plagiarism & referencing for ses yr 2

33
Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2 Peter Bradley: UoB Autumn 2010

Upload: jillian-bernard

Post on 31-Dec-2015

36 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2. Peter Bradley: UoB Autumn 2010. By the end of this session, you should know more about:. Plagiarism: what it is & how to avoid it How to cite /acknowledge a source of information within the main text of your assignment - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Peter Bradley: UoB Autumn 2010

Page 2: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

By the end of this session, you should know more about:

• Plagiarism: what it is & how to avoid it

• How to cite/acknowledge a source of information within the main text of your assignment

• How to reference a source in the reference list at the end of your assignment

We’ll be referring to the Journal of Sports Sciences’ guidelines

Page 3: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

What is plagiarism?

To plagiarise/plagiarize is to:  

“take (the work or an idea of someone else) and pass it off as one's own”

"plagiarize verb"  The Oxford Dictionary of English (revised edition). Ed. Catherine Soanes and Angus Stevenson. Oxford University Press, 2005. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.  University of Bath.  7 September 2009  <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t140.e59317>

Page 4: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

What is plagiarism?

• Copying from any other source including books,journals, websites, etc… i.e. without acknowledging /citing the source in your text

& without adding it to your list of references at the end

• Copying ideas, exact text, findings, data, tables,

diagrams, images, conversations, emails, letters…

• Copying other students

or colluding to produce very similar assignments

• Duplicating your own previously submitted work…if you’re allowed to do this, must cite your work…

Page 5: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

What is plagiarism?

• Fabrication:

to report on experiments never performed

• Falsification:

to misrepresent the results of experimentation

Page 6: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Why is plagiarism serious? 1 • It’s a form of cheating & you declare you haven’t

cheated when you submit your assignments

• It can result in penalties: lower grades or worse

• Shows lack of respect towards someone else’s hardwork, whether a student or academic: degrades academic standards, degrees…

• Increasingly easy to be caught out:

Coursework is submitted to Turnitin software:

Turnitin checks your work against information on the internet and other students’ work

Page 7: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Why is plagiarism serious? 2

• You’re here to demonstrate that you’ve acquired a range of academic skills (& these skills are sought by employers)

i.e. capable of independently evaluating a range of information and synthesising different sources to produce your own work

• If you plagiarise: unable to demonstrate these skills

Page 8: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Avoiding plagiarism

1. Good time management

2. Effective note taking

3. Using quotations accurately

4. Summarising & using your own words

5. Recognising what is common knowledge

Page 9: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Avoiding plagiarism 1Give yourself time to:

• Find, read & analyse quality resources

• Save/email records of all articles, & other information you use as your research progressese.g. save via databases, Endnote Web…

• Correctly cite your sources in your text & add full references at the end:

don’t leave this to the final draft

do check your final draft

Page 10: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Avoiding plagiarism 2

Develop good note-taking habits

• Don’t copy text: read a whole section, think about it & then summarise it in your own words

• If you must copy & paste text: place text in quotation marks as a reminder to rewrite it later

• Adopt a method to clearly distinguish your own thoughtsfrom those of others

Page 11: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Avoiding plagiarism 3

Quoting correctly

• Better to summarise using your own words rather than quoteemphasises your own understanding when referring to an author’s ideas or findings

• If you do copy an author’s exact words:limit the amount & must distinguish words from your own by ‘quoting’:

i. adding “quotation marks” around short quotes

ii. separating longer quotes from your own text by indenting from L.H.

• Remember to cite surname, date of publication & page no.

… & add full reference to your list

Page 12: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Avoiding plagiarism 4

Summarising / paraphrasing

• Be aware:

if you include too many words from the original text

= plagiarism

• Remember:

you still have to cite & reference, even though you’re using your own words or building upon an authors’ ideas

Page 13: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Avoiding plagiarism 4

Original text: “Athletes who use diuretics to lose body water to rapidly ‘make weight’ place themselves at a distinct performance disadvantage because a disproportionate reduction in plasma volume occurs, which negatively affects thermoregulation and cardiovascular function. In addition, Diuretic drugs also can markedly impair neuromuscular function not noted when comparable fluid loss occurs by exercise. Athletes who use vomiting and diarrhea to lose weight not only produce dehydration, but also cause excessive mineral loss with accompanying muscle weakness and impaired neuromuscular function(McArdle, Katch & Katch, 2009).”

Paraphrased version: Using non-natural methods to lose weight, such as Diruetic drugs, vomiting and diarrhea damages the body. Using Diruetic drugs has a negative affect on thermoregulation and cardiovascular function by reducing the plasma volume. Vomiting and diarrhea causes major mineral loss, muscle loss and impaired neuromuscular function; damage not noted in fluid loss occurring during exercise (McArdle, Katch & Katch, 2009).

