plate tectonics. alfred wegener (1880-1930) alfred wegener (1880-1930) the origin of continents and...

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PLATE TECTONICS

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Page 1: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

PLATE TECTONICS

Page 2: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 3: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)

Page 4: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Alfred Wegener (1880-1930)

The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Page 5: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

I. Continental Drift

Page 6: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Pangea: “all lands”

Page 7: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

I. Continental Drift

A. Fit of the Continents

Page 8: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Fit of the Continents

Page 9: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

I. Continental Drift

A. Fit of the Continents

B. Fossil Evidence

Page 10: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 11: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

I. Continental Drift

A. Fit of the Continents

B. Fossil Evidence

C. Rock Types

Page 12: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 13: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

I. Continental Drift

A. Fit of the Continents

B. Fossil Evidence

C. Rock Types

D. Paleoclimate Evidence

Page 14: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 15: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 16: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 17: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

PLATE TECTONICS

I. Continental DriftAlfred Wegner (1915)

A. Fit of the ContinentsB. Fossil EvidenceC. Rock TypesD. Paleoclimate Evidence

WHAT IS MISSING………?

Page 18: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

II. Mounting Evidence of Contin. Drift

Page 19: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

A. Earth’s magnetic field

Page 20: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

A. Earth’s magnetic field

Page 21: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 22: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 23: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

B. Polar Wandering (S.K. Runcorn, 1950)

Page 24: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

II. Mounting Evidence of Contin. Drift

A. Earth’s magnetic field

B. Polar Wandering (S.K. Runcorn, 1950)

C. Sea Floor Spreading (Harry Hess, 1960)

Page 25: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Sea floor spreading

Page 26: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

II. Mounting Evidence of Contin. Drift

A. Earth’s magnetic field

B. Polar Wandering (S.K. Runcorn, 1950)

C. Sea Floor Spreading (Harry Hess, 1960)

D. Geomagnetic Reversals

Page 27: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Geomagnetic Reversals

Page 28: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 29: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

video

Page 30: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 31: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

Page 32: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Concept: an assimilation of the ideas of Wegner (continental drift) with sea floor spreading and geomagnetics

Page 33: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 34: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Concept: an assimilation of the ideas of Wegner (continental drift) with sea floor spreading and geomagnetics

B. Plate Boundaries

Page 35: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

The Wilson Cycle

Page 36: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Plate Boundaries

1. Divergent

Hot Spot and Triple Junctions

Page 37: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

A divergent boundary…..

Page 38: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

A divergent boundary…..

animation

Page 39: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

A modern-day divergent boundary…..

Page 40: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 41: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Plate Boundaries

1. Divergent

2. Convergent

a. oceanic-oceanic

Page 42: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Converging boundary…..Oceanic-Oceanic

animation

Page 43: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Converging boundary…..

Page 44: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Plate Boundaries

1. Divergent

2. Convergent

a. oceanic-oceanic

b. oceanic-continental

Page 45: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Converging boundary…..Continental-Oceanic

animation

Page 46: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Converging boundary…..

Page 47: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Plate Boundaries

1. Divergent

2. Convergent

a. oceanic-oceanic

b. oceanic-continental

c. continental-continental

Page 48: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Converging boundary…..Continental-Continental

animation

animation

Page 49: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Transform boundary…..

Page 50: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 51: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)
Page 52: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Plate Boundaries

1. Divergent

2. Convergent

a. oceanic-oceanic

b. oceanic-continental

c. continental-continental

3. Transform

Page 53: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Transform boundary…..

Page 54: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Transform boundary…..

animation

Page 55: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

III. Plate Tectonics

A. Plate Boundaries1. Divergent2. Convergent

a. oceanic-oceanicb. oceanic-continentalc. continental-continental

3. Transform4. Other (hotspots)

Page 56: PLATE TECTONICS. Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) Alfred Wegener (1880-1930) The Origin of Continents and Oceans (1915)

Hot Spots…..

animation