erTi da igive ki

ara, erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebul cnebebad miviCnieT.

an, iqneb, ar gaxsovs?

e vTifroni cxadia, maxsovs.

sokr ate axla ki ver xvdebi, ras ambob: wmindaa is, rac

RmerTebisTvis sayvareliao? mereda, ra aris Rmer-

TebisaTvis sayvareli, Tu ara is, rac RmerTebs uyvarT?


sokr ate maSasadame, orSi erTia: an weRan mivsulvarT

mcdar daskvnamde, an, Tu weRandeli daskvna sworia,

axla vcdebiT.

e vTifroni rogorc Cans.

sokr ate amrigad, Tavidan unda daviwyoT imis kvleva,

Tu ra aris wminda. me, Cemda Tavad, manam ar moveSvebi

am sakiTxis kvleva-Ziebas, sanam bolomde ar Sevicnob

mas, mxolod Sen nu CamTvli amnairi codnis uRirsad,

c

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48

aramed Tavs Zala daatane da axla mainc miTxari simar-

Tle. radgan kacTa Soris yvelaze ukeT Sen icnob mas,

da me manamde ar mogeSvebi, rogorc protevss22, sanam

yvelafers ar gaTqmevineb. marTlacda, gana SeiZleba

davuSvaT, rom, Tuki ar ici, ra aris wminda da ra – uke-

Turi, ase xelaRebiT dasdebdi bralad kacis kvlas da

samarTalSi miscemdi moxuc mamas viRac moijaradris

gulisTvis? an RmerTebis risxva SegakrTobda, Tuki

darwmunebuli ar iqnebodi, rom swored iqcevi, an, Tavi

rom ar Segercxvina, kacTa azrs mainc gauwevdi anga-

riSs. amitom eWvic ar mepareba imaSi, rom, Seni azriT,

amomwuravad ici, ra aris wminda da ra – ukeTuri. maS,

mec miTxari, Cemo didebulo evTifron, nu damimalav

Sens codnas.

e vTifroni sxva dros, sokrate; axla ki meCqareba, unda

wavide.

sokrate ras miSvrebi, Zmobilo, mRupav? arada, ra imedi

mqonda, rom Seni SemweobiT gavigebdi, ra aris wminda

da ra – ara, da amrigad, Tavs davixsnidi meletosis

braldebisagan; diax, me davumtkicebdi mas, rom evTi-

fronis wyalobiT ukve SeviZine saRmrTo codna, da

rom umecrebis gamo aRar SeiZleba ganusjelad viqce-

ode an sarwmunoebis ganaxlebas vcdilobde; yvelaze

metad ki mainc imis imedi mqonda, rom ufro Rirseulad

vicxovrebdi amieridan.

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platoni 1

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