plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji · c oll ected by giving th e stud e nts assesm ent was...

NALIPMARETEK NATAKGNINEP

NAALUMREP SILUNEM NAD ACABMEM

RABMAG AIDEM NAD SAS EDOTEM NAKANUGGNEM NAGNED

NARUJNAG SUISINAK DS I SALEK AWSIS ADAP

2102/1102 NARAJALEP NUHAT

ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD anajraS raleG helorepmeM nakididneP

rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP

: helO

itparpuS airaM anA

970431170

RASAD HALOKES URUG NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i






ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD anajraS raleG helorepmeM nakididneP

rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP

: helO

itparpuS airaM anA

970431170

RASAD HALOKES URUG NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH

: kutnu nakhabmesrep uka ,ini ispirks itah hadner nagneD

.1 itakrebmem ulales gnay ,airaM adnuB nad sutsirK suseY nahuT paites

nanalajrep h .aynada hadni idajnem utauses alages taubmem nad ,ukpudi

.2 aisirtaP airaM ubI nad anayiguS surteP kapaB ,ukaut gnaro audek kutnU

.ukpudih hakgnal paites iutserem nad gnukudnem ulales gnay ,hisramuS

rognep ,aod ,sarek ajrek sata hisakamireT aggnab uka,,,ubI nad kapaB nanab

.ubI nad kapaB napudihek malad naigab idajnem asib

.3 habM iatnic nad itamroh uka gnaY uP ,irt t nad ,atnic ,aod sata hisakamire

.aynutser ukA tuP habM nikay ir agruS id aigahab muynesret


v

OTTOM

nakatagnem ainuD ,licek ipa nakicrep halaynah uka

ipa halada uka awhab nikay ukirajagnem suseY nahuT ipaT

,ranes satues halaynah uka nakatagnem ainuD

aprah halada uka awhab nikay ukirajagnem suseY nahuT ipaT

,licek tikub haubes halaynah uka nakatagnem ainuD

gnunug halada uka awhab nikay ukirajagnem suseY nahuT ipaT

aynah uka nakatagnem ainuD ,ria setetes hal

ria rebmus halada uka awhab nikay ukirajagnem suseY nahuT ipaT

,ulub ialehes halaynah uka nakatagnem ainuD

payas haubes halada uka awhab nikay ukirajagnem suseY nahuT ipaT

,simegnep halaynah uka nakatagnem ainuD

kirajagnem suseY nahuT ipaT utaR halada uka awhab nikay u

itparpuS airaM anA


iv

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

kadit ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

malad naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem

uata napituk haimli ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup ratfad

,atrakaygoY 11 2102 iraunaJ

,siluneP

itparpuS airaM anA


iiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

gnaY : amrahD atanaS satisrevinu awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb

amaN itparpuS airaM anA :

awsisahaM kudnI romoN 970431170 :

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeDy ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ludujreb gna






atreseb nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD .nakulrepid gnay takgnarep adapek nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad aynalolegnem ,nial aidem kutneb malad aidem uata tenretni id aynnakisakilbupmem nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem

imedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial nupuam ayas irad niji atnimem ulrep apnat s iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem

.silunep

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

,atrakaygoY 11 2102 iraunaJ

,siluneP

itparpuS airaM anA


iiiv

KARTSBA

102 .airaM anA,itparpuS 2 . siluneM nad acabmeM nalipmareteK natakgnineP rabmaG aideM nad SAS edoteM nakanuggneM nagneD naalumreP narajaleP nuhaT narujnaG suisinaK DS I saleKawsiS adaP

2102/1102 amrahD atanaS satisrevinU ,DSGP :atrakaygoY .ispirkS .

gnay nahalasamreP .salek nakadnit naitilenep nakapurem ini ispirkS takgnaid halada huajes anam naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek id

salek narujnaG suisinaK DS I narajalep nuhat tapaD 2102/1102 naktakgnitid edotem nakanuggnem nagned nad SAS aidem rabmag ?

nad urug nagned aracnawaw nagned ilawaid ini salek nakadnit naitileneP nad aracnawaw lisah nakrasadreB .narujnaG suisinaK DS I salek id isavresbo silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek awhab iuhatekid tubesret salek id isavresbo

id awsis raseb naigabes 2102/1102 narajalep nuhat narujnaG suisinaK DS I salek nakanugid akam ,tubesret halasam isatagnem kutnu ahasu iagabeS .hadner hisam nad acabmem nalipmaretrek naktakgninem kutnu rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem

.naalumrep silunem

2 malad nakanaskalid naitileneP nakanaskalid I sulkiS .sulkis malad ilak 2ebmetpeS 41 ,ubaR nad 1102 rebmetpeS 21 ,nineS utiay naumetrep sulkiS .1102 r

nakanaskalid II 12 ubaR nad 1102 rebmetpeS 91 ,nineS utiay naumetrep ilak 2rebmem nagned nakanaskalid atad nalupmugneP .1102 rebmetpeS naialinep naki

pahat adap naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek gnatnet awsis padahret awsis atnimem nagned nakukalid naialineP .II sulkis nad ,I sulkis ,sulkisarp

nep lisaH .anahredes tamilak uata naacab silunem nad acabmem naiali pahat adapsulkisarp atar - nalipmaretek nad 96 halada acabmem nalipmaretek ialin atar6 silunem 7 atar ,I sulkis adap lisaH . - acabmem nalipmaretek kutnu ialin atar

atar II sulkiS .96 silunem nalipmaretek nad 07 halada - nad 47 acabmem ialin ataratar - h nakrasadreB .47 silunem atar ,nakanaskalid halet gnay naitilenep lisa

halet narujnaG suisinaK DS I salek awsis silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek .natakgninep imalagnem


xi

TCARTSBA

102 .airaM anA ,itparpuS 2 sllikS gnitirW dna gnidaeR yratnemelE gnivorpmI . fo edarG tsriF eht fo stnedutS no sdiA serutciP dna dohteM SAS gnisu

.2102/1102 fo raeY cimedacA eht ni loohcS yratnemelE narujnaG suisinaKsisehT . ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS ,DSGP :atrakaygoY

hcraeser sihT tI .hcraeseR naitcA moorssalC na sa dezirogatac saw

tsriF eht fo sllikS gnitirW dna gnidaeR yratnemelE eht raf woH“ tuoba dessucsid fo raeY cimedacA eht ni loohcS yratnemelE narujnaG suisinaK fo edarG

ciP dna dohteM SAS hguorht devorpmi eb dluoc 2102/1102 ”sdiA serut

na dna rehcaet htiw weivretni na gnivah htiw nugeb saw hcraeser sihT dewohs tI .loohcS yratnemelE narujnaG suisinaK fo edarg tsrif eht ta noitavresbo suisinaK fo edarg tsrif eht fo stneduts tsom fo slliks gnitirw dna gnidaer eht taht

E narujnaG ti ,melborp siht evlos ot troffe eht sA .wol llits saw loohcS yratnemel dna gnidaer yratnemele eht evorpmi ot sdia serutcip dna dohtem SAS desu saw

.slliks gnitirw

eciwt rof deilppa saw I selcyC .selcyc owt ni detcudnoc saw hcraeser sihTaw taht ,sgniteem ,41 rebmetpeS yadsendeW dna 1102 ,21 rebmetpeS yadnoM ,s

yadnoM ,saw taht ,sgniteem eciwt rof deilppa osla saw II selcyC .1102 erew atad ehT .1102 ,12 rebmetpeS yadsendeW dna 1102 ,91 rebmetpeS

sa yb nevig saw tnemsessa stneduts eht gnivig yb detcelloc ot stneduts eht gnik eht fo erocs egareva eht ,elcyc erp nI .ecnetnes ro egassap elpmis a etirw dna daer eht fo erocs egareva eht ,I selcyC nI .76 saw lliks gnitirw dna 96 saw lliks gnidaer

a eht ,II selcyC nI .96 saw lliks gnitirw dna 07 saw lliks gnidaer eht fo egarev ,detcudnoc saw taht tluser hcraesereht no desaB .47 saw slliks gnitirw dna gnidaer suisinaK fo edarg tsrif eht fo stneduts tsom fo slliks gnitirw dna gnidaer eht

devorpmi dah saw loohcS yratnemelE narujnaG


x

RATNAGNEP ATAK

rukuys ijuP nahapmil sata ,asE ahaM gnaY nahuT taridahek nakrutah ayas

tamhar nad hisak - ispirks nassilunep nakiaseleynem tapad silunep aggnihes ayN

.ini

siluneM nad acabmeM nalipmareteK natakgnineP“ ludujreb gnay ispirkS

M nad SAS edoteM nakanuggneM nagneD naalumreP awsiS adaP rabmaG aide

kutnu nususid ini ”2102/1102 narajaleP nuhaT narujnaG suisinaK DS I saleK

awsisaham nasululek tarays utas halas ihunemem S-I atanaS satisrevinU DSGP

.atrakaygoY amrahD

nanusuynep malaD ispirks nad naggnibmib naktapadnem pukuc silunep

halnaknanekrep ini natapmesek adap aggnihes ,kahip iagabreb irad nautnab

; tamohret gnay adapek hisakamiret nakpacugnem silunep

.1 satisrevinU DSGP iduts margorp autek ukales ,iS.M omonruP ijuP kapaB

goY amrahD atanaS .atrakay

.2 kapaB dP .M ,nimraK .Y.rD gnibmibmep nesod ukales , gnay rabas nagned

nanusuynep malad isavitom nad ,iskerok ,naharagnep ,nagnibmib nakirebmem

.ini ispirks

.3 narujnaG suisinaK DS halokes alapek ukales ,soS.S ,osotnaS iduB .YH kapaB

mem halet gnay .naitilenep nakukalem kutnu silunep adapek nizi nakireb

.4 gnay narujnaG suisinaK DS I salek ilaw ukales ,ineharguN iraH airaM ubI

suisinaK DS A I salek id naitilenep nakukalem itilenep nizi irebmem halet

eb naitilenep amales nautnab nakirebmem atres narujnaG .gnusgnalr


ix

.5 malad silunep utnabmem halet gnay narujnaG suisinaK DS A I salek awsiS

atad nalibmagnep

.6 nautnab nakirebmem gnay narujnaG suisinaK DS nawayrak nad urug araP

naitilenep naanaskalep malad nahadumek atres

.7 aicirtaP airaM ubI nad anayiguS surteP kapaB ,atnicret ubI nad kapaB

.tagnames nad ,nagnukud ,utser aod nakirebmem halet gnay ,hisramuS

.8 nad utser aod irebmem halet gnay ,harisraW .C ubI nad onsiraduS .M kapaB

.silunep igab nagnukud

.9 y onoysiR notnA gnabmaB nanalajrep ignipmadnem aites aynhisak nagned gna

.silunep pudih malad anraw irebmem nad

.01 irT idneF suirevaS suksisnarF nad itnasuS anitsugA ,rapi kakak nad kakaK

anraw sata ,owobiW - ini amales naaraduasrep inraw

.11 tabahaS - A ,itawakE atinauY ,hisakret tabahas edniC .FY ,arawsuK idE suinotn

ini ispirks nasilunep malad nautnab nad amasajrek ,nagnorod sata ignaW

.21 nanusuynep malad utnabmem halet gnay kahip aumes atreS ispirks .ini

awhab iradaynem siluneP ispirks ,anrupmes irad huaj hisam ini nupualaw

naikimed ilunep s ,urug ,acabmep igab taafnam irebmem tapad ini ispirks parahreb

acabmem nalipmaretek ianegnem naitilenep nakukalem gnay nial itilenep nupuam

naalumrep silunem nad

siluneP

itparpuS airaM anA


xii

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................................. i

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING .......................................... ii

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN .................................................................... iii

HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ................................................................. iv

MOTTO ...................................................................................................... v

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN KARYA ..................................................... vi

PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ........... vii

ABSTRAK ................................................................................................ viii

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................. ix

KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................... x

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................. xii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ..................................................................... 1

A. Latar Belakang .................................................................... 1

B. Rumusan Masalah ............................................................... 3

C. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................ 3

D. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 3

E. Batasan Istilah ..................................................................... 4

F. Sistematika Penyajian .......................................................... 5


xiii

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA .................................................................. 7

A. Membaca dan Menulis Permulaan ....................................... 7

B. Tujuan Pembelajaran Membaca dan Menulis Permulaan ..... 9

C. Metode Pembelajaran Membaca dan Menulis Permulaan .... 11

D. Metode SAS ........................................................................ 12

E. Alasan Memilih Metode SAS .............................................. 21

F. Upaya Untuk Mengatasi Kesulitan Dalam Penggunaan

Metode SAS dan Media Gambar ......................................... 24

G. Media Gambar .................................................................... 25

H. Kerangka Berpikir ............................................................... 27

I. Hipotesis Tindakan .............................................................. 28

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ................................................. 29

A. Jenis Penelitian .................................................................... 29

B. Seting Penelitian ................................................................. 30

C. Prosedur Penelitian .............................................................. 30

D. Instrumen ............................................................................ 38

E. Teknik Pengumpulan Data .................................................. 41

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ........................... 42

A. Deskripsi Data ..................................................................... 42

B. Analisis Data ....................................................................... 48

C. Pembahasan ........................................................................ 53


xiv

BAB V KESIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI DAN SARAN ............................. 56

A. Kesimpulan ......................................................................... 56

B. Implikasi ............................................................................. 57

C. Saran ................................................................................... 58

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 60

LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. 61

BIODATA ................................................................................................. 101


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A GNAKALEB RATAL

tek nakapurem silunem nad acabmeM e latnemadnuf gnay nalipmar

malad gnaroeses naupmamek natakgninep nad nagnabmekrep igab

nauhategnep nad isamrofni naasaugnep nakhugusid raseb naigabes gnay

.nasilut kutneb malad malaD isamrofni aumes ripmah nakididnep ainud

nad acabmem iulalem aggnihes nasilut kutneb malad awsis adapek nakijasid

,nauhategnep ,isamrofni iasaugnem atres helorepmem tapad awsis silunem

iapacnem kutnu nakanug akerem tapad aynrihka adap gnay nalipmartek nad

.naknigniid gnay rajaleb naujut

malad natilusek imalagnem hisam gnay awsis tikides kadiT

salek awsis kutnu aynsusuhk ,silunem nad acabmem awsiS .rasad halokes I

D halokeS I salek nakididnep ainud ikusamem urab gnay rasa lamrof hisam

lusek imalagnem alad nati laH .silunem nad acabmem m akitek tahilret ini

nagned narajalep itukignem tapad muleb awsis arap salek id narajalebmep

nakitahrepid kadit silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek lah malad akiJ .kiab

yntukireb rajaleb pahat adap natilusek imalagnem naka awsis akam .a

arajagneP naalumrep silunem nad acabmem n gnitnep tagnas igab

.ayntukireb pahat adap silunem nad acabmem naupmamek naiapacnep

gnay edoteM nakanugid ayntabmal tapec padahret huragnepreb naiapacnep


2

.awsis rajaleb lisah coc gnadnapid SAS edotem naanuggneP igab ko

.naalumrep acabmem narajagnep em nakanuggnem nagneD SAS edot nad

rabmag aidem idem nakanuggnem atres , kiranem atres iauses gnay rajaleb a

nalipmaretek naasaugnep malad hadum hibel tapad awsis nakparahid

silunem nad acabmem .naalumrep

edotem nad aideM utas halas nakapurem fitairav gnaruk gnay rajaleb

nad acabmem narajalebmep itukignem kutnu kiratret kadit awsis babeynep

.naalumrep silunem naparenep nagned ,takgnis fitaler gnay utkaw malaD

pahat nagned iauses nad ,aidesret gnay aidem nagned ,SAS edotem

awsis ,kana nagnabmekrep nakparahid acabmem tapad silunem nad .

