plants module 13. plants share common characteristics photosynthetic autotrophs (use the sun’s...
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PlantsModule 13
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Plants share common characteristics
• Photosynthetic autotrophs(use the sun’s energy to make sugar/glucose)
• Multicellular(made of eukaryotic cells)
• Producers(are the base of the food web in ecosystems)
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Plant Classification
2 major categories:1.Non-vascular
(no tubes / vessels)
2.Vascular(tubes/vessels for transport)
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Plant Classification
Vascular plants are further divided1.Seedless
(use spores for reproduction)
2.Seeded(use seeds for reproduction)
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Plant Classification
Seed plants are further divided1.Gymnosperms
(seeds in cones)
2.Angiosperms(seeds in fruits that develop from flowers)
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STERNGRR Processes
Synthesis:
• Photosynthesis used to make food
• Protein synthesis Chloroplasts
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STERNGRR Processes
Transport:
• Non-vascular plants use osmosis
• Vascular plants have xylem to transport water and phloem to transport food (in vascular bundle / vein)
WATER
FOOD
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STERNGRR Processes
Excretion:• Tiny openings in the leaf called stomata allow
gas exchange; regulated by guard cells• Wastes may be stored in leaves that fall off in
autumn
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STERNGRR Processes
Respiration:• Use oxygen and sugar to produce ATP for
energy
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STERNGRR Processes
Nutrition:• Sugar produced in photosynthesis is used for
cellular respiration or stored for later use.
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STERNGRR Processes
Growth and Development:• Seeds germinate to start the process of
development into a new plant
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STERNGRR Processes
Asexual Reproduction:
• Occurs through the process of vegetative propagation
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STERNGRR Processes
Spores:
• Produced by non-vascular and seedless vascular plants for reproduction
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STERNGRR Processes
Seeds:• Found in cones in gymnosperms
• Found in fruits that develop from flowers in angiosperms
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STERNGRR Processes
Flowers:• Male parts
Stamen - anther and filament
• Female partsPistil – stigma, style
and ovary
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STERNGRR Processes
Flowers:• Pollination occurs
when pollen (male) is transferred to the stigma (female)
• Fertilization occurs when a sperm (in pollen) meets egg (in ovary)
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STERNGRR ProcessesRegulation• Hormones – regulate growth and control responses to stimuli (Ex. auxin, cytokinen, ethylene)• Tropisms – growth responses to external stimuli
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Plant Adaptations - Leaf
Cuticle Surface area
Carnivorous Protection
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Plant Adaptations - Stem
Tuber Succulent
Tendrils Runners
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Plant Adaptations - Root
Taproot Fibrous Roots
Root hairs