plant diversity. the origin of plants from algae plants evolved from algae. plants evolved from...
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Plant DiversityPlant Diversity
The Origin of Plants from AlgaeThe Origin of Plants from Algae
Plants evolved from algae.Plants evolved from algae. Oldest plant fossil is 475 millions years old!Oldest plant fossil is 475 millions years old!
Plant- Plant- multicellular autotroph in which the multicellular autotroph in which the embryo develops within the female parent.embryo develops within the female parent. Multicellular?Multicellular? Autotroph?Autotroph? Embryo?Embryo?
Challenges of Life on LandChallenges of Life on Land
1) Obtaining resource1) Obtaining resource AirAir SoilSoil
2) Staying upright2) Staying upright LigninLignin- hardens cell walls- hardens cell walls
Challenges of Life on LandChallenges of Life on Land
3) Maintaining moisture3) Maintaining moisture CuticleCuticle- helps the plant to maintain moisture - helps the plant to maintain moisture Stomata- Stomata- pores for gas exchangepores for gas exchange
4) Reproducing4) Reproducing Plants must keep offspring Plants must keep offspring
from drying outfrom drying out Seeds in “jacket”Seeds in “jacket” Embryo develops in female Embryo develops in female
Plant DiversityPlant Diversity Charophytes- Charophytes- algae algae
ancestors; lived in shallow ancestors; lived in shallow waterwater
Bryophytes- Bryophytes- no seeds no seeds (mosses)(mosses)
PteridophytesPteridophytes- lignin- - lignin- hardened tissue (ferns)hardened tissue (ferns)
Gymnosperms- Gymnosperms- “naked” “naked” seeds (conifers)seeds (conifers)
Angiosperms- Angiosperms- seeds in seeds in ovaries (flowering plants)ovaries (flowering plants)
VideoVideo
AngiospermsAngiosperms
Reproductive structures are flowersReproductive structures are flowers Embryo develops within the female (in the Embryo develops within the female (in the
flower)flower)
Flower Structure Flower Structure
FLOWERFLOWER- reproductive - reproductive structure in angiospermsstructure in angiosperms
StamenStamen- Male part- Male part AntherAnther- at tip; produces - at tip; produces
pollen (which contains sperm)pollen (which contains sperm) FilamentFilament- stalk- stalk
CarpelCarpel- Female part - Female part OvaryOvary- Chamber that holds - Chamber that holds
the embryo in the carpel (the the embryo in the carpel (the “fruit”). “fruit”).
Fruit or Vegetable?Fruit or Vegetable?
Fruit- ovary protecting SEEDSFruit- ovary protecting SEEDS Vegetable- edible roots, stems, or leavesVegetable- edible roots, stems, or leaves
Computer ActivityComputer Activity
Phsuccessnet.comPhsuccessnet.com 19.1, 19.519.1, 19.5 Turn in when completed in bin.Turn in when completed in bin. Start homework.Start homework.
Transpiration LabTranspiration Lab Transpiration- Loss of water from a plant, Transpiration- Loss of water from a plant,
especially from the leaves.especially from the leaves.
Transpiration LabTranspiration Lab
Photosynthesis: How a plant makes food; Photosynthesis: How a plant makes food; occurs in the chloroplast.occurs in the chloroplast.
Transpiration LabTranspiration Lab
Make a testable hypothesis to answer this Make a testable hypothesis to answer this question:question:
“ “How is plant transpiration rate affected by How is plant transpiration rate affected by light?”light?”
Transpiration LabTranspiration Lab
Data TableData Table
Transpiration LabTranspiration Lab
VariablesVariables
Flower DissectionFlower Dissection
Reproductive structuresReproductive structures
male: stamenmale: stamen anther + filament anther + filament
female: carpelsfemale: carpels
ovary + style + stigmaovary + style + stigma
Flower DissectionFlower Dissection
(carpel)
Flower FunctionFlower Function
Reproduction (“pollination”)Reproduction (“pollination”) Insect-pollinatorsInsect-pollinators Wind-pollination Wind-pollination
PollinationPollination
EndospermEndosperm- nutrient-- nutrient-storing tissue; feeds the storing tissue; feeds the embryo as it developsembryo as it develops
Fruit- Fruit- ripened ovary of ripened ovary of a flower; protect & help a flower; protect & help disperse seedsdisperse seeds
Double fertilizationDouble fertilization
1)1) One sperm fertilizes egg cellOne sperm fertilizes egg cell zygote zygote
2)2) Other sperm fertilizes outside of ovaryOther sperm fertilizes outside of ovaryforms ENDOSPERM: nutrients for forms ENDOSPERM: nutrients for
embryoembryo
3) Embryo + endosperm 3) Embryo + endosperm seed seed
Seed dispersalSeed dispersal
Animal partsAnimal parts
Hidden in fruits that are eaten or decomposed Hidden in fruits that are eaten or decomposed
WaterWater
WindWind
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Seed developmentSeed developmentRoot & shoot emergeRoot & shoot emerge
cotyledonscotyledons helps plant get nutrients helps plant get nutrients
dicot: twodicot: two monocots: onemonocots: one
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Seed developmentSeed development
http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/illus/ilt/T630888A.gif
GerminationGermination
Absorbed water splits seed coat.Absorbed water splits seed coat.
Shoot makes its way to surface.Shoot makes its way to surface.
Root grows down.Root grows down.