edotem ,aut gnaro atres ,nagnukgnil ,urug nanarep gnipmas iD

huragnepreb tagnas nup iretam naiapmaynep malad tapet gnay narajalebmep

otem ini lah malaD .awsis rajaleb sesorp nalisahrebek malad SAS ed

acabmem narajagnep malad kococ tagnas gnay edotem utas halas nakapurem

,)47 : 1002( hisaiduB nad idhcuZ itayimraD turuneM .naalumrep silunem nad

iauses SAS edotem anerak gnipmas id sikisp nagnabmekrep pahat nagned

irp tunagnem aguj SAS edotem ,awsis kutneb awhab ,mumu asahab umli pisn

aguj SAS edotem uti nialeS .tamilak halada licekret gnay asahab

.iridnes uti awsis irad helorepid gnay ,awsis namalagnep nakgnutihrepmem

natamagnep nakrasadreB salek urug irad isamrofni atres am ada ak

ay halasam aparebeb gn :nial aratna ,awsis helo ipadahid s imalagnem awsi

anahredes tamilak silunem nad acabmem malad natilusek s , gnaruk awsi


3

jalebmep itukignem malad kiratret lumrep silunem nad acabmem nara aa ,n

s atres racnal nagned silunem nad acabmem tapad muleb awsi .

ragA el ini naitilenep akam ,naujut nagned iauses nad hararet hib

saleK id naalumreP siluneM nad acabmeM nalipmareteK“ ianegnem isatabid

SAS edoteM nakanuggneM nagned DS I rabmaG aideM nad “

B . HALASAM NASUMUR

tapad itilenep halasam gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB em sumur k na

halasam : rabmag aidem nakanuggnem nagned SAS edotem anam huajeS

ek naktakgninem tapad nalipmaret ?naalumrep silunem nad acabmem

C. NAITILENEP NAUJUT

kutnu halada ini naitilenep naujuT anam huajes nakispirksidnem

aidem nagned SAS edotem tapad rabmag awsis nalipmaretek naktakgninem

alad naalumrep silunem nad acabmem m tamilak acabmem tapad aggnihes

tapad atres tapet gnay isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem nagned anahredes

.raneb nagned anahredes tamilak uata ,atak ,furuh silunem

D . TAAFNAM NAITILENEP

tileneP ini nai nakparahid ,awsis ,urug igab taafnam irebmem tapad

.acabmep nad


4

.1 : urug igaB

aynsusuhk ,nagnabmitrep nahab nakidajid tapad ini naitilenep lisaH

iuhategnem urug uti nagnabmitrep nagneD .rasaD halokeS I salek urug

ayngnitnep raga SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned salek nakadnit nakukalem

nad acabmem malad awsis naupmamek naktakgninem nad habugnem tapad

.naalumrep silunem

.2 : awsis igaB

acabmem nalipmaretek naktakgninem tapad kutnu awsis utnabmeM

silunem nad m atres rav nakirebme silunem nad acabmem rajaleb nataigek isai

salek id .

.3 : acabmep igaB

nad acabmem gnatnet isamrofni atres nauhategnep nakirebmeM

silunem atres ,naalumrep m .SAS edotem gnatnet isamrofni nakirebme

E . HALITSI NASATAB

.1 naalumreP siluneM nad acabmeM

meM acab silunem nad rajaleb sesorp napahat nakapurem naalumrep

asahab igab lawa salek rasad halokes awsis nagned lanekid ini narajagneP .

arac naklanekrepmem naujut nagned )naalumreP siluneM acabmeM( PMM

kinket nagned silunem nad acabmem - apmas utnetret kinket kana nagned i

t kutneb malad nasagag nakpakgnugnem upmam tamilak nagned nasilu

.anahredes


5

.2 SAS edoteM

gnay edotem utas halas halada SAS edoteM rajaleb kutnu nakaidesid

S naalumrep salek id naalumrep silunem nad acabmem D nagned , hakgnal -

naksadnalreb hakgnal naklipmanem larutkurtS : naturu nagned lanoisarepo

nakukalem kitetniS ;naiarugnep sesorp nakukalem kitilanA ;nahurulesek

.alumes larutkurtS kutneb adapek ilabmek nagnubaggnep

.3 rabmaG aideM

s halada rabmag aideM adneb utau tapad gnay rabmag isireb gnay

nakfitkagnem kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay aredniacnap nagned itamaid

nad nakididnep sesorp malad awsis nad urug aratna iskaretni nad isakinumok

halokes id narajagnep

.4 edoteM

,nahilimep pukacnem gnay narajalebmep anacner halada edoteM

nanusuynep nad ,nautnenep atres ,nakrajaid naka gnay nahab sitametsis araces

.aynnagnabmegnep anamiagab nad idemer naadagnep nanikgnumek

F . NAIJAYNEP AKITAMETSIS

iridret ini naitileneP utiay bab amil irad I baB - .V I baB isireb

ratnagnep uduj nahilimep gnakaleb ratal taumem gnay ,halasam isakifitnedi ,l

,naitilenep taafnam ,naitilenep naujut ,halasam nasumur ,halasam nasatabmep

.nakukalid gnay naitilenep gnatnet halitsi nasatab II baB isireb akatsup naijak

gnay itupilem nad acabmem naitilenep nagned naveler gnay naitilenep


6

silunem naujut ,naalumrep silunem nad acabmem naitregnep ,naalumrep

,SAS edotem ,DS I salek id naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep

edotem naanuggnep nahamelek nad natilusek ,SAS edotem nahilimep nasala

isatagnem kutnu nakukalid tapad gnay ayapu atres ,SAS gnay natilusek

.SAS edotem naanuggnep nad ipadahid III baB naiaru apureb gnatnet

m ini baB .naitilenep igolodotem rudesorp ,naitilenep gnites gnatnet sahabme

kinket atres ,naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay tnemurtsni ,naitilenep

.atad nalupmugnep VI baB reb .naitilenep lisah nasahabmep gnatnet isi baB

V atres nakukalid gnay naitilenep irad nalupmisek gnatnet isireb putunep

.naras


7

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A naalumreP siluneM naD acabmeM

.1 naalumreP acabmeM

acabmem ,)65 : 1002( hisaiduB nad idhcuZ itayimraD turuneM

tafisreb gnay ,silut asahabreb naupmamek sinej utas halas nakapurem

acabmem nagned anerak fitpeser tubesiD .fitpeser naka gnaroeses

namalagnep nad ,nauhategnep umli ,isamrofni helorepmem - namalagnep

acab iulalem helorepid gnay aumeS .urab naknikgnumem naka uti na

gnaro paites ayad majatrepmem ,aynrikip ayad iggnitrepmem upmam

sisilana - aynnasawaw saulrepmem nad ,aynsisetnis naikimed nagneD . ,

helo nakulrepid tagnas gnay nataigek nakapurem acabmem nataigek

ais ninem nad ujam nigni gnay nupap uti babes helO .irid naktakg

utigeb gnay nanarep iaynupmem halokes id acabmem narajalebmep

.gnitnep

arep iaynupmem acabmem narajalebmeP nan gnitnep babes

narajalebmep iulalem sata id naktubesid halet gnay itrepes taafnam niales

kana naaisenodnignep sesorp malad kaynab taubreb tapad urug acabmem -

narajalebmep malad ,)92 : 2991( haidahkA turuneM .aisenodnI kana

anacaw hilimem tapad urug ,acabmem - nakhadumem gnay anacaw

ialin namananep - ek ialin - aisenodnI - anacaw aynlasim ,kidid kana adap na


8

,naaratnasunek ,nanawalhapek ,lanoisan hokot nagned natiakreb gnay

tapad urug ,acabmem narajagnep iulalem ,uti nialeS .naatasiwirapek nad

ialin nakgnabmegnem - lin sativitaerk nad ,ralanreb naupmamek ,larom ia

.awsis

narajalebmeP narajalebmep nakapurem DS I salek id acabmem

DS I salek id awsis helorepid gnay acabmem naupmameK .lawa pahat

helO .ayntukireb salek id acabmem narajalebmep rasad idajnem naka

p ,uti anerak igab gnitnep tagnas DS I salek id acabmem narajalebme

.ayntujnales acabmem naupmamek naasaugnep rasad kutnu awsis

.2 naalumreP siluneM

akam ,I salek kajes ,inid kajes nakrajaid acabmem naupmameK

nay lah kaynaB .alup inid kajes nakrajaid nup silunem naupmamek ulrep g

halokeS id lawa takgnit adap silunem narajalebmep malad nakitahrepid

halnakub lawa gnay takgnit id awsis adap silunem nakrajagneM .rasaD

namalagnep ikilimem muleb awsis nakaynabek babes ,hadum gnay lah

.pukuc gnay lawa

atek atik halet gnay itrepeS tek nahitalep awhab iuh e nalipmar

itayimraD turuneM .IV salek nagned iapmas nakadaid ,DS id silunem

I salek id nakrajaid gnay naupmamek ,)17 : 1002( hisaiduB nad idhcuZ

,uti anerak helO .naalumrep uata lawa pahat naupmamek nakapurem

id silunem narajalebmep .naalumrep silunem narajalebmep tubesid I salek

sinej utas halas nakapurem silunem naupmameK nalipmaretek

silunem naupmamek aynitra ,fitkudorp tafisreb gnay silut asahabreb


9

nakapurem nalipmaretek nakapurem siluneM .nasilut naklisahgnem gnay

tek e y nalipmar nakpakgnugnem naupmamek nakulrepid ,hadum kadit gna

.ukab nad fitkefe gnay asahab nagned ,sigol araces nasagag nad narikip

naupmameK - iulalem helorepid tapad uti nakulrepid gnay naupmamak

pahat aynlasim ,pahat aparebeb iulalem utiay gnajnap gnay sesorp

unem adap iapmas mulebeS .tujnal silunem pahat aggnih naalumrep sil

.)naalumrep takgnit( lawa takgnit irad ialum surah awsis ,silunem pahat

,naalumrep takgnit adap helorepid gnay nalipmaretek nad nauhategneP

ales awsis naupmamek nagnabmegnep rasad idaajnem naka .ayntujn

aynlasiM nakanug ai tapad ayntujnales gnay furuh lanegnem tapad awsis :

tek nakgnabmegnem kutnu e .ayntujnales silunem nalipmar

.B naalumreP siluneM naD acabmeM narajalebmeP naujuT

.1 DS I saleK id naalumreP acabmeM naujuT

gnay acabmem naupmameK naalumrep acabmem adap helorepid

iagabeS .tujnal acabmem naupmamek padahret huragnepreb tagnas naka

naupmamek akam ayntukireb naupmamek irasadnem gnay naupmamek

raneb naalumrep acabmem - akij babes ,urug naitahrep nakulremem raneb

adap ,tauk kadit uti rasad imalagnem naka awsis tujnal acabmem pahat

.)iadamem gnay tujnal acabmem naupmamek iasaugnem tilus( natilusek

gnay gnaro paites helo nakulrepid tagnas acabmem naupmamek lahadaP

,rikip ayad ,namalagnep nad nauhategnep saulrepmem nigni

,naralanep majatrepmem .irid natakgninep nad naujamek iapacnem kutnu


01

I salek urug nup anamiagab isautis malad ,uti babes helO

huggnus ahasureb halsurah - ek hitalem tapad ai raga huggnus nalipmaret

tapad naka uti laH .aynkidid kana adapek iadamem gnay acabmem rasad

ulalem dujuwret ada ulrep ,kiab gnay narajalebmep naanaskalep i

.aynnagnabmegnep nupuam ,edotem ,iretam ianegnem kiab ;naanacnerep

,)93 : 1002( hisaiduB nad idhcuZ itayimraD turuneM

acabmem narajalebmep nakapurem DS I salek id acabmem narajalebmep

lebmep naujuT .naalumrep salek id naalumrep acabmem pahat adap naraja

hisam gnay kinket acabmem naupmamek adap naknaketid amaturet ,ini I

.lafal nad isanotni narajawek adap satabret

.2 DS I saleK id naalumreP siluneM naujuT

naupmamek nakulremem gnay nataigek nakapurem siluneM

b gnay nial aratna nakulrepid gnay naupmameK .skelpmok tafisre

b naupmamek igol nad rutaret araces rikipre s naupmamek ,

nagned ,salej araces nasagag uata narikip nakpakgnugnem em nakanuggn

nagned silunem silut hadiak nakparenem naupmamek ,fitkefe gnay asahab

,raneb .nagnat iraj farays atres toto isanidrook ulrep atres

naupmameK - helorepid tapad uti nakulrepid gnay naupmamek

silunem tapad takgnit adap iapmas mulebeS .gnajnap gnay sesorp iulalem

irad ialum ,naalumrep takgnit ,lawa takgnit irad ialum surah awsis ,

negnep gnabmal nala - gnay naupmamek nad nauhategneP .iynub gnabmal

naalumrep silunem narajalebmep adap naalumrep takgnit adap helorepid

nagnabmegnep nad natakgninep malad rasad idajnem naka ,uti


11

akam ,kiab nad tauk uti rasad alibapA .ayntujnales awsis naupmamek

ad . alup kiab naka nup aynnagnabmegnep nakparahid tap

silunem narajalebmep malad iapacid kadneh gnay naujut nupadA

naalumrep : halada I salek id

)a atak naksilunem upmam awsiS - nagned anahredes tamilak nad atak

.raneb gnay furuh kutneb

)b ek naksilunem upmam awsiS irahes nataig - tamilak nagned irah -

.anahredes tamilak

)c adneb gnatnet silunem nad nakatirecnem upmam awsiS - gnay adneb

.anahredes tamilak nagned aynratikes id lanekid

.C naalumreP siluneM naD acabmeM narajalebmeP edoteM

.1 edoteM drac hsalf .

edoteM draC hsalF nakukalid aynnaijaynep gnay edotem halada

gnalureb araces - apureb aidem nakanuggnem nagned tapec nad gnalu

rabmagreb atak utrak )drac hsalf( naigabid atak nad naped naigab id

edotem nakanuggnem nagneD .gnakaleb draC hsalF fitka tapad awsis

rajalebmep malad .aynsativitaerk nakgnabmegnem upmam nad na

.2 agabmeL ataK edoteM

arac nakanuggnem aynnaparenep malad agabmel atak edoteM

atak nakijasid awsis adapeK .atak nakiakgnarem nad iarugnem - utiay ,atak

esret ataK .awsis helo lanekid halet gnay atak uata agabmel atak tub


21

furuh uti haleteS .furuh idajnem atak ukus ,atak ukus idajnem nakiaruid

.atak idajnem iakgnarid atak ukus nad ,atak ukus idajnem igal iakgnarid

.3 dajba nagned ajegnem edoteM

narajalebmep edotem halada dajba nagned ajegnem edoteM

ned naalumrep acabmem nag hakgnal - uata nalanegnep hakgnal acabmem

furuh , atak ukus nakgnubaggnem ,atak ukus idajnem furuh iakgnarem

amal pukuc utkaw nakamem aynasaib ini edoteM .tamilak idajnem .

