SEMINARON

PILL CAMERA Prepared by :

Anil Kumar Moharana Regd No: 1305106002

Guided By:Mrs. Swarnalata Pati

Department ofComputer Science & Application

College of Engineering & Technology Biju Patanaik University of Technology

ContentsIntroduction HistoryConventional Method and its drawbacksArchitecture of Capsule CameraComponentsProcedureApplicationsAdvantagesDisadvantages Conclusion

Introduction

pill-sized camera is the camera that could travel through your body taking pictures.

The pill camera is sized at 26*11 mm and is capable of transmitting 50,000 color images during its traversal through the digestive system of patient.

History

Pill camera was approved by FDA(food and drug

administration) in 2001.

The Israeli company Given Imaging Ltd. has received official approval to market the video capsule to physicians within European Union countries in 2001.Then later on it was used in other countries.

Conventional Method The conventional method that Doctors would have preferred earlier was

Endoscopy Procedure .By which Doctor able to see the inside lining of digestive tract.This Examination is performed using an Endoscope-a flexible fiber optic tube with a tiny TV camera at the end.The camera is connected to Video screen that displays the images on a colour tv.This Procedure used for Gastro Intestinal(GI) disease .

Drawbacks of endoscopy Drugs effect Complex procedure Infection Painful etc

OPTICAL DOME

LENS HOLDER

LENSILLUMINATING LED’S CMOS IMAGE SENSOR

BATTERY

TRANSMITTER

ANTENNA

5 7

Architecture of Capsule Camera

1.Optical Dome

Front part and Bullet shaped

Non-conductor

Easy orientation of the capsule along the intestine and helps

propel the capsule forward easily.

Light receiving window

2.Lens Holder It is that part of the capsule which accommodates

the lens. The lens is tightly fixed to the holder so that it doesn’t get

dislocated anytime.

Components

3.Lens It is an integral component of the capsule.

It is arranged behind the optical dome.

5.CMOS Image Sensor

CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) Image Sensor.

It is highly sensitive and produces high quality images.

It can detect objects as small as possible.

4.Illuminating LED’S

Light from the LED pass through the light receiving

window.

6.Battery Button shaped and are two in number. The batteries are arranged together just behind the CMOS Image Sensor.

7.ASIC Transmitter

Silver Oxide primary batteries are used.

Disposable and doesn’t cause harm to the body.

The ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) Transmitter is arranged behind the Batteries.

8.Antenna Antennae is arranged at the end of the capsule. It is enclosed in a dome shaped chamber. Antenna received data from transmitter.

Procedure First Sensor Array ,Data recorder, which are incorporated with in a belt are worn by the patients .

Then capsule is swallowed by the patient like a conventional pill. And the camera takes images as it is propelled forward.

Sensor array is used to calculate and indicate the position of the capsule in the body and receives the images transmitted by capsule.

Then the data recorder records the images transmitted by capsule and received by sensor array.

Then a computer processes the data and produces continuous still images.

Sensor array and Data recorder

Images obtained by capsule camera

Crohn's Disease

Mal-absorption Disorders.

Tumors of the intestine & Vascular Disorders.

Gastrointestinal reflex.

Small Bowel Injury.

Applications

Advantages Small size

Painless, no side affects or complications

Precise and effective.

High quality images

Simple procedure

Efficent than endoscopy.

Disadavantages

Gastrointestinal obstructions prevent the free flow of capsule.

Patient pregnant women face difficulties.

It is very expensive and not reusable.

It cannot be controlled once it has been ingested.

Conclusion

It has revolutionized in the field of diagnostic imaging to a

great extent and has proved to be of great help to

physicians all over the world.

If it becomes little cheaper and drawbacks are overcomed, then

hopefully it will replace the conventional endoscopy method

completely .

Pill

Camera

References http://www.slideshare.net http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsule_endoscopyhttp://www.seminarsonly.com/computer%20science/Pill-Camera.php

THANK YOU ANY QUERIES???