Platina Your insurance against cracking of cherry

Composition

Foliar fertilizer (nitrogen N) based on tryptophan, a plant specific amino acid

Different from other amino acid fertilizers

Single amino acid (no chain)

Very small molecule

Very fast uptake

Only tryptophan (50 g/l)

N

CH2 CH

NH2

COOH

H

Different formulations !

Platina 50 : standard 50 g/l

Platina 33 : Netherlands 33 g/l

Platina 75 : Spain 75 g/l

Doses in this document Platina 50 !

Conversion factors

1,0 l/ha Platina 50 = 1,5 l/ha Platina 33

1,0 l/ha Platina 50 = 0,67 l/ha Platina 75

Reduction of cracking of cherries

Background cracking of cherry

Why do cherries crack ?

Osmosis and root pressure

Platina acts against both !

The peel of a cherry is comparable to a balloon

From the beginning of color change (approx. 1 month before harvest) the fruit gets bigger and the peel thinner and thinner

The higher the elasticity, the less cracked cherries

Cell elongation

Increase of the elasticity of the fruit peel

Reduction of cracking of cherries

Platina

Mode of action Platina

Use of Platina on cherry

Dose: 1,0 to 1,5 l/ha standard orchard

Early application thicker peel 1,5 l/ha

Late application thinner peel 1,0 l/ha

Only when rain is forecasted

Early cracking varieties: start treatments from the beginning of color change (approx. 20 days before harvest), max. 3 treatments

Late cracking varieties : treat ± 10 days before harvest, repeat 1x in case of a lot of rainfall

Influence on cracking

MVG = Ministry of the Flemish Community

PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2002 MVGSchneiders 2 x 1 l/ha

2003 MVGBr.Bigareau 3 x 1 l/ha

2003 PCF-PPSSweetheart 2 x 1 l/ha

Control Platina

Influence on cracking

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2004 PCF-PPSSylvia

2 x 1 l/ha

2004 MVGLapins

3 x 1 l/ha

2004 MVGSunburst2 x 1 l/ha

2004 MVGSweetheart

1 x 1 l/ha

2004 MVGSweetheart1 x 1,5 l/ha

2004 MVGSweetheart

1 x 2 l/ha

Control Platina

MVG = Ministry of the Flemish Community

PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit

Promoting the maturation of cherries

Because of the bigger fruit size, the chance of cracking increases

Treatments with Platina should be repeated till harvest!

Treated cherries should be harvested earlier!

Multiple treatments with Platina lead to early maturation

Influence on maturation

The cherries are bigger and have more sugars

Influence on fruit size

10,9

9,4

11,2

9,8

8,5

9

9,5

10

10,5

11

11,5

2003 PCF-PPSSweetheart 2 x 1 l/ha

2004 PCF-PPSSylvia 2 x 1 l/ha

Control Platina

PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit

Influence on sugar content

17,1 17,7

15,1

17,4

18,5

15,8

14

15

16

17

18

19

2003 PCF-PPSSweetheart 2 x 1 l/ha

2005 PCF-PPSSweetheart 2 x 1,5 l/ha

2005 PCF-PPSSchneiders 3 x 1,5 l/ha

Control Platina

PCF-PPS = pcfruit - Proeftuin Pit- en Steenfruit

Trial results

Variety : Fertille

Platina : 4 x 1,5 l/ha

Platina France 2009

La SEFRA

64,9 72,1

22 17,1

13,1 10,8

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Control Platina

% Cracked - unmarketable

Cracked - marketable

Class I fruit

Variety : Fertille

Platina : 4 x 1,5 l/ha

Platina France 2009

12,2

17,5

12,9

18,3

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Fruit weight (g) Sugar content (°brix)

Control Platina

La SEFRA

Variety : Germersdorfi orias

Treatment dates Platina : 03/06 - 10/06

Harvest : 17/06

Platina Hungary 2009

Agricultural Office of Budapest and Pest County

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35mm °C

Rainfall (mm) Tmax (°C)

Variety : Germersdorfi orias

Treatment dates Platina : 03/06 - 10/06

Harvest : 17/06

Platina Hungary 2009

Agricultural Office of Budapest and Pest County

0

1

2

3

4

Control Platina 2 x 1,0 l/ha Platina 2 x 1,5 l/ha

Better to apply 1,5 l/ha for the early application(s), certainly when a lot of rain is forecasted

Platina Spain 2009

Only limited effect of Platina on cracking Hardly any rain in the weeks before harvest 12 days between the last treatment and harvest = too long!