.4 labolg edoteM

anerak ada labolg edoteM G igolokisp narila irad huragnep ,tlatse

b gnay ankamreb hibel naka nautasek uata natalubek awhab tapadnepre

naigab halmuj adapirad - ini edotem ,aynnaparenep malaD .aynnaigab

haduses ,acabid kutnu tamilak aparebeb awsis adapek naklanekrepmem

dumek ,furuh nad ,atak ukus ,atak idajnem nakiaruid tamilak uti furuh nai

jnem atak ukus ,atak ukus idajnem iakgnarid idajnem atak nad ,atak ida

ilak .igal tam

.D edoteM SAS

edoteM hakgnal halada asahab narajalebmep - narajalebmep hakgnal

araces nanusuynep nad ,nautnenep ,nahilimep pukacnem gnay ,asahab

idimer naadagnep nanikgnumek atres ,nakrajaid naka gnay nahab kitametsis

nep nad ,nautnenep ,nahilimeP .aynnagnabmegnep anamiagab nad nanusuy

hadum tapad raja nahab raga nakduskamid ,kitametsis araces raja nahab


31

gnay natakednep adap nakrasadid uti aumeS .awsis helo iasaukid nad paresid

reb nakutnetid edotem utaus awhab salej ,uti lah tahileM .tunaid nakrasad

tunaid gnay natakednep , nagned rasad nakapurem natakednep nial atak

nautnenep nad nahilimep pukacnem edoteM .nakanugid gnay edotem utnenep

atres nanusuynep ,raja nahab mer naadagnep nanikgnumek i nad id

.tubesret raja nahab nagnabmegnep

iapacid kadneh gnay naujut nakutnenem urug haleteS ialum ai ,

,uti haduseS .narajalebmep naujut nagned iauses gnay raja nahab hilimem

nagned nakiausesid ,uti hilipid halet gnay raja nahab nakrabajnem urug

aleb ratal atres ,nahutubek ,naupmamek takgnit ,aisu takgnit nagnukgnil gnak

naidumeK .awsis aja nahab nususid tubesret r ay ,narakusek takgnit turunem uti

urug uti gnipmas iD .rakus hibel gnay adap tujnalreb hadum gnay irad

nem arac alup nakanacnerem g atres ,idimer nakadagnem ,aynisaulave

nad acabmem narajalebmep malaD .tujnal hibel raja nahab nakgnabmegnem

narajalebmep ,SAS edotem nakanuggnem I salek DS id naalumrep silunem

y ,pahat aud malad igabid utia .ukub nagned pahat nad ukub apnat pahat

.1 naalumreP acabmeM

.a .ukub apnat SAS edotem nagned naalumrep acabmeM

edotem nagned naalumrep acabmem pahat adaP apnat SAS

arac nagned nakanaskalid narajalebmep ukub - : tukireb iagabes arac


41

)1 .awsis asahab makereM

DS I salek awsis halokes ikusamem amatrep irah adaP

haloes aribmeg hajaw nagned aynurug helo tubmasid - halo

itnanid gnay umat nagnatadek nakitnanem - nnakitnan utaS .ay

awsis naidumeK .urug helo nakaynatid awsis aman utasrep

.awsis nagned urug aratna bawaj aynat halidajreT .bawajnem

pakacreb ,aynuames kudud awsis halnakraiB - nagned pakac

urug audek irah adaP .salek isautis tahilem atres ,aynnamet

em awsis kajagnem kujnunem libmaS .halokes naadaek lanegn

hallucnuM .bawajnem awsiS .aynatreb urug halokes nubek

tamilak - nad ,”sugab agnuB“ ,”halokes nubek utI“ ,tamilak

tamilak tatacnem urug nalanekreb libmaS .ayniagabes - tamilak

ala aidesret aliB .awsis helo nakpacuid gnay naaracibmep aynt

tamilaK .awsis asahab makerem ;makerid tapad awsis - tamilak

.naalumrep acabmem nahab nakidajid naka gnay halini

)2 .atirecreb libmas rabmag naklipmaneM

amatrep kutnu salek ikusamem awsis utkaw adaP

rabmag tahilem akerem aynilak - nagret rabmag gnidid adap gnut

rabmag libmagnem uruG .salek - adap gnutnagret gnay rabmag

atirec malad nakgnubuhid nalaj nagneD .salek gnidnid - urug atirec

naklipmatid uti rabmag ,awsis nad urug aratna bawaj aynat uata

tiakid uata lenalp napap adap naklepmetid utasrep utas adap nak

tamilak halucnum rabmag nalipmanep paiteS .ilat napap - tamilak


51

nakharagnem uruG .uti rabmag nagned iauses gnay awsis

rabmag paites kutnu nakulrepid gnay tamilak haubes aynlucnum

adaP .awsis helo tagniid hadum nad nakpacuid hadum gnay

ap id aynrihka nad rabmag haub aparebeb gnapmapret lenalp nap

.awsis helo acabid tapad gnay tamilak

)3 .rabmag acabmeM

gnades gnay ubi gnaroes rabmag naktahilrepmem uruG

awsis naidumeK .”ubi ini“ nakpacugnem libmas ,upas gnagemem

nagned tubesret rabmag acabmem naktujnalem .urug nagnibmib

)4 .tamilak utrak nagned rabmag acabmeM

,racnal nagned rabmag acabmem tapad awsis haleteS

kutnU .rabmag hawab id tamilak utrak naktapmenem urug

apureb aidem nakanugid tapad aynnaanaskalep nakhadumem

rp malad raga ,lenalp napap uata piles napap nakiarugnem seso

ubaggnem nad .hadum hibel naka ilabmek nakgn

)5 .)S( larutkurts araces tamilak acabmeM

,rabmag hawab id nasilut acabmem tapad awsis haleteS

tapad akerem aggnihes ignarukid rabmag tikides imed tikides

ataigek malaD .rabmag utnabid apnat acabmem nakanugid ini n

utrak - nagneD .piles napap uata lenalp napap atres tamilak utrak

.tamilak halada awsis acabid gnay akam ,rabmag aynnakgnalihid


61

;aynlasiM ukub ini

anin ukub ini

idub ukub ini

idud ukub ini

)6 .)A( kitilana sessorP

acabmeM uti tamilak sisilanagnem halialum ,tamilak

.furuh idajnem atak ukus ,atak ukus idajnem atak ,atak idajnem

:aynlasiM

ukub ini

ini __________ ukub

in i _____________ uk ub

i i n ________________ u k u b

)7 .)S( kitetnis sesorP

awsis haleteS furuh lanegnem - gnay tamilak malad furuh

furuh ,nakanugid - ukus ,atak ukus idajnem iakgnarid uti furuh

.alumes itrepes tamilak idajnem atak nad ,atak idajnem atak

:aynlasiM

i n i u k u b

in i ub uk

ini ukub

ukub ini


71

: fitaerk sisetniS

k i n u u b i

kin u ub i

kinu ubi

inu ubi k

:tukireb iagabes tubesret SAS sesorp ,hutu araceS

ukub ini

ini ukub

in i uk ub

i n i u k u b

in i uk ub

ini ukub

ukub ini


81

fitaerk sisetnis nakanuggnem nagned SAS edotem sesorp ,hutu araceS

: tukireb iagabes

ukub inI

ukub ini

in i uk ub

i n i u k u b

ub i kin u

ubi kinu

kinu ubi

.b SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep acabmem pahaT

.ukub nagned

adap tapadret gnay furuh aumes ,)61 : 0891( omoM turuneM

naalumrep acabmem malad nakrajaid halet )aI dilij( amatrep ukub

ak helO .ukub apnat awsis helo acabid gnay amatrep ukub uti aner

rajaleb kajes awsis irajalepid halet gnay naacab nahab isireb

dirum acabmem racnalep nakapurem ini ukuB .naalumrep acabmem

adap raseb narukureb furuh acabmem naasaibek nakhadnimem kutnu

naacab adapek silut napap acabmem pahat malaD .nasilut ukub malad

ukub nagned SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep , awsis

ukub nakanuggnem nagned acabmem rajaleb kaynab hibel nakrajaid

.rajaleb aidem iagabes


91

.2 naalumreP siluneM

DS awsis igab kococ tagnas SAS edotem tagnigneM salek

gnatnet tujnal hibel nakaracibid naka ini naigab malad akam hadner

.naalumrep silunem rajalebmep

hakgnal nakukalem urug ,SAS edotem naparenep malaD - iagabes hakgnal

;tukireb

.a tamilak uti haleteS .anahredes tamilak haubes naksilunem uruG

awsis ,acabid .aynnilaynem

.b hasipid uata nakiaruid tubesret tamilaK - atak malad ek nakhasip - .atak

atak nilaynem awsis acabid haleteS - nakukalid gnay itrepes uti atak

.urug

.c ataK - ukus sata igal nakiaruid uti tamilak malad atak - .aynatak ukus

us nilaynem awsis ,acabid haleteS uk - gnay itrepes uti atak ukus

.urug nakukalid

.d ukuS - furuh sata igal nakiaruid uti atak ukus - awsiS .aynfuruh

.urug nakukalid gnay itrepes nilaynem

.e furuh ,tujnal hibel naksalejnem urug haleteS - igal iakgnarid uti furuh

trepes nakukalem awsiS .atak ukus idajnem .urug nakukalid gnay i

.f ukus nakiakgnarem urug ,iaseles awsis aumes haleteS - atak ukus

.nilaynem awsis ,atak idajnem

.g ataK - itrepes tamilak idajnem aggnihes igal iakgnarid tubesret atak

umes as gnay lah nakukalem awsiS .al .urug itrepes am


02

m naka uruG :aynlasiM .y nad s :urab furuh nakrajagne

i ,m ,n ,a :awsis lanekid hadus gnay furuH

inan ayas aman :tamilaK

:narajalebmeP

inan ayas aman

ayas aman inan

am an ay as in an

a m a n a y a s i n a n

in an ay as am an

aman ayas inan

inan ayas aman

uretes halnaikimeD ukus ,tamilak lanegnem awsis aggnihes ayns

.aynnaksilunem tapad nad ,furuh ,atak

.3 .udapreT naalumreP siluneM nad acabmeM

nakrajaid tapad naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajalebmeP

,)54 : 1002( hisaiduB nad idhcuZ itayimraD turuneM .udapret araces

akitek tapad sugilakes urug ,tamilak uata atak silunem nakrajagnem urug

alup anamiagab nad ,aynlafalem ,aynacabmem anamiagab nakrajagnem

nakrajaid awsis silunem rajaleb awsis akitek : aynlasiM .aynnaaje


12

abmem nad ,atak ,atak ukus ,furuh pait naklafalem anamiagab aynac

eb malad n kut tamilak .

.E SAS edoteM hilimeM apagneM nasalA

acabmem narajagnep malad SAS edotem nahilimep ,aynrasad adaP

itayimraD tawel kkd idayirpuS turuneM .amas halada naalumrep silunem nad

hilimem apagnem nasala ,)47 : 1002( hisaiduB nad idhcuZ SAS edotem

: anerak halada kococ nad kiab gnadnapid

.1 gnay asahab awhab ,mumu asahab umli pisnirp tunagnem SAS edoteM

.tamilak halada licekret

.2 .awsis asahab namalagnep nakgnutihrepmem SAS edoteM

.3 .iridnes nakumenem pisnirp tunagnem SAS edoteM

nasala nialeS narajagnep kutnu kococ SAS edotem nahilimep ,sata id

nasadnal tapadret anerak ,naalumrep silunem nad acabmem - edotem nasadnal

.naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajagnnep malad iauses gnay SAS

ru naksadnalreb gnay aynlanoisarepo malad ,)8 : 0891( omoM turuneM natu

nakgnubaggnem ,kitilana ;nahurulesek kutneb naklipmanem ,larutkurts

nasadnal nagned nalajes ini laH .igal larutkurts kutneb adapek ilabmek -

:tukireb iagabes lautpesnok nasadnal


22

.1 kitsiugniL nasadnaL

.a .nasilut nakub ,napacu uti asahaB

ses akiteK asahabreb kajaid halet ai ainud ek rihal gnaroe

ainud hurules id aisunaM .napacu apureb uti asahaB .aynubi helo

.napacu apureb gnay asahab nakanuggnem aynnapudihek malad ini

id nasilut nakanuggnem furuh lanegnem gnay takaraysam haluraB

kanuggnem gnipmas irahes pudih naulrepek kutnu napacu na - .irah

.b .tamilak halada asahab rusnU

tamilak nakpacugnem gnaro ,asahabreb malaD - .tamilak

haubes nakpacuid gnay nikgnuM .atak nakpacugnem hanrep kadiT

tak ipatet ,atak tamilak iagabes isgnufreb uti a

.c dnI asahaB .iridnesret rutkurts iaynupmem aiseno

nagned adebreb gnay rutkurts iaynupmem asahab paiteS

adap rasadreb nakgnabmekid aisenodnI asahaB .aynnial asahab

imalagnem halet aisenodnI asahaB .)uyaleM asahab( haread asahab

adap irad tasep hibel gnay nagnabmekrep asahab - .haread asahab

)8 : 0891 ,omoM(

.2 kanA asahaB nagnabmekreP nasadnaL

.a .kana asahab isnetoP

ubi asahabreb iadnap halet DS kusam aisureb gnay awsiS

awsiS .aynratikes nagnukgnil nad agraulek malad naluagrep lisah


32

ed adebreb huaj aynubi asahab gnay nagned ,aisenodnI asahab nagn

nakragnednem alup tapmes gnarakes napudihek nagnabmekrep

isnetop iaynupmem ai DS ikusamem awsis akiteK .aisenodnI asahab

nad acabmem narajagnep malad nakgnabmekid surah gnay asahab

.naalumrep silunem

.b ana asahab namalagneP .k

malad namalagnep lisah awsis ikilimid gnay asahaB

nakapurem nad larutkurts tafisreb nagnukgnil nad agraulek

naruta nakrikimem apnat asahabreb awsis natnops araceS .naasaibek -

)8 : 0891( omoM .asahab naruta

.3 kigogadeP nasadnaL

.a d isnetop nakgnabmegneM .awsis namalagnep na

nad agraulek malad awsis namalagnep nad isnetoP

id narajagneP .halokes id nakgnabmekid aynratikes nagnukgnil

gnay namalagnep nasaulrep nad nahabmatrep nakapurem halokes

nagned adebreb huaj kadit gnay anasaus nagned naumliek apureb

saus .aynratikes nagnukgnil nad agraulek ana

.b nad ,nakhacemem ,iracnem tapad raga awsis gnibmibmeM

.halasam utaus nabawaj nakumenem

,narajagnep naiapmaynep malad nasadnal nakidajid ini laH

lah malad kididret awsis raga - aynnapudihek malaD .uti itrepes lah


42

ulrep gnay halasam macam utas ubires nakumenem naka awsis kalek

)9 : 0891( omoM .aynnabawaj nakumetid nad nakhacepid

.4 kigolokisP nasadnaL

.a .)satilatot( labolg tafisreb amatrep natamagneP

araces adneb itamagnem )aisunam( awsis aynlawa adaP

,nahurulesek halada natagni malad kapmat ilak amatrep nad labolg(

.)uti adneb irad nugnab satilatot

.b .)uhat nigni( tilem tafis ikilimem halokes aisu awsiS

awsis irid malad tapadret gnay )uhat nigni( tilem tafiS

gnay adneb sisilanagnem kutnu nanigniek naklubminem halet

,aynnenopmok naksapelem ,kasurem awsiS .labolg araces naklanekid

ab nakhasimem nad naig - rusnu idajnem adneb naigab - gnay rusnu

naigab irad isgnuf iuhategnem haleteS .licek gnilap - lubmit ,uti naigab

naigab ilabmek nakiakgnarem kutnu nanigniek - uti naigab idajnem

)01 : 0891( omoM .aynirid igab ankamreb hibel gnay kutneb

.F ayapU - edoteM naanuggneP malaD natiluseK isatagneM kutnU ayapU

rabmaG aideM nagneD SAS

narajagnep naanaskalep malad SAS edotem naanuggnep nahameleK

I salek id naalumrep silunem nad acabmem urug helo isataid tapad aynah ,DS

silunem nad acabmem rajagnem rajaleb nataigek malaD .fitaerk gnay

tapad gnay ,lamiskam araces aidem naktaafnamem tapad urug naalumrep


52

isnirp nakitahrepmem nagned nakaidesid - aggnihes ,SAS edotem pisnirp

narajalebmep naujut .iapacret tapad

ahasu uti nialeS - : nakukalid tapad gnay nial ahasu

.1 helo nupuam awsis helo kiab uakgnajid tapad gnay aidem nakanuggneM

id helorepid tapad gnay aidem nakanuggnem nagned ;aynlasim ,urug

.halokes nupuam awsis ratikes

.2 gnay urug ahasu nakulrepiD huggnus - naanaskalep malad huggnus

tapad awsis aggnihes naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajagnep

