plastic waste recycling: the application of the fire ... · the cfpa-e guideline no 32:2014 f...

Plastic waste recycling: the application of the

Fire Italian Code integrated with CFPA

Guideline in a real case

Ing. Monica Capobelli


Ind

ex

Pag. 1

Plastic pollution and recycling

Plastic storage

Environmental impacts from fire

Fire prevention strategy

Case study

Pla

stic

pollu

tion

Pag. 2


Plastic Emergency Significant growth in recycling sites

3) Extrusion by heat Plastic granules

1) Selection

2) Grinding

Plastic flakes

Waste plastic from industrial

and municipal sources

New products

Pla

stic

sto

rage

Pag. 3


A lot of plastic in storage

DPR n. 151/2011 n. 44

Fire risk

The plastic materials have a high

fire growth rate.

Fast - Ultrafast

01

02

03The main gas risk is the generation of

CO. The fire of plastics could product

also dioxin.

Toxicity

When most plastics burn, they give off

smoke and this can be a major hazard in

fires.

Products of combustion

Indoor

Outdoor

> 50.000 kg

Envi

ronm

enta

lim

pact

sfr

om

fir

e

Pag. 4


Environmental impacts from Fire

Air pollution – toxic smoke plumes

Surface water pollution – firewater run-off

Thermal radiation

Physical risks

Water use

Difficult to control and can burn for weeks

Fir

epre

venti

on

stra

tegy

Pag. 5


2

1 PREVENTION MEASURES

putting in place organizational/controlmeasures;

keeping areas clean and orderly; establishing internal regulations for

inspecting compliance with safety measures; informing and training workers about the

risks involved in their activities.

2 ACTIVE PROTECTION MEASURES Extinguishing equipment and systems Alarm systems

3 PASSIVE PROTECTION MEASURES Space separation Fire-resistant walls

Pag. 6


Where can we find the guidelines about the correct

approach?

≈

Outdoor storage Storage of waste

Italian codes/guidelines

D.M. 03/08/2015

Linea guida Ministero dell’ambiente

e della tutela del territorio e del

Mare 21/01/2019

European guidelines

CFPA – E Guideline No 32:2014

F

Treatment and storage of waste

and combustible (for outdoor

storage)

Fir

epre

venti

on

stra

tegy

Case

stu

dy

Pag. 7


Plastic recyclings plants

Industrial waste -> plastic granules

Indoor storage and outdoor storage

Sint = 6.000 m2 Sext = 8.500 m

2 hmax= 7,5 m

Case

stu

dy

Pag. 8


Plastic > 50.000 kg

Subject to fire preventionmeasures

DM 03/08/2015

CFPA-E Guideline No 32:2014 F

Pag. 9


INDOOR STORAGE DM 03/08/2015

FIRE PREVENTION MEASURES

MeasuresPerformance level

NotesI II III IV V

S.1 – Fire Reaction Handheld and wheeledfire extinguishers, fixedmanual and automaticfire extinguishingsystem are installedinside the building.

Automatic detectionsystem of a fire isinstalled inside thebuilding

S.2 – Fire Resistance

S.3 – Fire Compartment

S.4 – Egress

S.5 – Fire Safety Management

S.6 – Fire Control

S.7 – Fire Detection and alarm

S.8 – Smoke and heat control

S.9 – Fire Fighting operability

S.10 – Security of technological

and service systems

Case

stu

dy

Pag. 10


Material distribution No big storage areas

FULLY-DEVELOPED FIRE

Enviromentalimpact

Property damage

Case

stu

dy

Pag. 11


Case

stu

dy

The CFPA-E Guideline No 32:2014 F assigns limits to storage areas:

1. Outdoor storage should be divided into fire compartments by non-roofed 20 m wide spaces without

combustible materials or by fire break walls.

2. The maximum permitted fire compatment size for outdoor storage in 2.000 m2;

3. The fire compartments shall be divided ionto storage areas of max. 400 m2 size to ensure well-

directed fire fighting;

4. Outodoor storage should have the following max. width:

a) 40 m with both longitudinal sides of the storage area being freely accessible;

b) 20 m with only one longitudinal side of the storage area being freely accessible

5. Maximum storage height is 5 m.

Pag. 12


Case

stu

dy

D.M. 03/08/2015 Separation distance between storage areas

Equipment of fire break walls

FRONT SPACE AREA POSTERIOR SPACE AREA

Reduction of separation distance

Pag. 13


Case

stu

dy

FIRE PREVENTION STRATEGY

Identification of storage areas.

Identification of separation distances between storage areas.

Management measures

Handheld fire extinguishers on forklift

Wheeled fire extinguishers

Informing and trainign workers about the risks involved in their activities

plastic waste recycling: the application of the fire ... · the cfpa-e guideline no 32:2014 f...

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