Variety : Brooks

Treatment dates Platina : 21/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 25/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 30/04 (1,0 l/ha)

Harvest : 12/05

0

4

8

12

16

20

Control Platina

IRTA (Lleida field station)

Platina Spain 2009

Variety : Brooks

Treatment dates Platina : 21/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 25/04 (1,5 l/ha) - 30/04 (1,0 l/ha)

Harvest : 12/05

Sugar content (°brix)

Firmness (Durofel index)

Color (Ctifl code)

Fruit diameter (mm)

Control 19,3 54,7 3,6 31,9

Platina 20,8 56,3 4,3 31,9

Fruits treated with Platina have a higher sugar content and a darker red color

IRTA (Lleida field station)

Platina Spain 2010

Variety : Sunburst

Treatment dates Platina : 01/06 (1,5 l/ha) - 07/06 (1,5 l/ha) - 12/06 (1,0 l/ha)

Harvest : 17/06

Sugar content (°brix)

Firmness (Durofel index)

Color (Ctifl code)

Fruit diameter (mm)

Fruit weight (g)

Control 16,1 62,8 3,2 31,1 13,0

Platina 16,9 61,4 3,5 31,7 13,9

Fruits treated with Platina are more mature and should be harvested earlier

IRTA (Lleida field station)

Platina Spain 2011

Comparable % of fruit cracking, but significantly higher fruit size and weight

Normaly more cracking when size is bigger

Platina gives bigger fruits without more cracking

Variety : Lapins

Platina : 3 x 1,0 l/ha (26/05, 02/06, 07/06)

Harvest : 15/06

IRTA (Lleida field station)

9

27,8

9,2 9,4

29,2

10,7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Fruit cracking (%) Fruit diameter (mm) Fruit weight (g)

Control Platina

Platina Spain 2011

Better fruit size significantly more cherries > 30 mm

Variety : Lapins

Platina : 3 x 1,0 l/ha (26/05, 02/06, 07/06)

Harvest : 15/06

IRTA (Lleida field station)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Control Platina

Fruit size grading (%)

< 28 mm 28-30 mm 30-32 mm > 32 mm

Platina Spain 2011

Less fruit cracking

Variety : Sweetheart

Platina : 4 x 1,0 l/ha (26/05, 02/06, 07/06, 17/06)

Harvest : 21/06

IRTA (Lleida field station)

6,1

8,9

3,7

9,5

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Fruit cracking (%) Fruit weight (g)

Control Platina

Same fruit size, but higher density higher fruit weight

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

Poznan University of Life Sciences

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

Poznan University of Life Sciences

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

0

4

8

12

16

20

Control Platina

Poznan University of Life Sciences

Significantly less cracked cherries at harvest

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

Poznan University of Life Sciences

11,4 13,1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Control Platina

Significantly higher marktable yield

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

Poznan University of Life Sciences

5,7

21,4

6,0

21,9

0

5

10

15

20

25

Fruit weight (g) Fruit diameter (mm)

Control Platina

Slightly higher fruit size and weight

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

Poznan University of Life Sciences

Object Fruit firmness

(G)

Fruit color

L a b

Control 112,2 27,7 7,6 2,4

Platina 117,7 27,7 8,7 2,0

Higher fruit firmness and darker red color

Platina Poland 2012

Variety : ‘English Morello’ sour cherry

Platina : 2 x 1,5 l/ha (04/07, 11/07)

Harvest : 20/07

Poznan University of Life Sciences

Higher sugar content advanced maturity

Object Total Soluble Solids

(TSS, %) Titratable Acidity

(TA, %) TSS/TA

Control 11,75 1,43 8,20

Platina 12,05 1,41 8,54

Don’t mix with other cracking products

Maximum 3 treatments

Maximum 1,0 to 1,5 L/ha per treatment

Treat before the rain !

Repeated applications of Platina influence

maturation => harvest cherries earlier

Key points - cherry