nad acabmem narajalebmep iretam imahamem kutnu hadum hibel nagned

.I salek DS id naalumrep silunem

.3 ad awsis aut gnaro nagned alup kiab gnay amasajrek nakulrepiD mal

gnukudnem tapad gnay ,halokes maj raul id rajaleb nataigek nauatnamep

.naalumrep silunem nad acabmem naujut ayniapacret

.4 nakiausesid gnay narajalebmep iretam uata raja nahab nakanuggneM

.awsis naadaek nagned

.G rabmaG aideM

nital asahab irad lasareb aideM utiay suidem haifarah araces gnay

halada aidem barA asahab malaD .itnaggnep uata aratnarep nagnat itrareb

nasep amirenep ek mirignep irad nasep ratnagnep uata aratnarep

2,anaiR( halada nakididnep aideM .)6:800 gnay kinket nad ,edotem ,tala

aratna iskaretni nad isakinumok nakfitkagnem hibel akgnar malad nakanugid

,kilamaH( halokes id narajagnep nad nakididnep sesorp malad awsis nad urug


62

nakfitkefegnem hibel raga urug isakinumok tala nakapurem aideM .)32:6791

sorp .rajagnem nad rajaleb se nakdujuwid gnay utauses alages halada rabmaG

.naasarep nad narikip naharuc iagabes isnemid aud kutneb malad lausiv araces

halada naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep malad rabmag aideM

nakanugid gnay rabamag apureb gnay tala awsis raga narajalebmep malad

.hadum hibel nagned isamrofni pareynem tapad

iric )22 : 6791( kilamaH turuneM - gnay aidem irad mumu iric

: halada narajalebmep malad nakanugid

.1 gnay naagarepek naitregnep nagned kitnedi narajalebmep malad aideM

ak irad lasareb ad gnay adneb utaus itrareb gnay ”agar“ at ,abarid tap

ad nad ,ragnedid tap acnap nakanuggnem nagned itamaid dni ar

.2 malad isakinumok akgnar malad nakanugid narajalebmep aideM

awsis nad urug aratna narajagnep

.3 da narajalebmep aideM rajaleb utnab tala macames hala rajagnem nad

salek raul nupuam salek malad kiab

.4 ideM kepsa gnudnagnem narajalebmep a tare tagnas gnay tala iagabes

narajalebmep nataigek malad nakanugid gnay edotem nagned aynnatiak

salek malad

lausiv araces nakkujnunem gnay rabmag halada rabmag aideM

lad aidem nakanugid nasalA .utnetret kejbo utaus isnemid aud kutneb ma

nagned naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep malad rabmag

imahamem awsis hadumrepmem kutnu halada SAS edotem nakanuggnem

tsilaer hibel idajnem aggnihes urug helo nakijasid gnay tamilak .si


72

:tukireb iagabes nahibelek ikilimem rabmag aideM

)1 aggnihes ukab nahab iagabes satrek nakanuggnem rabmag aideM

harum fitaler aynagrah

)2 ipokotofmem tapad urug aynnaktapadnem kutnu ,tapadid haduM

)3 am nagned tahilid pukuc ini aidem naanuggnep ,nakanugid haduM ajas at

atreynep iagabes nial tala naanuggnep apnat

)4 halasam naksalejnem tapaD

)5 sitsilaer hibeL

)6 natamagnep nasatabretek isatagnem utnabmem tapaD

)7 utkaw nad gnaur nasatabretek isatagnem tapaD

.H rikipreB akgnareK

halada ini lah malad ipadahid gnay halasaM id awsis aynkaynab

.silunem nad acabmem natilusek imalagnem gnay DS I salek malaD

naitileneP( KTP naitilenep sinej nakanuggnem itilenep ,ini naitilenep

kutnU .narujnaG suisinaK DS id nakanaskalid naka gnay )saleK nakadniT

acabmem nalipmaretek naktakgninem nakukalem naka itilenep ,silunem nad

b gnay naitilenep ipmareteK natakgnineP“ ludujre al n siluneM nad acabmeM

.rabmaG aideM nad SAS edoteM nakanuggneM nagned naalumreP

acabmeM silunem nad rajaleb sesorp napahat nakapurem naalumrep

asahab igab halokes awsis nagned lanekid ini narajagneP .lawa salek rasad

arac naklanekrepmem naujut nagned )naalumreP siluneM acabmeM( PMM

kinket nagned silunem nad acabmem - kana nagned iapmas utnetret kinket


82

tamilak nagned nasilut kutneb malad nasagag nakpakgnugnem upmam

anahredes . gnay edotem utas halas halada SAS edoteM kutnu nakaidesid

naalumrep salek id naalumrep silunem nad acabmem rajaleb nagned , hakgnal -

naklipmanem larutkurtS : naturu nagned lanoisarepo naksadnalreb hakgnal

;naiarugnep sesorp nakukalem kitilanA ;nahurulesek nakukalem kitetniS

.alumes larutkurtS kutneb adapek ilabmek nagnubaggnep rabmag aideM

acnap nagned itamaid tapad gnay rabmag isireb gnay adneb utaus halada dni ar

aratna iskaretni nad isakinumok nakfitkagnem kutnu nakanugid tapad gnay

malad awsis nad urug halokes id narajagnep nad nakididnep sesorp

acabmem narajalebmep malad SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagneD

silunem nad awsis nakparahid aidesret gnay aidem nagned nad ,naalumrep

acabmem nalipmaretek naktakgninem tapad naalumrep silunem nad s , aggnihe

kadit awsis pahat adap acabmem rajaleb malad natilusek imalagnem

.ayntukireb

.I nakadniT sisetopiH

B nakrasadre nad iroet naijak ilunep ,sata id rikipreb akgnarek s

nakadnit sisetopih naksumurem : tukireb iagabes

“ SAS edotem iulaleM rabmag aidem nagned arajalebmep malad acabmem n

naalumrep naalumrep silunem nad , acabmem nalipmaretek silunem nad awsis

takgninem tapad lutnaB netapubaK ,narujnaG suisinaK DS I salek .


92

III BAB

NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM

.A naitileneP sineJ

et naitileneP naktakgninem tapad SAS edotem naanuggnep gnatn

mret ini DS I salek id naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek kusa

salek nakadnit naitilenep ikiabrepmem kutnu naujutreb ini naitilenep anerak

utum ikiabrepmem kutnu atres naksaumem gnaruk gnay naadaek

nakiabrep adap isatneiroreb salek nakadnit naitileneP .salek id narajalebmep

’nakadnit‘ malad nakgnautid gnay nahaburep nakukalem nagned nakididnep .

m kutnu nakukalid gnay salek nakadnit naitileneP nad naktakgnine

nakiabrep nad natakgnineP .salek id narajalebmep kitkarp ikiabrepmem

suret araces nakukalid ulrep narajalebmep kitkarp - surenem naitileneP .

ikiabrepmem kutnu urug igab arac utas halas nakapurem salek nakadnit

P .salek id narajalebmep kitkarp nakanuggnem nagned salek nakadnit naitilene

hid nakukalid gnay SAS edotem nalipmaretek naktakgninem tapad nakpara

hisam DS I salek id awsis raseb naigabes gnay ,awsis silunem nad acabmem

.natilusek imalagnem


03

.B eS t naitileneP gnit

.1 jbuS naitilenep ke

jbuS ke DS I salek awsis halada ini natilenep malad itiletid naka gnay

73 halmujreb gnay ,lutnaB orupilgnabmaB oylumodiS ,narujnaG suisinaK

.awsis

.2 utkaW naitilenep

,I sulkiS .sulkis 2 irad iridret gnay ,uggnim 2 halada naitilenep amaL

naumetrep ilak 2 nakukalid .)pJ 2( narajalep maj 2 naumetrep paites nad ,

pJ 2 naumetrep paites nad ,naumetrep ilak 2 nakanacnerid II ek sulkiS

.3 naitilenep isakoL

ini DS .I salek awsis adap narujnaG suisinaK DS id nakukalid naitileneP

ased ,hoyadogoJ nusud iD .samaS malaj rumit halebes id katelret

.lutnaB netapubaK ,orupilgnabmaB natamaceK ,oylumrebmuS

.C naitileneP rudesorP

.1 reP napais

.a eM subalis nusuyn

ususid subaliS isnetepmoK nad isnetepmoK radnatS nagned iauses n

.nakpatetid halet gnay rasad


13

.b PPR nusuyneM

DS I salek id narajalebmep ,kitamet PPR halada nakanugid gnay PPR

nagned utas gnay narajalep aggnihes ,kitamet narajalebmep halada

gnilas nial gnay narajalep naktiakid

.c SKL nusuyneM

malad awsis rajaleb nataigek malad naudnap iagabes nususid SKL

helo nakukalid naka gnay itni nataigek gnatnet isireb SKL .salek

.salek id rajaleb sesorp malad urug nagned amasreb awsis

.d isaulave nusuyneM

egnem kutnu nakanugid isaulavE awsis nalisahrebek takgnit iuhat

,ajrenik tset halada nakanugid naka gnay isaulavE .rajaleb malad

gnay isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem nagned gnirayn acabmem utiay

.tapet

.2 nakadniT anacneR

.a sulkiS ( I pJ 4 ,naumetrep ilak 2 )

)1 eR nakadnit anacn

p nakirebmem uruG silunem nad acabmem narajagne

naumetrep adaP .SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep

.atak utrak nad rabmag aidem nakanuggnem urug amatrep

utrak anam id ,asaib SAS halada nakanugid gnay SAS edoteM

,atak idajnem nakiaru id naka anahredes tamilak atak ukus nad ,

atak ,atak ukus idajnem ilabmek nususid furuh irad nad ,furuh

utrak nad rabmag naanuggneP .anahredes tagnas tamilak nad


23

rajaleb malad awsis hadumrepmem raga nakparahid tamilak

malad kiratret nikames awsis nakidajnem atres acabmem

acabmem narajalebmep awsis ,urug nautnab nagneD .naalumrep

anahredes tamilak gnirayn araus nagned acabmem rajaleb naka

awsis ,acabmem awsis haleteS .urug helo nakpaisid halet gnay

acabid halet gnay anahredes tamilak silunem uata hotnocnem

)2 anacner nakisasilaerem : naanaskaleP nususid halet gnay

)3 atad nalupmugneP

: arac nagned nakanaskalid atad nalupmugneP

)a tsil kcehC

adnat irebmem itileneP ( kcehc molok adap )√

gnatnet naataynrep halmujes gnatnet isireb gnay ,utnetret

nanikgnumek - uata isidnok ,isautis ,atad utaus nanikgnumek

.keybus utaus ukalirep

: hotnoC

oN kanA amaN

ukalireP acabmeM

nagned furuhracnal

acabmeMatak

acabmeM tamilakanahredes

acabmeM nad lafal nagned

gnay isanotnitapet

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 2 A aveR anitsugA . 3 W nidnaD sutreblA . 4 tnA . orotnairpA irT 5 B. S uyA haiD .


33

)b natamagneP

: itamaid gnay kepsA

.1 sarek araus nagned acabmeM

.2 raneb nagned furuh acabmeM

.3 raneb nagned atak acabmeM

.4 isanotni nad lafal nagned anahredes tamilak acabmeM

tapet gnay

oN amaN lucnum gnay natabilreteK

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE

2 inearggnA aveR anitsugA

3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA

4 orotnairpA irT suinotnA

5 S uyA haiD ahtedanreB .

romon silutid ,natabilretek lucnum ilak paiteS : isignem araC

awsis aman nagned iauses molok adap tabilret gnay paites ,

52 roks natabilretek

)c ajrenik tseT

kutnu naujut nagned nakukalid ajrenik seT

anam id ,rajaleb naujut irad naiapacretek takgnit iuhategnem

acabmem halada ini lah malad silunem nad seT .naalumrep

kutnu awsis atnimem nagned nakukalid ajrenik naksilunem

furuh nagned anahredes tamilak gnay .raneb


43

: naialinep kirbur hotnoC

oN kanA amaN

ialinid gnay kepsA siluneM

furuh nagned

raneb

siluneMatak nagned

raneb

siluneMtamilak nagned

raneb

naipareK


)4 iskelfeR

;halada nial aratna itilenep nakukalid gnay iskelfeR

)a nakukalid gnay apa ilabmek isaulavegneM ,I sulkis adap

nad aladnek ,nakanaskalid lisahreb gnay hakajas apa gnatnet

awsis nad urug helo ipadahid gnay natabmah

)b rotakidni nagned isavresbo nad set lisah nakgnidnabmeM

nakpatetid halet gnay nalisahrebek

)c II sulkis adap nakadnit nakanacnereM

.b sulkiS 2 ( II pJ4 ,naumetrep ilak )

)1 nakadnit anacneR

edotem nakanuggnem itilenep ,2 ek gnay sulkis adaP

ukus ,atak idajnem nakiruid gnay tamilak anam id ,fitaerk SAS

idajnem ilabmek gnubag id uata nususid naka ,tamilak nad ,atak

gnay tamilak nad ,atak ,atak ukus nakanuggnem nagned urab

gnay isaulave tala atres nakanugid gnay aideM .amas gnay furuh

.I sulkis nagned amas nakanugid


53

)2 : naanaskaleP nususid halet gnay anacner nakisasilaerem

)3 atad nalupmugneP

: arac nagned nakanaskalid atad nalupmugneP

)a tsil kcehc

itileneP adnat irebmem ( kcehc gnay ,utnetret molok adap )√

nanikgnumek gnatnet naataynrep halmujes gnatnet isireb -

utaus ukalirep uata isidnok ,isautis ,atad utaus nanikgnumek

.keybus

: hotnoC

oN kanA amaN

ukalireP acabmeM

nagned furuhracnal

acabmeMatak



gnay isanotnitapet


)b natamagneP


.1 araus nagned acabmeM sarek



.4 isanotni nad lafal nagned anahredes tamilak acabmeM

tapet gnay


63




3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA



: isignem araC romon silutid ,natabilretek lucnum ilak paiteS

gnay awsis aman nagned iauses molok adap

tabilret 52 roks natabilretek paites ,

)c ajrenik tseT

kutnu naujut nagned nakukalid ajrenik seT

anam id ,rajaleb naujut irad naiapacretek takgnit iuhategnem

acabmem halada ini lah malad silunem nad seT .naalumrep

kutnu awsis atnimem nagned nakukalid ajrenik silunem

nahredes tamilak a gned y furuh nakanuggnem na raneb gna

: naialinep kirbur hotnoC

oN kanA amaN


furuh nagned

raneb

siluneM atak nagned

raneb


raneb

naipareK

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 2 A aveR anitsugA . 3 W nidnaD sutreblA . 4 tnA . irT orotnairpA 5 B. S uyA haiD .


