plasma the fourth state of matter. what is plasma? fourth state of matter fourth state of matter...
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Plasma Plasma
The fourth state of matter The fourth state of matter
What is plasma?What is plasma?
Fourth state of matter Fourth state of matter Most common state of matter in the Most common state of matter in the
universeuniverseMuch like gas except has free electronsMuch like gas except has free electronsComposed of positive charged particles Composed of positive charged particles
called cations called cations Examples of plasmas: lighting, stars, neon Examples of plasmas: lighting, stars, neon
signs, and aurorassigns, and auroras
History of plasma History of plasma
Discovered by sir William Crookes in 1879Discovered by sir William Crookes in 1879Defined it as radiant matter Defined it as radiant matter Discovered it through a Crookes tube Discovered it through a Crookes tube Wasn’t given the name plasma till 1929 by Wasn’t given the name plasma till 1929 by
Irving Langmuir Irving Langmuir Greek for “anything formed”Greek for “anything formed”
Where is plasma found?Where is plasma found?
99% of the matter in the universe is 99% of the matter in the universe is plasma plasma
On earth it is the rarest state of matter On earth it is the rarest state of matter Man made plasma is found in fluorescent Man made plasma is found in fluorescent
light bulbs and neon lights light bulbs and neon lights In space plasma is mostly seen in stars In space plasma is mostly seen in stars
Different types of plasma Different types of plasma
Thermal Thermal plasmaplasma
Found in stars and lighting Found in stars and lighting At extremely high temperatures At extremely high temperatures Determined by atom and amount Determined by atom and amount
of energy going through it of energy going through it
Non-thermal Non-thermal plasmaplasma
Much lower temperature then Much lower temperature then thermal plasma thermal plasma
Used in medical research Used in medical research Auroras and fluorescent bulbs are Auroras and fluorescent bulbs are
cold plasma cold plasma
Plasma in starsPlasma in stars
Plasma is created by the fusion reaction in Plasma is created by the fusion reaction in stars stars
A fusion reaction is when hydrogen is A fusion reaction is when hydrogen is transformed into helium transformed into helium
The energy that comes out of this reaction The energy that comes out of this reaction causes huge burst of energy causes huge burst of energy
The energy causes a electrical charge The energy causes a electrical charge which runs through the gases and creates which runs through the gases and creates plasma plasma
Uses of plasma Uses of plasma
Plasma is used from cutting metal to light Plasma is used from cutting metal to light bulbsbulbs
Plasma is the key to fusion energy Plasma is the key to fusion energy Some types of plasma are being tested for Some types of plasma are being tested for
medical research medical research
Plasma cutter Plasma cutter
First used to the industrial scale in WW2 First used to the industrial scale in WW2 by the U.S. by the U.S.
Plasma made it possible to build planes Plasma made it possible to build planes and artillery faster and artillery faster
Much more reliable then cold sawsMuch more reliable then cold saws
Fluorescent & neon lights Fluorescent & neon lights
Fluorescent lights differ from normal Fluorescent lights differ from normal incandescent bulbsincandescent bulbs
Fluorescent are filled with a type of gasFluorescent are filled with a type of gasThe electricity goes through the twisty tube The electricity goes through the twisty tube
thing and creates energy to ionizes the thing and creates energy to ionizes the electrons in the gas electrons in the gas
This causes the light to shine This causes the light to shine
Auroras Auroras
Caused by solar flares hitting the Caused by solar flares hitting the atmosphere atmosphere
The flares hit particles with a electric The flares hit particles with a electric charge charge
Different elements give different colorDifferent elements give different color
Oxygen: green & red Oxygen: green & red Nitrogen: pink Nitrogen: pink
Lighting Lighting
High thermal plasma High thermal plasma Caused when water molecules are Caused when water molecules are
evaporated and bump into each other evaporated and bump into each other This causes electrons to be bumped off This causes electrons to be bumped off Positive water molecules ascend to the topPositive water molecules ascend to the top this creates an electrical charge its gets this creates an electrical charge its gets
pushed down to the earth pushed down to the earth
Medical uses of plasmaMedical uses of plasma
Is used in decontamination Is used in decontamination Has been widely used in cancer treatment Has been widely used in cancer treatment Does not kill skin cells Does not kill skin cells Kills micro-organisms Kills micro-organisms
Video Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuUJwFLUpS0v=xuUJwFLUpS0
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