Page 14: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Essay sites: what’s wrong with them?

• Buying assignments is also cheating/plagiarism

• Unpredictable quality: often inaccurate,

poorly written

• Inappropriate academic level

• What resources did the author use?

• Expensive & time consuming

• If you’ve found it, who else has…?

• Traceable!.. again you can get caught

Page 15: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2
Page 16: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2
Page 17: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Quiz: is it plagiarism if you……copy & paste a paragraph of text without using quotation marks & referencing it?

1. Yes

2. No

Page 18: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Is it plagiarism if you…

…substantially rewrite the ideas of another author, cite the author and provide a reference?

1. Yes

2. No

Page 19: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Is it plagiarism if you…

…claim work produced by another student as your own?

1. Yes

2. No

Page 20: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Is it plagiarism if you…

…submit all or part of one essay for two different assignments?

1. Yes

2. No

Page 21: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Is it plagiarism if you…

…copy a diagram from a web site, book or journal, providing a reference for the source underneath?

1. Yes

2. No

Page 22: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Is it plagiarism if you…

1. Yes

2. No

…incorporate text from another source, changing one or two words and providing a citation?

Page 23: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Referencing: using the

Journal of Sports Sciences

guidelines for authors

Page 24: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Why should you provide references?

To avoid plagiarism & related penalties by

acknowledging others’ ideas ,words etc

To help others trace your sources of information

quickly & easily

To demonstrate the breadth of your research

To demonstrate the depth/quality of the material

you’ve found

Page 25: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Cite author surname(s) & date within your text

Citing 1 or 2 author(s)

Biddle (2008) argued that…

It has been suggested that…(Biddle, 2008)

Smith & Jones (2004) set up an experiment that…

Citing 3 or more authors

Just cite first surname followed by et al. e.g. Smith et al.

Instructions in Journal of Sports Sciences are morecomplicated but your SES has decided the abovemethod is fine

Page 26: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

A citation is not needed for:

Common knowledge and facts

Unless you are in any doubt

as to whether it’s common knowledge

Also, if quoting a definition of a common piece of knowledge, a citation is required

Your own ideas or discoveries

Unless you are referring to work you have previously submitted

Page 27: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Reference the full sources at theend of your assignment

• List full details of all your sources

• Don’t include anything you haven’t read

• References listed in alphabetical order by author surname

• Be consistent in your use of referencing style

• Check all your assignment for correct citing/referencing before submission

Page 28: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Reference to a chapter in an edited booke.g. each chapter written by different author(s)

Author(s)/Editor(s)., (year of publication). Chapter title. In Editor’s initials, surname (Ed.), Book title (pp. page numbers, ed. number if not 1st edition). Place of publication including US state abbreviations if relevant: publisher.

Sahlin, S. (2006). Metabolic factors in fatigue. In M. Hargreaves, & L. Spriet, (Eds.), Exercise Metabolism (pp. 163-186, 2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Page 29: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Reference to a journal article: Also use this format for an online article where it’s the

‘same’ as the print version e.g. has page numbers…

Author(s) of article. (year of publication). Title of article: Subtitle if exists. Title of journal, volume number, page numbers.

Edmunds, J, Ntoumanis, N. & Duda, J.L. (2007). Adherence and well-being in overweight and obese patients referred to an exercise on prescription scheme: A self-determination and theory perspective. Psychology of sport and exercise, 8, 722-740.

Page 30: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Online-only article reference

MacKenzie, D., (2008). Is the common cold becoming a killer? New Scientist [online], 2672. Retrieved from: http://www.newscientist.com/channel/health/mg19926721.900-is-the-common-cold-becoming-a-killer.html

Better still, if you can find the article’s DOI number, reference that instead of the URL. Instead of ‘Retrieved from, add the following: doi: xx.xxxxxxxxxx

Page 31: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

More detailed guidelines for referencing:Use SES link to Journal of Sports Sciences guidelines

…also note

Page 32: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Journal abbreviations in references

References to journal articles normally use a short form of the journal title

e.g. Med Sci Sports Exerc

Visit Library’s web site for guide to understanding journal abbreviations:

i. Help section: guides OR

ii. Information skills: finding books & articles

The guide lists sites which provide common abbreviations for sport/exercise journals

Page 33: Plagiarism & Referencing for SES Yr 2

Peter Bradley: Your Subject Librarian

[email protected] on Level 4

Other Librarians are also happy to help

http://www.bath.ac.uk/library/Note Resources for your Subject: Health

Any questions? I’m here to help…