73

)4 iskelfeR

;halada itilenep helo nakukalid gnay iskelfeR

)a kiab ,II sulkis adap nakukalid gnay ajas apa isaulavegneM

gnay natabmah nupuam aladnek ,nalisahrebek ianegnem

awsis nad urug helo imalaid

)b set lisah nakgnidnabmeM halet gnay isavresbo nad

halet gnay nalisahrebek rotakidni nagned nakanaskalid

uata naktujnalid sulkis hakapa naksutumem kutnu ,nakpatetid

.kadit

.3 ataD nalupmugneP nad ataD

oN habueP rotakidnI ataD nalupmugnePataD nemurtsnI

1

nalipmareteK

acabmem nad

silunem

naalumrep

- naracnaleK

malad

acabmem

- acabmeM

lafal nagned

isanotni nad

tapet gnay

- furuh siluneM

tamilak nad

anahredes

raneb nagned

- tset rokS

ajrenik

kirbur(

)naialinep

- halmuJ

gnay

tabilret

- halmuJ

tsil kcehc

- tseT ajrenik

- natamagneP

- tsil kcehC

- aB naac

,anahredes

tset taas

ajrenik

- rabmeL

natamagnep

- rabmeL

tsil kcehc


83

.D I nemurtsn

: utiay ,nemurtsni sinej 2 nakanuggnem naka ini naitileneP

.1 ajrenik seT )set laos (

takgnit iuhategnem kutnu naujut nagned nakukalid ajrenik seT

silunem nad acabmem halada ini lah malad ,rajaleb naujut naiapacretek

acabmem kutnu awsis atnimem nagned nakukalid ajrenik seT .naalumrep

raneb gnay isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem nagned anahredes tamilak

nakanuggnem nagned anahredes tamilak silunem atres .raneb gnay furuh

isiK - : ajrenik set laos isik

isnetepmoK radnatS rasaD isnetepmoK rotakidnI

kednep sket imahameM

acabmem nagned

gnirayn

2.3 gnirayn acabmem

nahredes tamilak

nad lafal nagned

tapet gnay isanotni

- awsis acabmem tapad

tamilak nagned

nad lafal nakanuggnem

tapet gnay isanotni

naalumrep siluneM

,naklabenem nagned

,hotnocnem ,kalpijnem

nad ,ipakgnelem

nilaynem

3.4 ,furuh hotnocnem

tamilak uata ,atak

ukub irad anahredes

silut napap uata

raneb nagned

- silunem tapad awsis

tamilak nagned anahredes

furuh nakanuggnem

raneb nagned


93

naialinep kirbur hotnoC acabmem nalipmaretek :

oN kanA amaN

ialinid gnay kepsA acabmeM

nagned furuhracnal

acabmeMatak



gnay isanotnitapet


naialinep kirbur hotnoC silunem nalipmaretek :

oN kanA amaN


furuh nagned

raneb

siluneM atak nagned

raneb


raneb

naipareK


.2 )isavresbo( natamagneP

: awsis padahret natamagnep rabmeL

.a tsil kcehC

itileneP ( kcehcadnat irebmem gnay ,utnetret molok adap )√

nanikgnumek gnatnet naataynrep halmujes gnatnet isireb -

.keybus utaus ukalirep uata isidnok ,isautis ,atad utaus nanikgnumek


04

naialinep kirbur hotnoC

oN kanA amaN

ukalireP acabmeM

nagned furuhracnal

acabmeMatak



gnay isanotnitapet


.b nairah natataC


.1 acabmeM sarek araus nagned



.4 tapet gnay isanotni nad lafal nagned anahredes tamilak acabmeM




3 nidnaD sutreblA onoskaciW



adap romon silutid ,natabilretek lucnum ilak paiteS : isignem araC

tabilret gnay awsis aman nagned iauses molok natabilretek paites ,

52 roks


14

.E ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

adaP : arac nagned nakukalid atad nalupmugnep ,ini naitilenep

.1 ajrenik seT

it haduses nad mulebes nakukalid ajrenik seT n nakukalid nakad .

.2 )natamagnep ( isavresbO

rajaleb nataigek amales itilenep helo nakukalid natamagnep uata isavresbO

gnusgnalreb rajagnem


24

VI BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH

.A ataD ispirkseD

.1 sulkisarP ataD

silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek nakhutubmem awsis paiteS

nalipmaretek nakapurem silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek anerak

silunem nad acabmem nalipmareteK .awsis ikilimid surah gnay rasad

isamrofni imahamem kutnu nakanugid gnay nalipmaretek nakapurem

rebmem isamrofni naki kutneb malad nakijasid raseb naigabes gnay

gnorodnem ulales urug naktahilrepmem nauluhadnep natamagneP .nasilut

arac nagned acabmem awsis amasreb - halet gnay naacab urinem nad amas

naktakgninem kutnu nakukalid gnay ayapU .urug helo nakacabid

silunem nahital nakirebmem nagned nakukalid silunem naupmamek

.urug helo nakhotnocid halet gnay nasilut urinem arac nagned

acabmem awsis atnimem nagned ijuid awsis acabmem nalipmareteK

tamilak - kutnu nakgnadeS .naitnagreb araces anahredes tamilak

lipmaretek arac nagned silunem kutnu atnimid awsis silunem na

.silut napap id urug naksilutid halet gnay nasilut hotnocnem

silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek naktakgninem ayapU

awsiS .nasagunep edotem nakparenem nagned gnires hibel naalumrep

nad acabmem kutnu atnimid halet gnay nasilut urinem nagned silunem

edotem nakparenem gnaraj tagnas uruG .urug helo nakhotnocid - edotem

nial adaP .ABAB edotem nupuata ,labolG edotem ,SAS edotem itrepes


34

hibelret ,nakparetid SAS edotem nakanuggnem mulebes ,ini naitilenep

tilenep uluhad malad awsis naupmamek gnatnet isamrofni iracnem i

awsis lawa naupmamek iuhategnem kutnU .silunem nad acabmem

itilenep ,naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek ianegnem

acabmem awsis aumes atnimem nagned awsis naupmamek ijugnem

aidesid halet gnay tamilak gnay tamilak silunem nad naitnagreb araces nak

.itilenep helo nakhotnocid halet

sidnoK kaynab hisam nakkujnunem lawa i muleb gnay awsis

ataR .)MKK( laminiM nasatnuteK airetirK iapacnem - atar awsis ialin

nah acabmem lah malad 76 aynah silunem kutnu nad 96 ay aggnihes

acabmem nalipmaretek kutnU .MKK hawab id hisam nahurulesek araces

tapadret awsis 12 irad 01 uata 07 iapacnem muleb aynialin gnay awsis

4 ratikes ,MKK hawab id hisam 8 nad % 11 hawab id aynialin gnay awsis

tek kutnu MKK atikes uata silunem nalipmare 25 r ini laH . %

natilusek imalagnem gnay awsis kaynab hisam awhab naktahilrepmem

nalipmaretek gnatnet lawa naialinep lisaH .silunem nad acabmem malad

.tukireb atad irad tahilid tapad awsis silunem nad acabmem


44

lebaT .1.4 eM nalipmareteK lawA isidnoK naalumreP siluneM nad acabm

saleK nakadniT mulebeS

oN awsiS amaN acabmeM siluneM

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 06 56 2 inearggnA aveR anitsugA 86 56 3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA 57 07 4 orotnairpA irT suinotnA 06 06 5 hisgninaitpeS uyA haiD ahtedanreB 56 06 6 hiliniP ikaelaM suisinoiD 06 06 7 itasaraL iamaD aleirbaG 57 27 8 sateiP uyaB oninroC oranneG 06 05 9 uradnawruP idnaS sudlareG 07 16 01 saytgninuyA aidaN enerI 67 37 11 W airtaS unsiW sunilecraM . 08 87 21 hisgninairbeF gnejA airaM 96 37 31 inaryeM ailirpA acinoM 56 07 41 inirawaM acinoM 57 37 51 iniarggnA aniveD aicirtaP 06 36 61 eniugnA aysineR 08 67 71 anasibiW amiB sualsinatS 37 76 81 airamA isoR assiraC aitnecniV 57 57 91 akedrahaM araD anahoY 56 66 02 W sutnevdA naveN senahoY . 07 17 12 idA aramuK adeV senahoY 07 96

halmuJ 541 1 141 7 ataR - atar 96 67

.2 I sulkiS ataD

reb I sulkis ataD apu salek nakadnit naitilenep naanaskalep lisah

awsis silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek gnatnet atad apureb utiay

rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid gnay

naumetrep ilak 2 amales .


54

iulalem iuhatekid silunem nad acabmem nalipmareteK

racnalek natapetek atres tamilak acabmem malad awsis natapetek nad na

sid halet gnay tamilak silunem malad awsis naiparek nad a helo nakij

ianegnem naialinep nakirebmem nagned helorepid ataD .itilenep

ek nalipmaret atres ,raneb ,racnal nagned acabmem malad awsis

gnem ,silunem nalipmaretek kutnU .tapet gnay isanotni nad lafal nakanug

awsis atnimem nagned naialinep nakukalem nagned helorepid atad

tamilak silunem - .nakhotnocid halet gnay anahredes tamilak

naialinep lisah iraD awhab iuhatekid araces ialin halmuj

ahurulesek n acabmem nalipmaretek kutnu iapacnem 41 57 aggnihes

atar ialin tapadid - 6541 halada silunem nalipmaretek kutnu nad 07 atar

atar nagned - 96 atar bmep mumu araces ,aynitrA . imalagnem halet narajale

gninep r nakadnit irebid mulebes uata sulkisarp taas adaP .natak ata - atar

96 utiay )MKK( laminiM nasatnuteK airetirK hawab id hisam salek kutnu

6 nad acabmem nalipmaretek 7 silunem nalipmaretek kutnu I sulkis adaP .

atar - 7 iapacnem ialin atar 0 malad 96 nad acabmem nalipmaretek kutnu

silunem lah idajret nakkujnunem ini lah numaN .natakgninep ayn

ada hisam natakgninep imalagnem halet nupualaw 9 aynialin gnay awsis

ratikes uata )MKK( laminiM nasatnuteK airetirK iapacnem muleb hisam

24 % ratikes uata silunem lah malad awsis 8 nad acabmem lah malad

.tukireb lebat irad tahilid tapad I sulkis irad lisaH .%83


64

lebaT .2.4 naalumreP siluneM nad acabmeM malaD awsiS nalipmareteK

I sulkiS


1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 26 26 2 inearggnA aveR anitsugA 56 56 3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA 67 57 4 orotnairpA irT suinotnA 26 06 5 S uyA haiD ahtedanreB . 66 26 6 hiliniP ikaelaM suisinoiD 26 06 7 itasaraL iamaD aleirbaG 57 57 8 sateiP uyaB oninroC oranneG 06 05 9 sudlareG uradnawruP idnaS 57 07 01 saytgninuyA aidaN enerI 87 57 11 W airtaS unsiW sunilecraM . 08 08 21 hisgninairbeF gnejA airaM 57 57 31 inaryeM ailirpA acinoM 07 27 41 inirawaM acinoM 87 57 51 iniarggnA aniveD aicirtaP 06 56 61 eniugnA aysineR 08 08 71 anasibiW amiB sualsinatS 57 56 81 airamA isoR assiraC aitnecniV 57 87 91 akedrahaM araD anahoY 56 07 02 W sutnevdA naveN senahoY . 56 07 12 idA aramuK adeV senahoY 17 27

halmuJ 5741 6541 ataR - atar 07 96

.3 II sulkiS ataD

eb II sulkis ataD apur adap nakadnit naitilenep naanaskalep lisah

ek naumetrep - ek nad agit - naupmamek gnatnet atad apureb utiay tapme

nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep silunem nad acabmem awsis

nalipmareteK .rabmag aidem nad fitaerk SAS edotem nakanuggnem


74

uhatekid silunem nad acabmem awsis natapetek nad naracnalek iulalem i

malad awsis naiparek nad natapetek atres tamilak acabmem malad

nagned helorepid ataD .itilenep helo nakijasid halet gnay tamilak silunem

acabmem malad awsis nalipmaretek ianegnem naialinep nakirebmem

,racnal nagned .tapet gnay isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem atres ,raneb

naialinep nakukalem nagned helorepid atad ,silunem nalipmaretek kutnU

tamilak silunem awsis atnimem nagned - halet gnay anahredes tamilak

papid awsis silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek ialiN .nakhotnocid nakra

.tukireb lebat adap

J nahurulesek araces ialin halmu acabmem nalipmaretek kutnu

atar nagned 4651 halada - atar iapacnem nalipmaretek kutnu nakgnades ,47

atar nagned 4451 iapacnem nahurulesek islin silunem - 47 ialin atar

lisah irad numaN .MKK iapacnem halet nahurulesek araces aggnihes

id hisam aynialin gnay awsis 3 ada hisam II sulkis irad nahurulesek

kaynabes uata MKK hawab nad acabmem lah malad % 41 uata kana 3

silunem lah malad %41 1 kaynabes MKK iapacnem halet gnay awsiS . 8

ratikes uata awsis 68 % tapad II sulkis irad atad nahurulesek araceS .

tukireb lebat irad tahilid .


