Talking “ Plant “ is our business

• Emmert – 1930• Scarf en Bray – 1977 – Quick test• Dr Cees Sonneveld - 1984• Bruce Tainio – Plantsap pH – 90’s• NovaCropControl – 2003 plantsap in strawberries• Omia - Omnia – 1998?• Dr. Carey Reams –Nutrient dense – Brix = Quality

concept• Joan Timmermans• John Kempf

History

Sap

Tissue

24 h @ 65 ℃

Procedure – Tissue vs PlantSap™

Digest

Soil analysis

Leaf analysis

Capacity vs Intensity

Positioning - Tissue vs PlantSap™ vs SoilJvM1

Slide 6

JvM1 grondontledingJan vd Merwe, 2021/08/12

Global Markers

• Brix

• pH

• EC

• Chlorophyll

“meten is weten”

Nitrogen

• NO3

• NH4

• NO2

• Total N

Macro Elements

• P

• K

• Ca

• Mg

• S

Other

• Si

• Ni

Micro Elements

• B

• Mn

• Cu

• Fe

• Mo

• ZnCritical

• Na

• Cl

• Al

• F

• B

• NO2

Next

• Org N(Amine/Amide/Acids)

• Co

• Se

New Terminology

“ Nutritional Mining ”

“ Nutritional Mining ”

Nutritional program -

Evaluation

N P K Ca Mg S Fe Zn

30.0 45.0 60.0

Week 1 Plant seedling 9.2 3.8 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.6

2 16.7 4.8 5.8 5.7 0.6 29.5

3 18.7 4.8 11.5 5.7 0.6 11.3

4 18.7 4.8 11.5 5.7 0.6 11.3

5 2.1 19.2 0.4 11.3

6 2.1 19.2 0.4

7 2.1 19.2 0.4

8 2.1 19.2 0.4

9 17.7 4.2 13.6 6.7 0.7 0.2 29.8

10 16.0 2.9 11.5 6.7 0.6 6.8

11 16.0 2.9 11.5 6.7 0.6 6.8

12 16.0 2.9 11.5 6.7 0.6 6.8

13 2.1 19.2 4.2

14 2.1 19.2 4.2

15 2.1 19.2 4.2

16 2.1 19.2 4.2

17 17.6 3.2 13.6 7.6 0.7 0.2 27.6

18 16.0 1.9 11.5 7.6 0.6 4.5

19 16.0 1.9 11.5 7.6 0.6 4.5

20 16.0 1.9 11.5 7.6 0.6 4.5

21 16.0 1.9 11.5 7.6 0.6 4.5

22 2.1 11.7 4.2

23 2.1 11.7 4.2

24 2.1 11.7 4.2

25 2.1 11.7 4.2

26 14.7 1.8 9.1 7.6 0.7 0.1 14.1

27 13.8 1.0 7.7 7.6 0.6 2.3

28 13.8 1.0 7.7 7.6 0.6 2.3

29 13.8 1.0 7.7 7.6 0.6

Totals 322 91 430 112 10 36 0 178

Phenological stage

Ridge pre-plant

g/haKg/ha

0

50

100

150

200

250

NO3 NH4 TOTALN

P K Ca Mg S B Cu Mn Fe Mo Zn

GENERAL MARKERS Week 18

Excessive - Antagonism

Culprits

Nutritional Balance range

pH = 6.4

Negative Gradient

Practical Applications

-400

100

-400

-510

300

-800

500

-400

0

-500

-1000

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

8.1 16.1 23.1 28.1 6.2 20.2 26.2 4.03 11.3 18.3 25.3

Potasium – Trial – new program

0 0 0,33200

52

700

2400

640

-100

2000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

8.1 16.1 23.1 28.1 6.2 20.2 26.2 4.03 11.3 18.3 25.3

Potasium - Farm

Consumption/ week+ Gradient(ppm)above Black Line

Drone NDVIGreen

Brown

JvM4

Slide 13

JvM4 Cu merkJan vd Merwe, 2021/08/12

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

29.5.19 5.6.19 11.6.19 22.6.19 27.6.19 3.7.19 9.7.19 17.7.19 24.7.19 31.7.19

Kishu

K Ca

52002300

1600360

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

29.5.19 5.6.19 11.6.19 22.6.19 27.6.19 3.7.19 9.7.19 17.7.19 24.7.19 31.7.19

Code Green

K Ca

54002300

2900

1100

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

29.5.19 5.6.19 11.6.19 22.6.19 27.6.19 3.7.19 9.7.19 17.7.19 24.7.19 31.7.19

Sunny

K Ca

2200

500

7200

2200

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

29.5.19 5.6.19 11.6.19 22.6.19 27.6.19 3.7.19 9.7.19 17.7.19 24.7.19 31.7.19

Aviator

K Ca

580

7100

2300

2800

Chrysanthemum cultivar(K + Ca Consumption)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

26.02 5.03 13.03 20.03 26.03 3.04 10.04 16.4 24.4 2.5 8.5

CROP YIELD (FARM) CROP YIELD (TRIAL)

Soil health Introduction

Pepper Yield kg/weekTRIAL 24710

FARM 22382

= 2238 kg/ha

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

22.01 29.01 5.02 12.02 19.02 26.02 5.03 13.03 20.03 26.03 3.04 10.04 16.4 24.4 2.5 8.5 16.5 22.5 30.5

NO3 (ppm) TRIAL NO3 (ppm) FARM K (ppm) TRIAL K (ppm) FARM

Soil health K and NO3 Contribution

NO3 TRIAL 45400 ppm

NO3 FARM 41920 ppm

= 3480 ppm

K TRIAL 93800 ppm

K FARM 89500 ppm

= 4300 ppm

Non Grafted

Grafted

TISSUE

Plant Sap

0.5 Hoagland solution *) used in Maize.

TreatmentCa Mg K NH4 Urea NO3 SO4 P Cl

1 80 24 117 14 0 98 64 32 0

2 80 24 117 14 0 0 288 32 0

3 80 24 117 28 0 0 256 32 70

4 80 24 117 56 0 0 288 32 70

5 80 24 117 56 0 84 192 32 0

6 80 24 117 84 0 84 256 32 0

7 80 24 117 28 0 84 128 32 0

8 80 24 117 0 28 0 224 32 0

9 80 24 117 56 56 0 224 32 0

10 80 24 117 0 84 0 224 32 0

11 80 24 117 42 42 42 256 32 0

Trace elements - rate the same with all treatments * Bonner, J & Galston, A. W., 1952 Principles of Plant Physiology

97

2158

188205 196

140

5174

35

117

0

50

100

150

200

250 Biomass gLSD 0.0538.3

28,7

20,323,3

35,3

44,3

36,3

25,7

33,339,3

44,0

35,3

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0

30,0

35,0

40,0

45,0

50,0 Chlorophyll %LSD 0.0510.7

2,80

3,77

2,77

3,30 3,30 3,23

4,03 4,13

3,57 3,63 3,53

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

4,00

4,50 Brix %LSD 0.05

0.52

“IN Time” reflection of the nutritional status of the crop

Extraction technique prevent !!!!any contamination

“Your plants are talking, best you start listening”