plant tissues (1).ppt

7/27/2019 Plant Tissues (1).ppt

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Plant Tissues: Overview

Meristems, Simple Tissues, &Complex Tissues

Many of the figures found in this presentation are from the internet sitehttp://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/ and a CD entitled Plant Anatomy by

Richard Crang & Andrey Vassilyev published by McGraw Hill.
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/


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Meristematic tissues localizedregions of cell division

Apical MeristemsPrimary or Transitional Meristem Primary growth

Protoderm gives rise to epidermis

Ground meristem gives rise to ground tissueProcambium gives rise to 1

ovascular tissue

Lateral MeristemsVascular cambium 2

ovascular tissue

Cork cambium or phellogen peridermIntercalary Meristems (found in the nodes of grasses)


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Illustration from: http://biology.nebrwesleyan.edu/benham/mitosis/

1. Interphase

2. Prophase

3. Metaphase4. Anaphase

5. Telophase

6. Cytokinesis

Cell Division: Mitosis (nuclear division) +Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)


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Root Apical Meristem

1. Root capinitials

2. Protoderm3. Ground

meristem4. Procambium

5. Root cap


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Lateral Meristems secondarygrowth in woody plants

Basswood root in cross sectionBasswood stem in cross

section; 1, 2, 3 year old stems
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/1-2-3-year_old_stems_MC_.phphttp://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Roots/Tilia_Root_xs/Whole_root_large_MC_.php


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Intercalary Meristems in Grasses

http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/wildamerica/grasslands/graslandoutline.html


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Simple Tissues consisting of onecell type

Parenchyma thin walled & alive at maturity; oftenmultifaceted.

Collenchyma thick walled & alive at maturity

Sclerenchyma thick walled and dead at maturitySclerids or stone cells cells as long as they are wideFibers cells longer than they are wide

Epidermis alive at maturityTrichomes pubescence or hairs on epidermis Root Hairs tubular extensions of epidermal cells


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Parenchyma


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Collenchyma


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Sclerenchyma

Right-hand illustration modified from: Weier,Stocking & Barbour, 1974, Botany: An

Introduction to Plant Biology, 5th Ed.

SCLERIDS FIBERS


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Epidermis stoma, trichomes, & root hairs

http://www.ucd.ie/botany/Steer/hair/roothairs.html
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Cells_&_Tissues/Stomata_Zebrina_epidermis/Chloroplasts_in_guard_cells.php


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Complex Tissue

Xylem water conducting tissue; parenchyma, fibers,vessels and/or tracheids, and ray cells. Phloem food conducting tissue; sieve-tube members(no nucleus at maturity, cytoplasm present),companion cells, fibers, parenchyma, and raycells. In flowering plants, sieve-tube members and companion cells arise from the same mother cell.Periderm protective covering; composed of cork

and parenchyma.Secretory structures responsible for making latex,resins, nectar and other substances produced andstored in channels inside the plant body.


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Xylem


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Phloem


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Periderm cork & parenchyma

TWIG WITH LENTICELS
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/Periderm_MC.html


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Secretory Structures

nectar (flowers) from nectariesoils (peanuts, oranges, citrus) from accumulation of glands and elaioplasts.

resins (conifers) from resin canalslacticifers (e.g., latex - milkweed, rubber plants,opium poppy)hydathodes (openings for secretion of water)digestive glands of carnivorous plants (enzymes)salt glands that shed salt (especial in plants adapted toenvironments laden with salt).

plant tissues (1).ppt

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