84

lebaT 3.4 nad acabmeM malaD awsiS nalipmareteK naalumreP siluneM

II sulkiS


1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 26 07 2 inearggnA aveR anitsugA 07 07 3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA 08 08 4 orotnairpA irT suinotnA 56 07 5 S uyA haiD ahtedanreB . 07 56 6 hiliniP ikaelaM suisinoiD 56 56 7 itasaraL iamaD aleirbaG 08 08 8 sateiP uyaB oninroC oranneG 06 55 9 uradnawruP idnaS sudlareG 08 08 01 saytgninuyA aidaN enerI 08 87 11 W airtaS unsiW sunilecraM . 08 08 21 hisgninairbeF gnejA airaM 08 87 31 inaryeM ailirpA acinoM 57 67 41 acinoM inirawaM 08 67 51 iniarggnA aniveD aicirtaP 37 27 61 eniugnA aysineR 08 08 71 anasibiW amiB sualsinatS 08 06 81 airamA isoR assiraC aitnecniV 87 08 91 akedrahaM araD anahoY 17 37 02 W sutnevdA naveN senahoY . 57 87 12 idA aramuK adeV senahoY 08 87

halmuJ 4651 4451 ataR - atar 47 47

.B ataD sisilanA

.1 I sulkiS nad sulkisarP nagnidnabreP

,nineS irah adap nakanaskalid I sulkis id nakadnit naanaskaleP

12 1 ,ubaR nad 1102 rebmetpeS 4 rebmetpeS naka ini tukireB .1102


94

lah nakispirksedid - idajret gnay lah narajalebmep nataigeK .I sulkis adap

iagabes narepreb itileneP .tinem 04 x2 uata pJ 2 amales gnusgnalreb

itamagnem sagutreb nad itilenep artim iagabes narepreb uruG .rajagnep

naialinep nad natamagneP .narajalebmep naanaskalep malad awsis

abmem nalipmaretek tamrof nakanuggnem naalumrep silunem nad ac

.itilenep nakaidesid halet gnay isavresbo

narajalebmep taas adap ilak amatrep idajret gnay laH

nakiapmaynem nad irid naklanekrepmem itilenep halada gnusgnalreb

arajalebmep nataigek malad iapacid nigni gnay naujut ,naidumeK .n

tamilak aparebeb nagned rabmag aparebeb nakkujnunem itilenep

tamilak acabmem nariligreb araces awsis arap ,naidumeK .anahredes

nalipmaretek irad lisah ialinem itileneP .rabmag malad ada gnay

ep namodep aparebeb nakanuggnem nagned awsis acabmem naialin

itrepes : ini nataigeK .acabmem malad natapetek nad naracnalek

.tinem 54 amales gnusgnalreb

ayntujnales awsis arap sagut ,anaskalret sata id nataigek haleteS

ini nataigek ,silut napap id naksilutid hadus gnay nasilut nilaynem halada

es nakanaskalid nasilut silunem iaseles awsis arap haleteS .tinem 52 amal

gnay nasilut acabmem kaca araces awsis arap ,nakhotnocid halet gnay

.tinem 51 amales gnusgnalreb gnay silutid halet

naalumrep silunem nad acabmem malad awsis nalipmareteK

iulalem iuhatekid aracnalek acabmem malad awsis natapetek nad n

tamilak silunem malad awsis naiparek nad natapetek atres tamilak .

pahat aratna naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek naialineP

.4.4 lebat adap nakrapapid I sulkis nad sulkisarp


05

m nad acabmem nalipmaretek natakgnineP naalumrep silune

01 ada alumes aggnihes awsis arap irad ialin naiapacnep adap kapmat

kutnu awsis 8 aynah idajnem MKK hawab id aynialin gnay awsis

adA .acabmem nalipmartek kutnu awsis 9 nad silunem nalipmaretek

ynah natakgninep imalagnem gnay awsis aparebeb utas adap a

imalagnem kadit nial gnay nalipmaretek kutnu nad utas nalipmaretek

.nanurunep imalagnem nakhab ,natakgninep

esret isidnoK kaf ada awhab naktahilrepmem tub tuki gnay nial rot

naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek ihuragnepmem atres

narajalebmep malad arabmag aidem nad SAS edotem naanuggnep

naalumrep silunem nad acabmem akam ,I sulkis irad lisah nakrasadreB .

nagned naalumrep siunem nad acabmem narajalebmep nakukalid ulrep

ireb sulkis adap rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem .ayntuk

nagned itamrecid tapad I sulkis nad lawa isidnok aratna nagnidnabreP

.tukireb lebat tahilem


15

naalumreP siluneM nad acabmeM nalipmareteK .4.4 lebaT

oN awsiS amaN lawA isidnoK I sulkiS

acabmeM siluneM acabmeM siluneM

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 06 56 26 26 2 inearggnA aveR anitsugA 86 56 56 56 3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA 57 07 67 57 4 orotnairpA irT suinotnA 06 06 26 06 5 S uyA haiD ahtedanreB . 56 06 66 26 6 hiliniP ikaelaM suisinoiD 06 06 26 06 7 itasaraL iamaD aleirbaG 57 27 57 57 8 sateiP uyaB oninroC oranneG 06 05 06 05 9 uradnawruP idnaS sudlareG 07 16 57 07 01 saytgninuyA aidaN enerI 67 37 87 57 11 W airtaS unsiW sunilecraM . 08 87 08 08 21 hisgninairbeF gnejA airaM 96 37 57 57 31 inaryeM ailirpA acinoM 56 07 07 27 41 acinoM inirawaM 57 37 87 57 51 iniarggnA aniveD aicirtaP 06 36 06 56 61 eniugnA aysineR 08 67 08 08 71 anasibiW amiB sualsinatS 37 76 57 56 81 airamA isoR assiraC aitnecniV 57 57 57 87 91 akedrahaM araD anahoY 56 66 56 07 02 W sutnevdA naveN senahoY . 07 17 56 07 12 idA aramuK adeV senahoY 07 96 17 27 halmuJ 541 1 141 7 5741 6541

ataR - atar 96 67 07 96

.2 II sulkiS nad I sulkis nagnidnabreP

itileneP II sulkis adap salek nakadnit nakparenem ilabmek

itilenep II sulkis adaP .I sulkis adap naijak lisah nakrasadreb

itilenep ini II sulkis adaP .rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem

awsis nupualaW .furuh nad ,atak ukus ,atak ,tamilak utrak nakanuggnem

keb silunem nad acabmem awsis paites ipatet naka ,kopmolek malad ajre


25

fitka naadaek malad awsis paites aggnihes udividni araces tamilak

.narajalebmep itukignem

em itilenep II sulkis adap narajalebmep lawa adaP awsis igabm

kopmolek paites anam id ,kopmolek malad adaP .awsis 2 irad iridret

nad ,atak ukus ,atak ,tamilak utrak nakigabmem itilenep ayntukireb pahat

gnisam adapek furuh - nakrajagnem itilenep naidumeK .kopmolek gnisam

nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep acabmem nalipmaretek

nem awsiS .rabmag aidem nad ,atak ukus ,tak idajnem tamilaK nakiarug

,atak ukus ,atak ,tamilak acabmem awsis ayntukireb pahat adaP .furuh

.ilabmek iakgnar nad nakiaru iakerem halet gnay furuh nad

tamilak silunem awsis halada ayntukireb rajaleb nataigeK -

hotnocid halet gnay tamilak awsis ini nataigek malaD .silut napap id nak

halet gnay tamilak silunem nialeS .naksilutid halet gnay nasilut urinem

tamilak nagned iauses gnay rabmag hotnocnem aguj awsis nakhotnocid

.silutid gnay


35

siluneM nad acabmeM nalipmareteK .5.4 lebaT .naalumreP

oN awsiS amaN I sulkiS II sulkiS

acabmeM siluneM acabmeM siluneM

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 26 26 26 07 2 inearggnA aveR anitsugA 56 56 07 07 3 onoskaciW nidnaD sutreblA 67 57 08 08 4 orotnairpA irT suinotnA 26 06 56 07 5 haiD ahtedanreB S uyA . 66 26 07 56 6 hiliniP ikaelaM suisinoiD 26 06 56 56 7 itasaraL iamaD aleirbaG 57 57 08 08 8 sateiP uyaB oninroC oranneG 06 05 06 55 9 uradnawruP idnaS sudlareG 57 07 08 08 01 saytgninuyA aidaN enerI 87 57 08 87 11 W airtaS unsiW sunilecraM . 08 08 08 08 21 hisgninairbeF gnejA airaM 57 57 08 87 31 inaryeM ailirpA acinoM 07 27 57 67 41 inirawaM acinoM 87 57 08 67 51 iniarggnA aniveD aicirtaP 06 56 37 27 61 eniugnA aysineR 08 08 08 08 71 anasibiW amiB sualsinatS 57 56 08 06 81 aitnecniV A isoR assiraC . 57 87 87 08 91 akedrahaM araD anahoY 56 07 17 37 02 W sutnevdA naveN senahoY . 56 07 57 87 12 idA aramuK adeV senahoY 17 27 08 87 halmuJ 5741 6541 4651 4451

ataR - atar 07 96 47 47

.C nasahabmeP

S naktahilrepmem II sulkis nad I sulki naanuggnep ayngnitnep

malad SAS edotem .naalumrep silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep

K rabmag aidem naanuggnep atres narajalebmep sesorp malad awsis nafitkae

naasaugnep malad awsis namahamep padahret huragnepreb tagnas aguj

ep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek .naalumr


45

.narajalebmep lawa kajes awsis natabilretek nakhubmunem uruG

.narajalebmep naujut nakiapmaynem itilenep narajalebmep lawa adaP

nagnubuhreb gnay rabmag naktahilrepmem itilenep ,ayntukireb nataigeK

tamilak nagned is atnimem uruG .acabid naka gnay acabmem kutnu aws

.silut napap id naksilutid halet gnay furuh nad ,atak ukus ,atak ,tamilak

nad ,atak ukus ,atak ,tamilak acabmem nariligreb araces awsis naidumeK

nakukalem itilenep ,acabmem awsis amaleS .naksilutid halet gnay furuh

.naialinep

kireb pahaT gnay rabmag hotnoc rabmaggnem awsis halada ayntu

nad raneb nagned naksilutid halet gnay tamilak silunem atres nakaidesid halet

.ipar akerem halet gnay naajrekep naklupmugnem awsis halada ayntujnaleS

bmem kutnu ilabmek gnalugnem awsis nad itileneP .nakajrek gnay tamilak aca

.silut napap id ada silunem nad acabmem malad awsis nalipmareteK

iulalem iuhatekid naalumrep acabmem malad awsis natapetek nad naracnalek

tamilak silunem malad awsis naiparek nad natapetek atres tamilak .

rasadreb nakpatetid gnay naupmameK iapacnem halada MKK nak

ialin nagned silunem nad acabmem upmam surah awsis aynitra ,07 ialin

, awsis 12 irad nakadnit nakukalid mulebeS .igal iggnit hibel uata 07 laminim

01 1 nad acabmem nalipmaretek kutnu MKK iapacnem muleb gnay awsis 1

aretek kutnu awsis 4 ratikes uata , silunem nalipm 8 nad acabmem lah malad %

25 ialin iapacnem muleb gnay awsis 9 ,I sulkis adaP .silunem lah malad %

muleb gnay awsis 8 nad acabmem nalipmaretek kutnu %42 ratikes uata MKK

s adaP . %83 ratikes uata silunem lah malad MKK iapacnem 3 ada ,II sulki


55

uata silunem nad acabmem lah malad MKK iapacnem muleb gnay awsis

.% 41 ratikes

nakrasadreB naialinep lisah naanuggnep awhab naklupmisid tapad

acabmem nalipmaretek naktakgninem tapad rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem

sulkis ,sulkisarp pahat aratna ialin nagnidnabreP .awsis silunem nad nad ,I

.tukireb lebat irad tahilid tapad II sulkis

acabmeM nalipmareteK .6.4 lebaT .naalumreP siluneM nad

oN awsiS amaN sulkiS arP I sulkiS II sulkiS

acabmeM siluneM acabmeM siluneM acabmeM siluneM

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 06 56 26 26 26 07 2 A aveR anitsugA . 86 56 56 56 07 07 3 W nidnaD sutreblA . 57 07 67 57 08 08 4 irT suinotnA A. 06 06 26 06 56 07 5 B. .S uyA haiD 56 06 66 26 07 56 6 P ikaelaM suisinoiD . 06 06 26 06 56 56 7 L iamaD aleirbaG . 57 27 57 57 08 08 8 G. sateiP uyaB oninroC 06 05 06 05 06 55 9 P idnaS sudlareG . 07 16 57 07 08 08 01 A aidaN enerI . 67 37 87 57 08 87 11 M. W airtaS unsiW . 08 87 08 08 08 08 21 F gnejA airaM . 07 37 57 57 08 87 31 M ailirpA acinoM . 56 07 07 27 57 67 41 inirawaM acinoM 57 37 87 57 08 67 51 A aniveD aicirtaP . 06 36 06 56 37 27 61 eniugnA aysineR 08 67 08 08 08 08 71 S. anasibiW amiB 37 76 57 56 08 06 81 V. airamA isoR assiraC 57 57 57 87 87 08 91 Y. akedrahaM araD 56 66 56 07 17 37 02 Y. W sutnevdA naveN . 07 17 56 07 57 87 12 Y. idA aramuK adeV 07 07 17 27 08 87 halmuJ 2541 8141 5741 6541 4651 4451

ataR - atar 96 86 07 96 47 47


65

V BAB

NARAS NAD ,ISAKILPMI ,NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

ispirksed nakrasadreB nad VI BAB adap atad sisilana tapad

awsis naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek awhab naklupmisid

2102/1102 naraja nuhat atrakaygoY ,lutnaB narujnaG suisinaK DS I salek

imalagnem rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned

lah aparebeb nakrasadreb ini natakgnineP .natakgninep nagned natiakreb gnay

edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek

acabmem nalipmaretek natakgninep irad rotakidnI .rabmag aidem nad SAS

rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep silunem nad

ireb iagabes tahilid tapad .tuk

inareb hibel idajnem awsis ;naalumrep acabmem lah malad ,amatreP

atres racnal nagned salej nad sarek gnay araus nagned acabmem kutnu

.raneb gnay isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem kutnu kiratret hibel awsiS

g aidem naanuggnep anerak narajalebmep itukignem .kiranem gnay rabma

nagned silunem tapad awsis ;naalumrep silunem lah malad ,audeK

.naksilutid halet gnay hotnoc tahilem arac nagned ipar nad raneb gnay furuh

awsis silunem niales anerak silunem rajaleb kutnu kiratret hibel awsiS

et gnay rabmag rabmaggnem tamilak nagned natiakreb gnay ,nakaidesid hal

.silutid halet gnay

em nad acabmem nalipmaretek natakgnineP aguj naalumrep silun

sulkis nad ,I sulkis ,sulkisarp atad irad ialum naialinep lisah irad tahilid tapad


75

nakkujnunem sulkisarp atad adap naialineP .II r ata - 96 ialin atar kutnu

6 nad acabmem nalipmaretek 7 silunem nalipmaretek kutnu atar I sulkis , - atar

ialin 96 nad 07 II sulkis nad , atar - ialin atar 74 awhab naklupmisid tapad

naktakgninem tapad rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem naanuggnep

.DS I salek awsis naalumrep silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek

.B isakilpmI

nad acabmem nalipmaretek natakgninepapureb ini naitilenep lisaH

nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep silunem .rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem

DS 1 salek uata hadner salek adap aynah nakparetid tapad ini SAS edoteM

nakgnadeS .naalumrep silunem nad acabmem rajaleb pahat malad hisam gnay

tapad rabmag aidem anerak ,aynnaanuggnep isatabid kadit rabmag aidem

s id nakanugid .salek aume

P silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep malad SAS edotem naanuggne

naalumrep rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem anerak nakanugid kutnu kiab

nial gnay edotem nagned nakgnidnabid nahibelek ikilimem edotem ,amatreP .

kutneb awhab ,mumu asahab umli tunagnem SAS halada licekret gnay asahab

,agiteK .awsis namalagnep nakgnutihrepmem SAS edotem ,audeK .tamilak

ini edotem ,tapmeeK .iridnes nakumenem pisnirp tunagnem SAS edotem

nakanuggnem anerak ,narajalebmep iretam imahamem awsis nakhadumem

pahat - nahredes gnay pahat kiratret awsis taubmem SAS edotem ,amileK .a

.rabmag aidem nakanuggnem anerak narajalebmep nagned


85

silunem nad acabmem malad rabmag aidem naanuggnep nasalA

naalumrep gnay tamilak imahamem awsis hadumrepmem kutnu halada

l idajnem aggnihes urug helo nakijasid .sitsilaer hibe

.C naraS

.1 urug igaB

.a naktaafnamid tapad ini rabmag aidem naanuggnep nad SAS edoteM

silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek naktakgninem kutnu urug helo

nagned amas halasam iaynupmem gnay salek aynsusuhk ,naalumrep

.ini naitilenep halasam

.b aynada ulreP narajalebmep gnatnet imahamem hibel kutnu nahitalep

SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep silunem nad acabmem

iretam nakrajagnem tapad awsis aggnihes ,rabmag aidem nad

kiab nagned naalumrep silunem nad acabmem .

.c kajaid awsis narajalebmep sesorp malaD tuki fitka araces kutnu

irad rajaleb tapad awsis aggnihes narajalebmep nataigek malad

.narajalebmep sesorp irad iridnes tapad ai gnay namalagnep

.2 p igaB nial itilene

nad acabmem nalipmaretek apureb ini salek nakadnit naitilenep lisaH

naalumrep silunem awsis halada ini naitilenep amatu sukoF .DS I salek

tapad ,nial itilenep igaB .silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek natakgninep

gnay edotem nakanuggnem nagned apures gnay naitilenep nakadagnem

adebreb .


95

.3 s etimok igaB haloke nad ekats sredloh

lad satilisaf napakgneleK silunem nad acabmem narajalebmep ma

rabmag aidem nad SAS edotem nakanuggnem nagned naalumrep

.lamitpo gnay rajaleb lisah naiapacnep adap huragnepreb

.4 awsis ilaw uata aut gnaro igaB

raul id awsis rajaleb sesorp nasawagnep malad aut gnaro atres nareP

halokes malad awsis nalisahrebek nakutnenem malad gnitnep tagnas

lawa pahat adap silunem nad acabmem nalipmaretek naasaugnep

.5 awsis igaB

.a nakulrepid tagnas narajalebmep sesorp malad awsis nafitkaeK kutnu

gnay lisah aggnihes ,lamitpo hibel gnay rajaleb sesorp tapad helorepid

alup lamitpo idajnem

.b nupuam halokes id kiab nitur araces nakukalid gnay rajaleb nataigeK

naiapacnep malad awsis naracnalek utnabmem naka halokes raul id

lamitpo gnay silunem nad acabmem naupmamek


06

AKATSUP RATFAD

.7991 .staK enneirdA acabmeM rajaleB kanA gnibmibmeM .nacrA :atrakaJ .

.1002 .hisaiduB nad idhcuZ itayimraD saleK id artsaS nad asahaB nakididnePhadneR .SAP :atrakaygoY .

.8002 .iduB akitraK rukU talA satilauK DSU :atrakaygoY .

.8002 .iduB akitraK nakadniT naitileneP hailuK ataM awsisahaM ajreK ukuBsaleK DSU :atrakaygoY .

.0891 .omoM halokeS id acabmeM narajagneP malad SAS edoteM naanuggnePrasaD .naayadubeK nad nakididneP nemetrapeD :atrakaJ .

.6002 .NN saguT nasiluneP namodeP rihkA satisrevinU DSGP :atrakaygoY .

.amrahD atanaS

damhA niddu’ifoR .1002 .idhcuZ itayimraD nad artsaS nad asahaB nakididnePid aisenodnI iggniT saleK .gnalaM gnaraK satisrevinU :atrakaygoY .

.3991 .kkd haidahkA itrabaS I aisenodnI asahaB trapeD :atrakaJ . nakididneP neme

.naayadubeK nad

.4002 .uruG ayraK aniB miT .I saleK DS kutnu aisenodnI artsaS nad asahaB aniB aggnalrE :atrakaJ


NARIPMAL


16


26


GNIRAJ NARIPMAL - ,SUBALIS ,AMET GNIRAJ

SKL NAD PPR


36

BS K AKITAMETAM

kutneb nakrabmaggnem tapad awsiS -anahredes kutneb

anahredes rabmaggnem tapad awsiS

adneb kaynab gnutihgnem tapad awsiS nagnalib halmujnem tapad awsiS nagnalib nakgnarugnem tapad awsiS

halokeS nagnukgniL

AISENODNI ASAHAB API

furuh acabmem tapad awsiS iagabes furuh acabmem tapad awsiS

anahredes tamilak nad atak ,atak ukus hpargarap/isiup acabmem tapad awsiS

recnal nagned anahredes nagned gnirayn acabmem tapad awsiS

ni nad lafal nakanuggnem gnay isanottapet

hpargarap ,tamilak silunem tapad awsiS anahredes

tapad awsiS hubut naigab naktubeynem aisunam


46 KITAMET SUBALIS

nakididneP nautaS narujnaG suisinaK DS :

tiakreT narajaleP ataM KBS ,API ,akitametaM ,aisenodnI asahaB : retsemeS/saleK I/I :

tiakreT kepsA KBS ,akitametaM ,aisenodnI asahaB : ameT/tinU ukhalokeS nagnukgniL/II :

narajaleP ataM rasaD isnetepmoK rotakidnI kokoP iretaM narajalebmeP nataigeK rajaleB rebmuS naialineP

akitametaM

asahaB aisenodnI

adneb kaynab gnalibmeM

anahredes tamilak acabmeM isanotni nad lafal nagned

tapet gnay

hotnocneM uata ,atak ,furuh ukub irad anahredes tamilak

nagned silut napap uataraneb

- gnutihgnem tapad awsiSadneb kaynab

- tapad awsiSnagnalib nakhalmujnem

- tapad awsiSnagnalib nakgnarugnem

- acabmem tapad awsiS

furuh - acabmem tapad awsiS

,atak ukus iagabes furuh tamilak nad ,atak

anahredes - acabmem tapad awsiS

hpargarap/isiuprecnal nagned anahredes

- acabmem tapad awsiS nagned gnirayn

nad lafal nakanuggnemtapet gnay isanotni

- silunem tapad awsiS

hpargarap ,tamilakanahredes

gnutihgneMadneb kaynab

acabmeMyn gnira

I naumetreP .A lawA nataigeK

- ispesrepa ,malas irebmeM

.B itnI nataigeK - adneb gnatnet naksalejneM - gnay adneb

halokes nagnukgnil id ada - adneb kaynab gnutihgnem awsiS - gnutihid gnay adneb silunem awsiS - acabmem awsiS nakanuggnem nagned

aidem nautnab nagned nad SAS edotemrabmag

- adneb rabmaggnem awsiS

.C rihkA nataigeK - iskelfer ,isaulavE

II naumetreP .A lawA nataigeK


.B itnI nataigeK - ”gnutihreB uK“ ugal siluneM - acabmeM ”gnutihreB uK“ ugal - gnutihgneM aisunam hubut naigab

.C rihkA nataigeK - iskelfer ,isaulavE

III naumetreP

.A lawA nataigeK - ispesrepa ,malas irebmeM

.B itnI nataigeK - salek id adneb kaynab gnutihgnem awsiS

- ,silohcruN finaH ayaS 7002

gnaneS asahabreB ,aisenodnI

: atrakaJ aggnalrE

- adneB - id adneb

salek ratikes

silutret tseT ajrenik tseT


silutret tseT silutret tseT


56

narajaleP ataM rasaD isnetepmoK rotakidnI kokoP iretaM narajalebmeP nataigeK rajaleB rebmuS naialineP

KBS

API

iualem nakiserpskegneM

fiserpske rabmag

naigab lanegneM - naigab ,aynnaanugek nad hubut

aynnatawarep arac atres

- rabmaggnem tapad awsiS

kutneb - anahredes kutneb - rabmaggnem tapad awsiS

anahredes - naktubeynem tapad awsiS

hubut naigab aisunam

rabmaggneM

hubut naigaB aisunam

- gnay adneb nad halmuj silunem awsiS gnutihid

- naalumrep acabmeM nagnedfitaerk SAS edotem nakanuggnem

.C rihKA nataigeK

- iskelfer isaulavE

VI naumetreP .A lawA nataigeK


.B nataigeK itnI - ”ayas atam auD“ ugal nakiynaynem awsiS - ”ayas atam auD“ ugal naksilunem awsiS - awsiS acabmem gnay anahredes tamilak

nakanuggnem nagned ,urug helo nakirebidfitaerk SAS edotem

- hubut naigab kaynab gnutihgnem awsiS.aisunam

.C rihkA nataigeK

- kelfer ,isaulavE is


narujnaG , 1102 rebmetpeS

itileneP

itparpuS airaM anA


66

P P R

nakididneP nautaS narujnaG suisinaK DS : laggnaT/iraH : nineS , 21 rebmetpeS 02 11

retsemeS/saleK I/I : tiakreT kepsA KBS ,akitametaM ,aisenodnI asahaB :

ameT/tinU ukhalokeS nagnukgniL/II : utkaW isakolA tinem 53 x 2 :

narajaleP ataM isnetepmoK radnatS rasaD isnetepmoK iretaM buS

kokoP narajalebmeP nataigeK rotakidnI naialineP rebmuS

asahaB aisenodnI

akitametaM

KBS

sket imahameM nagned kednepgnirayn acabmem

naalumrep siluneM ,kalpijnem nagned

,naklabenem nad ipakgnelem

hotnocnem nakukaleM

nad nahalmujnep nagnarugnep

02 iapmas nagnalib irid nakiserpskegneM

ines ayrak iulalemapur

ukus gnirayn acabmeM nagned atak nad atak

tapet gnay lafal hotnocneM ,atak ,furuh

anahredes tamilak uata napap uata ukub irad

raneb nagned silut

kaynab gnalibmeMadneb

irid nakiserpskegneM rabmag iulalem

fiserpske

rabmaggneM anahredes

.A lawA nataigeK - ,malas irebmem uruG

nad awsis nesbagnemaodreb awsis kajagnem

- urug ,ispesrepA kutnu awsis kajagnem

utaS“ iynaynreb - utas ”ubi gniyas uka

- gnatnet atirecreb uruG natiakreb gnay lah nagnukgnil nagned

halokes

.B itnI nataigeK - naksalejnem uruG

gnatnet awsis adapekadneb - ada gnay adneb

nagnukgnil id halokes - awsis kajagnem uruG

gnutihgnem kutnu adap adneb kaynab

tapmet( utnetret sinej ,ajem ,upas ,hapmas

)aynnial adneb nupuata - awsis kajagnem uruG

adneb silunem kutnu nad gnutihid halet gnay

nagned nakkujnutidurinem arac

tapad awsiSfuruh acabmem

awsiS tapad acabmem

furuh iagabes ukus iagabes nad atak ,atak

tamilakanahredes

tapad awsiS nad atak silunem

tamilakanahredes

tapad awsiS

gnutihgnemadneb kaynab

tapad awsiS

rabmaggnemkutneb - kutneb

anahredes adneb

silutret tseT ini hawab id laos nakajreK

.1 furuh haltahiL - id furuh naidumek ,ini hawab

malad ek halnilas! umukub

.a a ,l ,o ,b ,i ,n ,i

.b u ,t ,a ,s ,u ,k ,u ,b

.2 adneb kaynab halgnutiH! ini hawab id

.a

.b

.3 utas halas halirabmaG id tahil umak gnay adneb

! salek ratikes

ajrenik tseT .1 ,atak ukus ,furuh halacaB

ini hawab id tamilak nad! salek naped id

.a u ,k ,u ,b ,i ,n ,i

.b i - ub ,in – uk

.c ukub ,ini

.d ukub ini

- finaH ,silohcruN ayaS 7002


: atrakaJ aggnalrE

- adneB -

id adnebsalek ratikes


76

narajaleP ataM radnatS isnetepmoK

isnetepmoKrasaD

iretaM buSkokoP narajalebmeP nataigeK rotakidnI naialineP rebmuS

- awsis kajagnem uruG acabmem rajaleb kutnu

ajegnem arac nagned , nakanuggnem nagned

SAS edotem - awsiS nautnab nagned

urug acabmem aman nak halmuj nad adneb adneb .

- rabmaggnem awsiS tahilid halet gnay adneb

gnutihid nad

.B rihkA nataigeK - awsis amasreb uruG

iskelfer nakukalem

naialineP kirbuR

ialinid gnay laH rokS

isanotni natapeteK 1 2 3 4 5

naracnaleK 1 2 3 4 5

araus nasalejeK 1 2 3 4 5

lafal nasalejeK 1 2 3 4 5

= ialiN2

roks halmuJ01 X

,narujnaG 21 rebmetpeS 02 11 itileneP

itparpuS airaM anA


86

S K L

nakididneP nautaS narujnaG suisinaK DS : laggnaT/iraH : ,nineS 1102 rebmetpeS 21

retsemeS/saleK I/I : tiakreT kepsA akitametaM ,aisenodnI asahaB :


.I rajaleb lisaH rotakidnI

- furuh acabmem tapad awsiS - tamilak nad atak ,atak ukus iagabes furuh acabmem tapad awsiS - anahredes tamilak nad atak silunem tapad awsiS - nakhalmujnem tapad awsiS nakgnarugnem nad 02 iapmas nagnalib

.II kujnuteP - ! umurug kujnutep nagned iauses laos nakajreK - ! natilusek imalagnem umak akij umurug adap nakaynaT

.III rajaleB nataigeK .A I rajaleB nataigeK

! umsalek id ada gnay adneb kaynab halgnutiH .a .………: ajeM .b : isruK .c ………… : utniP

.B utih umak gnay adneb halmuj nad adneb naksiluT urinem nagned gnhotnocnem uata !

.a m napaled aje

.b utnip aud .C ! taub umak halet gnay anahredes tagnas tamilak halacab

.VI iskelfeR

? natilusek imalagnem hisam umak hakapA .……………

? ini amet irajalepmem haletes umnaasarep anamiagaB ..………


96 P P R


laggnaT/iraH ubaR : , 41 rebmetpeS 02 11 retsemeS/saleK I/I :


utkaW isakolA tinem 53 x 2 :

narajaleP ataM radnatS isnetepmoK rasaD isnetepmoK iretaM buSkokoP narajalebmeP nataigeK rotakidnI naialineP rebmuS

asahaB aisenodnI

akitametaM

KBS



,naklabenem nad ipakgnelem

hotnocnem nakukaleM

nad nahalmujnep nagnarugnep

02 iapmas nagnalib irid nakiserpskegneM

ines ayrak iulalemapur

ukus gnirayn acabmeM nagned atak nad atak

tapet gnay lafal hotnocneM ,atak ,furuh

anahredes tamilak uata napap uata ukub irad

raneb nagned silut


irid nakiserpskegneM rabmag iulalem

fiserpske

rabmaggneM anahredes

.A lawA nataigeK - ,malas irebmem uruG

nad awsis nesbagnem awsis kajagnem

aodreb - urug ,ispesrepA

kutnu awsis kajagnemutaS“ iynaynreb - utas ”ubi gniyas uka

- gnatnet atirecreb uruG natiakreb gnay lah nagnukgnil nagned

halokes

.B itnI nataigeK - naksalejnem uruG

gnatnet awsis adapekadneb - gnay adneb

nagnukgnil id adahalokes

- awsis kajagnem uruG gnutihgnem kutnu

adap adneb kaynab tapmet( utnetret sinej ,ajem ,upas ,hapmas

adneb nupuata)aynnial

- awsis kajagnem uruG adneb silunem kutnu

gnutihid halet gnay nakkujnutid nad

urinem arac nagned

tapad awsiSfuruh acabmem

awsiS tapad acabmem

furuh iagabes ukus iagabes nad atak ,atak

tamilakanahredes

tapad awsiS nad atak silunem

tamilakanahredes

tapad awsiS

gnutihgnemadneb kaynab

tapad awsiS

rabmaggnemkutneb - kutneb

anahredes adneb

silutret tseT ini hawab id laos nakajreK

.1 furuh haltahiL - id furuh naidumek ,ini hawab

malad ek halnilas! umukub

.a a ,l ,o ,b ,i ,n ,i

.b u ,t ,a ,s ,u ,k ,u ,b

.2 adneb kaynab halgnutiH! ini hawab id

.a

.b

.3 utas halas halirabmaG id tahil umak gnay adneb

! salek ratikes

ajrenik tseT .1 ,atak ukus ,furuh halacaB

ini hawab id tamilak nad! salek naped id

.a u ,k ,u ,b ,i ,n ,i

.b i - ub ,in – uk

.c ukub ,ini

.d ukub ini



: atrakaJ aggnalrE

- adneB -



07

narajaleP ataM radnatSisnetepmoK

isnetepmoKrasaD

iretaM buSkokoP narajalebmeP nataigeK rotakidnI naialineP rebmuS

- awsis kajagnem uruG acabmem rajaleb kutnu

ajegnem arac nagned , nakanuggnem nagned

SAS edotem - awsiS nautnab nagned

urug acabmem aman nakadneb halmuj nad adneb .

- rabmaggnem awsiS tahilid halet gnay adneb

gnutihid nad

.B rihkA nataigeK - awsis amasreb uruG

iskelfer nakukalem

naialineP kirbuR






= ialiN2

roks halmuJ01 X

rebmetpeS 41 ,narujnaG 02 11 itileneP

itparpuS airaM anA


17

S K L

nakididneP nautaS narujnaG suisinaK DS : laggnaT/iraH : ubaR , 41 rebmetpeS 02 11

retsemeS/saleK I/I : tiakreT kepsA ,akitametaM ,aisenodnI asahaB :

KBS ameT/tinU ukhalokeS nagnukgniL/II :


.I rajaleb lisaH rotakidnI - furuh acabmem tapad awsiS - tamilak nad ,atak ,atak ukus iagabes furuh acabmem tapad awsiS - adneb kaynab gnutihgnem tapad awsiS - kutneb rabmaggnem tapad awsiS - anahredes adneb kutneb

.II kujnuteP - ! umurug kujnutep nagned iauses laos nakajreK - j umurug adap nakaynaT ! natilusek imalagnem umak aki

.III rajaleB nataigeK .A I rajaleb nataigeK

adneb halitamA - ada gnutih naidumek ,umratikes id ada gnay adneb! tubesret adneb kaynab apareb

.B II rajaleB nataigeK

gnay adneb halmuj nad adneb aman halsilut urug nautnab nagneDumak halet ! itama

..……………: bawaJ

.C III rajaleB nataigeK ! salek naped id umnatamagnep lisah nakacaB

.D VI rajaleB nataigeK

! itama umak halet gnay adneb utas halas halrabmaG


27

.VI iskelfeR .1 ? imala umak hisam gnay apa natiluseK

..…………… .2 haletes umnaasarep anamiagaB ? ini amet irajalepmem

.………………


37 P P R


laggnaT/iraH : nineS , 1102 rebmetpeS 91 retsemeS/saleK I/I :

tiakreT kepsA akitametaM ,aisenodnI asahaB : ameT/tinU pudiH nagnukgniL/II :



asahaBaisenodnI

akitametaM

API

sket imahameM nagned kednep

gnirayn acabmem


,hotnocnem nad ,ipakgnelem

nilaynem

nakukaleM nad nahalmujnep

nagnarugnep02 iapmas nagnalib

atoggna lanegneM nad hubut

atres ,aynnaanugekaynnatawarep arac

gnirayn acabmeM anahredes tamilak

nad lafal nagnedtapet gnay isanotni

,furuh hotnocneM tamilak uata ,atak

iard anahredes ukub silut napap uata

raneb nagned


naigab lanegneM - nad hubut naigab

atres aynnaanugek aynnatawarep arac

acabmeM gnirayn

siluneM naalumrep

.A lawA nataigeK - ,malas irebmem uruG - urug ,ispesrepA

gnatnet atirecreb aisunam hubut naigab

.B itnI nataigeK - ugal naksilunem uruG

id ”ayas atam auD“silut napap

- ugal silunem awsiS ”ayas atam auD“

urinem arac nagned - ilanegnem awsiS

aisunam hubut naigab gnudih ,ukuk ,nagnat(

)lld - gnutihgnem awsiS

aisunam hubut naigab - utas naksilunem uruG

nad ,anahredes tamilak acabmem nakrajagnem

anahredes tamilak SAS edotem nagned

fitaerk - ugal acabmem awsiS

gnay tamilak naksilutid

urug helo naped idsalek

.C rihkA nataigeK - isaulavE - iskelfeR

acabmem tapad awsiS isiup uata hpargarap

anahredes tagnas acabmem tapad awsiS

lafal nagned gnirayn gnay isanotni nad

tapet silunem tapad awsiS

anahredes tamilak tapad awsiS

kaynab gnutihgnemadneb

tapad awsiS

naigab naktubeynem aisunam hubut

silutret tseT hawab id laos nakajreK

! ini .1 idajnem haliakgnaR

nad ,atak ,atak ukustamilak

a ,t ,a ,m ,a ,u ,d .2 halmuj halgnutiH

! ini hawab id adneb

.3 naigab aud naktubeS

! umhubut

ajrenik tseT halacaB tamilak id

!ini hawab

urug kapab igap tamales urug kapab

nagned uak tubmas ukiresreb

..urug kap umirid hakaigahab

nugnabmem ajrekebasgnab



: atrakaJ aggnalrE

- adneB -

id adneb ratikes

salek


47

narajaleP ataM radnatSisnetepmoK

isnetepmoKrasaD

iretaM buSkokoP

nataigeKnarajalebmeP rotakidnI naialineP rebmuS

naialineP kirbuR






= ialiN2

roks halmuJ

narujnaG , 1 rebmetpeS 9 02 11 itileneP

itparpuS airaM anA


57

S K L

nakididneP nautaS narujnaG suisinaK DS : laggnaT/iraH : 1102 rebmetpeS 91 ,nineS




- isiup acabmem tapad awsiS - anahredes tagnas hpargarap isiup - isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem nagned gnirayn acabmem tapad awsiS

tapet gnay - anahredes tamilak naksilunem tapad awsiS

.II kujnuteP - ! umurug kujnutep nagned iauses laos nakajreK - ij umurug adap nakaynaT ! natilusek imalagnem umak ak


”ayas atam auD“ ugal haliluT ayas atam auD

ayas atam auD

utas ayas gnudiH ayas tulum utaS

nakam itnehreb kadiT ayas nagnat auD

nanak nad irik gnaY ayas ikak auD

urab utapes iakaP

.B II rajaleB nataigeK naigab halilaneK - ! umhubut naigab

.C ! silut umak halet gnay ugal halacaB


67

.VI iskelfeR - ? natilusek imalagnem hisam umak hakapA

…………………… - ? ini amet irajalepmem haletes umnaasarep anamiagaB

.……………………


77 P P R


laggnaT/iraH : 1102 rebmetpeS 12 ,ubaR retsemeS/saleK I/I :




asahaBaisenodnI

akitametaM



,hotnocnem nad ipakgnelem

nilaynem

nakukaleM nad nahalmujnep

nagnalib nagnarugnep02 iapmas

gnirayn acabmeM anahredes tamilak

nad lafal nagnedtapet gnay isanotni

,furuh hotnocneM tamilak uata ,atak

irad anahredes napap uata ukubraneb nagned silut

.A lawA nataigeK - irebmem uruG

jagnem ,malas ka nesbagnem ,aodreb

awsis - urug ,ispesrepA

awsis amasreb ugal nakiynaynem

”gnutihreB uK“ .B itnI nataigeK

- silunem awsiS anahredes tamilak

nakhotnocid gnayurug

- awsiS acabmem anahredes tamilakurug nakirebid gnay

- gnutihgnem awsiS kaynab uata halmuj

ubut naigab ,atam( h iraj nagnat ,agnilet

)lld

.C rihkA nataigeK - isaulavE - awsis amasreb uruG

iskelfer nakukalem

tapad awsiS isiup acabmem

fargarap uata anahredes tagnas

recnal nagned tapad awsiS

gnirayn acabmem nagned

lafal nakanuggnem gnay isanotni nad

tapet awsiS tapad

tamilak silunemanahredes

tapad awsiS kaynab gnutihgnem

adneb

silutret tseT ! ini hawab id laos nakajreK

.1 haltahiL tamilak ,ini hawab id malad ek halnilas naidumek

! umukub rajaleb igreP

haya nad ubi hO igap tamaleS

halokes igrep uK itnan nak iapmaS

kan rajaleb tamaleS tagnames huneP

uak utnet ulales halnijaR .tapad

.2 id adneb kaynab halgnutiH! ini hawab

.a

.b

ajrenik tseT halacaB tamilak umak halet gnay

! silut napap id silut



: atrakaJ aggnalrE

- adneB -



87

narajaleP ataM isnetepmoK radnatS rasaD isnetepmoK iretaM buSkokoP narajalebmeP nataigeK rotakidnI naialineP rebmuS

naialineP kirbuR






= ialiN2

roks halmuJ01 X

1102 rebmetpeS 12 ,narujnaG itileneP

anA itparpuS airaM


97

S K L

nakididneP nautaS narujnaG suisinaK DS : laggnaT/iraH : 1102 rebmetpeS 12 ,ubaR




- isiup acabmem tapad awsiS - anahredes tagnas isiup - isanotni nad lafal nakanuggnem nagned gnirayn acabmem tapad awsiS

tapet gnay - anahredes tamilak naksilunem tapad awsiS - adneb kaynab gnutihgnem tapad awsiS

.II kujnuteP - umurug kujnutep nagned iauses laos nakajreK ! - ! natilusek imalagnem umak akij umurug adap nakaynaT


! ini hawab id ugal halnilaS gnutihreb uK

kujnulet nad iraj ubI gnajnap gnay hagnet iraJ

nicnic kutnu sinam iraJ gniyas uk gnukgnilk iraK

4 ,3 ,2 ,1 gnutihreb uK 5 nad gnanet kudud nagnat tapiL

rajaleb atik iraM

.B II rajaleB nataigeK ! silut umak halet gnay ugal nakisaralked aboC

.C III rajaleB nataigeK

! ini hawab id naaynatrep halbawaJ .1 ? umak atam halmuj apareB .2 ? um ikak iraj kaynab apareB .3 ? umnagnat halmuj apareB

.II iskelfeR

- ? natilusek imalagnem hisam umak hakapA ……………………

- ? ini amet irajalepmem haletes umnaasarep anamiagaB


NARIPMAL

AWSIS NAAJREKEP LISAH


08


18


28


38


48


NARIPMAL


I SULKIS


58


68


78


88


98


NARIPMAL


II SULKIS


09


19


29


39


49


NARIPMAL

IALIN NAGNUTIHREP LISAH


59

siluneM furuh nagned

raneb

siluneM atak

nagnedraneb

siluneM tamilak nagned

raneb

naipareK

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 36 26 26 06 742 262 .A aveR anitsugA 56 56 56 56 062 563 .W nidnaD sutreblA 77 47 57 57 103 574 .A irT suinotnA 06 06 06 06 042 065 .S uyA haiD .B 36 16 26 36 942 266 .P ikaelaM suisinoiD 26 95 06 85 932 067 .L iamaD aleirbaG 87 67 57 27 103 578 sateiP uyaB oninroC .G 15 15 05 94 102 059 .P idnaS sudlareG 37 96 86 07 082 0701 .A aidaN enerI 57 47 77 57 103 5711 .W airtaS unsiW .M 08 08 08 18 123 0821 .F gnejA airaM 57 37 47 77 992 5731 .M ailirpA acinoM 37 07 17 57 982 2741 inirawaM acinoM 57 47 57 77 103 5751 .A aniveD aicirtaP 56 56 56 56 062 5661 eniugnA aysineR 08 08 08 08 023 0871 anasibiW amiB .S 56 56 56 46 952 5681 airamA isoR assiraC .V 87 87 77 08 313 8791 akedrahaM araD .Y 07 07 07 07 082 0702 .W sutnevdA naveN .Y 07 07 07 07 082 0712 idA aramuK adeV .Y 37 27 17 07 682 27

halmuJ 1741 8441 2541 6541 7285 6541ataR-ataR 0.07 0.96 1.96 3.96 5.772 3.96

atar-ataR

I sulkiS siluneM nalipmareteK ialiN atar-ataR nagnutihreP

oN kanA amaN

ialinid gnay kepsA

halmuJ


69

acabmeM furuh nagned

racnal

acabmeMatak



gnay isanotnitapet


halmuJ 9051 9741 2641 3441 3985 5741ataR-ataR 9.17 4.07 6.96 7.86 6.082 2.07

I sulkiS acabmeM nalipmareteK ialiN atar-ataR nagnutihreP

oN kanA amaN

ialinid gnay kepsA

halmuJ atar-ataR


79

siluneM furuh nagned

raneb

siluneM atak

nagnedraneb

siluneM tamilak nagned

raneb

naipareK

1 rawaM atniC tebasilE 07 07 07 86 872 072 .A aveR anitsugA 57 07 07 56 082 073 .W nidnaD sutreblA 08 08 08 08 023 084 .A irT suinotnA 57 07 86 86 182 075 .S uyA haiD .B 07 86 06 06 852 566 .P ikaelaM suisinoiD 56 56 56 56 062 567 .L iamaD aleirbaG 08 08 08 08 023 088 sateiP uyaB oninroC .G 06 06 05 05 022 559 .P idnaS sudlareG 08 08 08 08 023 0801 .A aidaN enerI 08 77 77 87 213 8711 .W airtaS unsiW .M 08 08 08 18 123 0821 .F gnejA airaM 08 87 57 87 113 8731 .M ailirpA acinoM 08 87 27 57 503 6741 inirawaM acinoM 87 57 57 77 503 6751 .A aniveD aicirtaP 57 37 07 07 882 2761 eniugnA aysineR 08 08 08 08 023 0871 anasibiW amiB .S 06 06 06 06 042 0681 airamA isoR assiraC .V 08 08 08 08 023 0891 akedrahaM araD .Y 57 57 07 07 092 3702 .W sutnevdA naveN .Y 08 08 87 57 313 8712 idA aramuK adeV .Y 08 08 57 87 87

halmuJ 3851 9551 5151 8151 2685 4451ataR-ataR 4.57 2.47 1.27 3.27 1.392 5.37

II sulkiS siluneM nalipmareteK ialiN atar-ataR nagnutihreP

oN kanA amaN

ialinid gnay kepsA

halmuJ atar-ataR


89

acabmeM furuh nagned

racnal

acabmeMatak



gnay isanotnitapet


halmuJ 5061 8751 1551 9151 3526 4651ataR-ataR 4.67 1.57 9.37 3.27 8.792 5.47

II sulkiS acabmeM nalipmareteK ialiN atar-ataR nagnutihreP

oN kanA amaN

ialinid gnay kepsA

halmuJ atar-ataR


ISATNEMUKOD NARIPMAL

SESORP NARAJALEBMEP


99

saleK id narajalebmeP isatnemukoD


001

saleK id narajalebmeP isatnemukoD


101

ATADOIB

anayiguS surteP kapaB audek irtup halada itparpuS airaM anA

adap lutnaB id rihal aI .hisramuS aicirtaP airaM ubI nad

arka aI .7891 sutsugA 32 laggnat laggnit aI .anA liggnapid b

reb gnerigN id aynaut gnaro amas - ,oylumodiS ,gneri

,orupilgnabmaB ai 2991 nuhat adaP .atrakaygoY ,lutnaB

ai 9991 nuhat adaP .lutnaB ,logorG 18 KKP KT id halokesreb ialum

naidumeK .lutnaB ,II gnaggnaP iregeN DS id ayniduts nakiaseleynem

9991 nuhat adap lutnaB ,irupilgnabmaB 2 N PMS id iduts naktujnalem - aI .2002

iaseleynem nuhat adaP .5002 nuhat adap orupilgnabmaB I N AMS id ayniduts nak

atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU IID DSGP id iduts naktujnalem ai 5002

id iduts naktujnalem ai 7002 nuhat adaP .7002 nuhat iduts nakiaseleynem nad

aygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU IS DSGP ispirks naiju nakiaseleynem nad atrak

.2102 iraunaJ adap


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